LL.B. (Three Years) Sem 1 Legal Language Jan 2026 60/40 Question Paper - Mumbai University | munotes

Questions asked in this paper

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SECTION I - Answer the following in not more than two sentences (Any Six) 12 Marks

1. Q1 The police arrested the accused last night. (Change the voice)
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2. Q2 Rahul told Aman that they were going to watch a movie that night. (Change to direct speech)
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3. Q3 alas the old man is no more (Punctuate the sentence)
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4. Q4 You are coming to the party. (Add question tag)
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5. Q5 She doesn't hate anyone (Change into Positive Sentence)
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6. Q6 Explain the Citation: Pravin Solanki v/s Narendra Shah, AIR 2014 SC 183
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7. Q7 State any two features of law magazine 'One India, One People'.
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8. Q8 Give full form of:- (i) SCC (ii) ILR
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9. Q9 Explain the concept 'Law'.
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10. Q10 What does the legal maxim Nemo Tenetur Seipsum Accusare mean?
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SECTION II - Write Short Note on (Any 2) 12 Marks

1. Q11 De Minimus Non Curat Lex
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2. Q12 Explain the meaning of (1) Cause of Action (2) Power of Attorney
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3. Q13 Writs
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4. Q14 Ubi Jus Ibi Remedium
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SECTION III - Answer the following (Any 2) 12 Marks

1. Q15 Answer the following question with reference to the Legislative Extract given below: THE MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY ACT, 1971 (ACT NO. 34 of 1971) [10 August, 1971] An Act to provide for the termination of certain pregnancies by registered medical practitioners and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. BE it enacted by the Parliament in the Twenty-second Year of the Republic of India as follows: -
   • 1. Short Title, Extent and Commencement
   • (1) This Act may be called The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971
   • (2) It extends to whole of India except to the State of Jammu and Kashmir
   • (3) It shall come into force on such dates as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette appoint Identify the following: - (i) Short Title (ii) Official Citation (iii) Long Title (iv) Date of Commencement
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2. Q16 Answer the following question with reference to the Legislative Extract given below: THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ACT, 1993 (Act No. 10 of 1994) [8th January, 1994] An Act to provide for the constitution of National Human Rights Commission, State Human Rights Commission in States and Human Rights Court for better protection of human rights and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Forty-fourth Year of the Republic of India as follows: - CHAPTER -I : Preliminary
   • 1. Short title, extent and commencement. -
   • (1) This Act may be called the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
   • (2) It extends to the whole of India
   • (3) It shall be deemed to have come into force on the 28th day of September, 1993 Identify the following:- a) Marginal Notes b) Long Title c) Date of assent d) Official Citation
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3. Q17 Answer the following question with reference to the Legislative Extract given below: THE MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT, 1961 (ACT NO.53 OF 1961) [12th December, 1961] An Act to regulate the employment of women in certain establishments for certain periods before and after child-birth and to provide for maternity benefit and certain other benefits. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Twelfth Year of the Republic of India as follows: -
   • 1. Short Title, Extent and Commencement-
   • (1) This Act may be called The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
   • (2) It extends to the whole of India
   • (3) It shall come into force on such date as may be notified in this behalf in the Official Gazette,-
   • (a) in relation to mines and to any other establishment wherein persons are employed for the exhibition of equestrian, acrobatic and other performances, by the Central Government; and
   • (b) in relation to other establishment in a State, by the State Government, Identify the following: a) Preamble b) Official Citation c) Short title d) Enacting Formula
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4. Q18 Explain search of Case laws on 'Who is competent to Contract?'
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SECTION IV - Answer the following questions (Any 2) 24 Marks

1. Q19 Write an essay on: Uniform Civil Code: Is it right time to implement?
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2. Q20 Write an essay on: Role of Artificial Intelligence in Legal Field
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3. Q21 Briefly outline the facts, issues and guidelines given by the Supreme Court in D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal
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4. Q22 Briefly outline the facts, issues and guidelines given by the Supreme Court in Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan
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5. Q23 What are Law Reports? Write briefly on any two Law reports.
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6. Q24 Read the following passage and answer the given questions below: The rapid pace of industrialization and urbanization in developing nations has led to a sharp rise in environmental pollution, threatening public health, biodiversity and climate stability. Air pollution, primarily caused by vehicular emissions, coal-fired power plants and industrial effluents, contributes to smog, acid rain and respiratory diseases. Water pollution from untreated sewage and chemical run-off devastates aquatic ecosystems and contaminates drinking water sources. Soil pollution, often a result of improper waste disposal and excessive pesticide use, reduces agricultural productivity and enters the food chain. In India, the judiciary has played a proactive role in addressing these issues. The landmark case M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, popularly known as the Oleum Gas Leak case, introduced the principle of absolute liability for enterprises engaged in hazardous activities. The Supreme Court held that any entity handling hazardous substances is strictly liable for any harm caused, regardless of negligence or fault. This judgment paved the way for stricter environmental regulations and the enactment of laws such as the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Moreover, the National Green Tribunal (NGT), established in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, provides a specialized forum for expeditious disposal of cases related to environmental protection, conservation of forests and natural resources. The NGT has powers to grant relief and compensation for damages to persons and property, and it has been instrumental in enforcing compliance with environmental laws. Despite these legal advancements, challenges persist. Rapid urban growth, inadequate waste management infrastructure and lack of public awareness continue to exacerbate pollution levels. Therefore, a multi-pronged approach combining stringent enforcement, technological innovation and community participation is essential to mitigate the adverse effects of pollution.
   • 1. What are the three major types of environmental pollution mentioned in the passage?
   • 2. Explain the principle of absolute liability as laid down in M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum Gas Leak case).
   • 3. What is the role of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in India?
   • 4. According to the passage, why is a multi-pronged approach needed to combat pollution?
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