LL.B. (Three Years) Sem 1 Legal Language Apr 2025 75/25 Question Paper - Mumbai University | munotes

Questions asked in this paper

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• 2. Total marks are indicated on the right side of paper.

SECTION I - Answer Any Six questions in one or two sentences 12 Marks

1. Q1 "The judge delivered the verdict" (Convert the sentence into passive voice.)
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2. Q2 "I will file the petition tomorrow," he said. (Change to indirect speech)
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3. Q3 I have never seen a pearl as beautiful as this. (Change the sentence into the comparative degree)
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4. Q4 Explain the citation Joseph Shine v. Union of India - AIR 2018 SC 4898.
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5. Q5 What is a Remedial statute? Give examples
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6. Q6 Give Full Form of i) SCC ii) AIR
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7. Q7 Briefly explain the term Amicus Curiae.
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8. Q8 Define the term "Jurisdiction" in legal context.
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SECTION II - Write short notes on any two of the following 12 Marks

1. Q9 Interpretation of Penal statute.
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2. Q10 Primary rules of interpretation of Statutes
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3. Q11 Describe the search of case laws on "A contract made without consideration is void except under certain circumstances"
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4. Q12 Explain the legal concepts, Discharge, Acquittal and Conviction.
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SECTION III - Answer any two of the following 12 Marks

1. Q13 Sarah, a tourist Visits India, unknowingly parks her car in a restricted zone. When she returns, she finds that her car has been towed and she is fined. She argues that she was unaware of the local parking regulations and should not be penalized for an honest mistake. i. Why is ignorance of the law generally not accepted as a defense in legal systems? ii. Can ignorance of facts or a mistake of fact be excused?
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2. Q14 Read the following and answer the question below: The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. (Act No. 53, 1961) [12 December, 1961] An Act to provide the employment of women in certain establishments before and after child birth and to provide for maternity benefit and certain other benefits. Be it enacted by the parliament in the Twelfth Year of Republic of India as follows:
   • 1. Short title, extent and commencement
   • (1) This Act may be called the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
   • (2) It extends to the whole of India
   • (3) It shall come into force on such date as may be notified in this behalf in the Official Gazette, --
   • (a) in relation to mines and to any other establishment wherein persons are employed for the exhibition of equestrian, acrobatic and other performances, by the Central Government; and
   • (b) in relation to other establishments in a State, by the State Government. Identify the following: i) Short Title ii) Long Title iii) Enacting Formula iv) Date of Assent
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3. Q15 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has profoundly reshaped the legal profession, revolutionizing processes such as legal research, contract analysis, and litigation strategy. AI-powered platforms like LexisNexis and Westlaw facilitate the rapid retrieval and analysis of vast legal databases, significantly expediting case law research and jurisprudential review. Similarly, AI-driven contract analysis tools enhance document review by identifying inconsistencies, potential risks, and compliance issues, thereby mitigating [.] and improving legal accuracy. A pivotal advancement in AI's legal application is predictive analytics, which leverages historical rulings to forecast litigation outcomes. By analysing judicial trends, AI enables attorneys and clients to make data-driven decisions regarding case strategy, settlement viability, and trial prospects. Additionally, AI-assisted [.] ensuring consistency and precision in legal documentation. Despite its advantages, AI presents ethical dilemmas, particularly regarding its inability to grasp moral considerations, emotional intelligence, and the nuanced complexities of justice. Furthermore, AI models, trained on historical legal data, risk perpetuating systemic biases, raising concerns about fairness and impartiality. While AI optimizes efficiency in legal operations, it cannot supplant human judgment, advocacy, and ethical reasoning. Instead, its role should be that of a complementary tool, augmenting legal expertise rather than substituting human professionals. Answer the following questions based on the extract given above:
   • i. Give an appropriate title for this passage. and state what is the main idea / theme of the passage?
   • ii. What are the ethical concerns regarding AI in the legal profession?
   • iii. Should AI replace human lawyers? Why or why not?
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4. Q16 The Executive Chairman of Legal Aid Committee submitted that it was imperative to examine the issue in depth and to develop "custodial jurisprudence" and to formulate modalities for awarding compensation to the victims and/or family members of the victim for atrocities and death caused in police custody and to provide for accountability of the officers concerned. i. Mention the authoritative precedent for the above-mentioned facts and state the various provisions of law involved. ii. What are the judicial guidelines laid down by the Supreme Court in this regard?
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SECTION IV - Answer Any Three in detail 39 Marks

1. Q17 Enumerate the Internal and External aids of interpretation.
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2. Q18 Write an essay on "the challenges of Cyber Laws in India and the need for stronger data protection regulations."
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3. Q19 Briefly discuss the objective and scheme of General Clauses Act in Interpretation of statutes and are there any limitations to its use?
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4. Q20 Explain with case laws the maxim "Vigilantibus, non domientibus, jura subveniunt"
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5. Q21 Discuss the Secondary rules of interpretation.
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