LL.B. (Three Years) Sem 1 Labour Laws May 2026 75/25 Question Paper - Mumbai University | munotes

Questions asked in this paper

• 2. Do not disclose your identity or mark any inscriptions, signages etc. anywhere on the answer sheets

SECTION I - Answer Any Six of the following (6 X 2 = 12 Marks) 12 Marks

1. Q1 Define "Industrial Dispute" under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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2. Q2 Define "Worker" under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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3. Q3 Define "Strike" under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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4. Q4 What is meant by "Award" under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020?
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5. Q5 What are the duties of a Conciliation Officer under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020?
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6. Q6 Define "Minimum Wages" under the Code on Wages, 2019.
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7. Q7 List any three permissible deductions under the Code on Wages, 2019.
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8. Q8 Explain the concept of "Collective Bargaining".
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SECTION II - Answer Any Two of the following (2 X 6 = 12 Marks) 12 Marks

1. Q9 Distinguish between Lock-out and Closure under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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2. Q10 Unfair Labour Practices under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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3. Q11 Explain time limit for payment of wages under the Code on Wages, 2019.
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4. Q12 "Industry" under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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SECTION III - Answer Any Two of the following (2 X 6 = 12 Marks) 12 Marks

1. Q13 At M/s. Zenith Engineering Pvt. Ltd., workers raised complaints regarding unsafe working conditions and lack of proper safety equipment. They organized a demonstration within the premises during working hours. In response, the employer, without issuing any prior notice, closed the factory gates and denied entry to all workers from the next day, citing disciplinary concerns.
   • (a) Define "Lock-out" under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
   • (b) Whether the employer's action is legally valid under the Code?
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2. Q14 M/s. Orion Logistics Ltd., employing more than 300 workers, has been operational for over one year but has not submitted draft Standing Orders for certification as required under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020. The employer continues to regulate service conditions through internal policies. The workers contend that Model Standing Orders should apply automatically.
   • (a) State the obligations of the employer regarding Standing Orders under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
   • (b) Explain the consequences of non-compliance.
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3. Q15 In an industrial establishment employing 500 workers, Trade Union A has 48% membership, Union B has 32%, and Union C has 20%. Union A claims sole recognition for collective bargaining, while Unions B and C demand joint participation in negotiations.
   • (a) Define "Negotiating Union" under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
   • (b) State the criteria for recognition under the Code.
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4. Q16 M/s. Delta Metals Pvt. Ltd. pays wages on a monthly basis. For a particular month, wages were paid on the 18th day of the succeeding month due to administrative delays in payroll processing. Workers allege violation of statutory provisions.
   • (a) State the time limit for payment of wages under the Code on Wages, 2019.
   • (b) Whether such delay is legally justified?
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SECTION IV - Answer Any Three of the following (3 X 13 = 39 Marks) 39 Marks

1. Q17 Discuss historical reasons for formation of workers' combinations during Industrial Revolution.
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2. Q18 Explain certification and applicability of Standing Orders under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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3. Q19 Explain the procedure for registration of a trade union under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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4. Q20 Analyze the rules regarding lay-off and Retrenchment, its meaning, and compensation under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.
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5. Q21 Explain the components of minimum wages under the Code. Also explain the procedure for fixing and revising minimum wages as per Code of Wages, 2019.
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