LL.B. (Three Years) Sem 4 Criminology and Penology Oct 2025 75/25 Question Paper - Mumbai University | munotes

Questions asked in this paper

SECTION I - Q.1: Answer any six of the following in one or two sentences (12 Marks - 2 marks each)

1. Q1 What is the main necessity for the administration of justice?
2. Q2 State the difference between civil and criminal justice in one sentence.
3. Q3 Define 'Actus reus'.
4. Q4 What do you mean by the 'Doctrine of Mens Rea'?
5. Q5 Name the four stages of crime.
6. Q6 What is the criminal stage immediately preceding the commission of the crime?
7. Q7 State the purpose of 'Simple Imprisonment'.
8. Q8 Define the 'Retributive Theory' of punishment.
9. Q9 Give one exception where 'Mens Rea' may not be required for criminal liability.

SECTION II - Q.2: Write short notes on any two of the following (12 Marks - 6 marks each)

1. Q10 Vicarious Liability in Crimes
2. Q11 Alternative to Capital Punishment
3. Q12 Intention and Knowledge as elements of Mens Rea
4. Q13 Solitary Confinement and Rigorous Imprisonment

SECTION III - Q.3: Answer any two of the following situation problems (12 Marks - 6 marks each)

1. Q14 A hospital surgeon performs an operation. During the procedure, due to a severe lapse in concentration (but not a malicious intent), a vital nerve is severed, leading to permanent paralysis of the patient. (i) Which element of Criminal Liability (Mens Rea type) is most likely involved here? (ii) Is this justified? Explain with reference to the 'Nature of Criminal Liability'.
2. Q15 "X" purchases poison with the intention of killing "Y". He puts the poison in Y's tea cup, but Y never drinks the tea because the waiter accidentally spills it before Y can take a sip. (i) Identify the last stage of crime X successfully completed. (ii) Would X be liable? If so, for what, and why?
3. Q16 A judge, when sentencing a young, first-time offender for a non-violent property crime, opts for a short period of community service and probation instead of rigorous imprisonment. (i) Which theory of punishment is the judge primarily relying on? (ii) State the main objective of this theory.
4. Q17 A politically influential person, 'A', is accused of bribing a witness in a case of Forfeiture of Property to suppress evidence. (i) Explain the importance of 'Fairness' in the Administration of Justice in this context. (ii) What kind of punishment is 'Forfeiture of Property', and what is its purpose?

SECTION IV - Q.4: Attempt any three of the following in detail (39 Marks - 13 marks each)

1. Q18 Explain in detail the nature and historical background of the Administration of Justice, and discuss the necessity of having a formal system.
2. Q19 Explain the concept of Mens Rea and its fundamental importance in establishing criminal liability. Discuss in detail the different types of Mens Rea: Intention, Knowledge, and Negligence.
3. Q20 Discuss the Theories of Punishment (Deterrent, Preventive, Retributive, and Reformative) in detail, providing an example for each.
4. Q21 Differentiate between Act and Omission in the context of Actus Reus. Explain the stages of a crime: Intention, Preparation, Attempt, and Commission, with relevant examples.
5. Q22 Discuss the different Kinds of Punishment under the Criminal Jurisprudence. Give special emphasis to the Social Reference of Capital Punishment and its alternatives.

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