LLM Group 1 Constitutional and Administrative Law Comparative Constitutional Law Solved Question Papers with Answers 2015 to 2026 - Mumbai University | munotes

Comparative Constitutional Law is Paper III of LLM Group I, subject code 26913, and the first thing to fix is how many papers this folder actually holds. Six files hold nine distinct printed papers, because three of the six scans carry two complete and different papers each. The 2016 file holds Q.P. Code 11829 on page one and Q.P. Code 60971 on page two. The 2018 file holds Q.P. Code 33712 and Q.P. Code 33714. The three page 2019 file holds form 68952 on page one, footed "Page 1 of 1", and form 77542 on pages two and three, the third page being form 77542's Marathi translation and not a separate paper. The 2015 file and the two 2025-26 files are single papers.

Every paper is 100 marks in three hours, attempt any four, all questions carry equal marks, so every question is worth exactly twenty five and you have about forty five minutes for each. What changes is how many questions are on offer. The 2015 paper and both 2016 papers set eight, and so does the second 2019 paper; the two 2018 papers, the first 2019 paper and both 2025-26 papers set seven. The 2015, 2016 and 2018 papers print 25 against each question; the 2019 and 2025-26 papers print only the total, and the figure follows from the paper's own arithmetic.

One topic is in all nine papers and nothing else comes close: the amending procedure of the constitutions of the United States, India and Switzerland. It is set in every single paper in this folder, in five different wordings, and it is the one answer worth preparing to the highest standard you can manage. After it, counted paper by paper: federalism, whether as federal elements in the Swiss, American and Indian constitutions or as the Supreme Court's decisions on federalism, in eight; the classification of constitutions in seven; civil liberties in India and the United States in seven; the jurisdictions of the American and Indian Supreme Courts in six; judicial review in five; and the independence of the Indian judiciary and the basic structure doctrine in four each.

The case notes are the most finite thing in this subject and they are worth knowing exactly. Across all nine papers only four decided cases are ever set as notes, and all four are American: Marbury v. Madison in six papers, Brown v. Board of Education in five, Gibbons v. Ogden in five and the Dred Scott case in four. No Indian decision is ever named in a question anywhere in this folder. Prepare those four properly, with the facts first, and you have covered every case note the subject has set in eleven years.

The six commonest topics together cover at least four questions, which is all you have to answer, on six of the nine papers. They do not on the other three, and knowing which three is the point. The second 2019 paper, form 77542, sets parliamentary supremacy in the United Kingdom with collective responsibility, conventions, rigid and flexible constitutions, affirmative action and parliamentary democracy, and only three of its eight questions fall inside the usual set. Both 2025-26 papers do the same. A candidate who prepares only the recurring topics can still be caught, and the second half of the 2019 file is where to test yourself.

The two 2025-26 papers are a different kind of paper and should be read first, not last. They name four or five countries in a single question, India, the United States, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Canada in one, and India, the United States, Germany and Ireland in another; they ask you to compare and evaluate or critically analyse rather than to explain; and they print an instruction to cite relevant case laws which no earlier paper carries. They also share four questions word for word with each other, and the paper filed as Set 2 was in fact sat nine days earlier, on 8 July 2026 against 17 July 2026. One warning about them: the federalism question names Ireland, and Ireland is not a federal state at all. Article 15.2.1 of its Constitution vests the sole and exclusive law making power in the Oireachtas, and Article 28A provides for local government only. Say so, and use Ireland for what it actually gave India, which is the Directive Principles model in Part IV.

Finally, a point about the 2019 Marathi page, because it can cost you marks. Its question 2 reads India and England where the English page reads the United States and India, and it renders the English word "Conventions" in question 4 as adhiveshan, which means a session of a legislature and not a constitutional convention. The paper's own third instruction on that page says the original English questions are to be treated as authoritative, so answer the English. A candidate who reads only the Marathi will answer a question the paper did not set.

These are model answers prepared by munotes. They are a study aid and not official University answer keys, which the University of Mumbai does not publish.