LLM Group 1 Constitutional and Administrative Law Public Authorities and Power Holders Solved Question Papers with Answers 2015 to 2026 - Mumbai University | munotes

Public Authorities and Power Holders is Paper VI of LLM Group I, and the full title printed on the paper says what the subject is: Controls on Maladministration. The paper is a catalogue of those controls, and seeing that turns ten apparently separate chapters into one argument. Parliament controls through its committees and through legislative control generally. Money is controlled by the Comptroller and Auditor General. The administration polices itself through the Central Vigilance Commission. Offences are investigated by the Central Bureau of Investigation. Facts are established by Commissions of Inquiry and by judicial inquiries. And the citizen's own grievance goes to an ombudsman, which in India means the Lokpal and the Lokayuktas. Every question in the nine printed papers solved here is about one of those controls, and nearly all of them end in the same place: the body can find out, and it cannot make anything happen.

Five topics will carry you through every paper in this folder, and this was counted question by question rather than estimated. The Central Bureau of Investigation is set in all nine printed papers and the Central Vigilance Commission in all nine. The Comptroller and Auditor General and judicial inquiries are in eight each, legislative committees and the ombudsman in seven each, legislative control and the Lokpal in five each, and the Commissions of Inquiry Act and maladministration itself in four each. Prepare the Comptroller and Auditor General, the Central Bureau of Investigation, the Central Vigilance Commission, judicial inquiries and the ombudsman, and you can answer at least four questions, which is all any paper here requires, on every one of the nine. Four topics will not do it. The four commonest leave you a question short on the second 2015 paper, Q.P. Code 27226, which sets nothing at all on the Comptroller and Auditor General.

The shape of the paper has not moved in eleven years: three hours, one hundred marks, six or seven questions, attempt any four, all carrying equal marks, so every question is worth twenty five and each answer has about forty five minutes. Some papers print that twenty five against each question and some print only the total, in which case the figure is still the paper's own arithmetic. Count the papers rather than the files. Five uploads in this folder are nine printed papers, because four of the five scans hold two complete and different papers, one to a page. The 2018 file goes furthest: its two papers, Q.P. Codes 25924 and 25925, repeat three of their six questions word for word, so whoever prepared for one of them was prepared for half of the other.

The 2025-2026 paper is the one to read most carefully, because it is the only paper in the folder that behaves differently. It is the only one printed in English and Marathi on the same line, the 2019 paper putting its Marathi on a separate page. It is the only one whose instructions tell you to cite case law. And three of its seven questions are worded in a way no earlier paper here uses: what reforms would turn Commissions of Inquiry from fact-finding bodies into effective accountability mechanisms, which constitutional provisions and parliamentary rules empower legislative committees to conduct inquiries, and the composition and functions of the Central Vigilance Commission under the 2003 Act specifically. Those want a provision and an argument, not a description of an institution.

One practical point about how the marks are actually written. Eight of the nine papers carry at least one short notes question and three of them carry two, so on most sittings one of the four answers you write can be a notes question, which means two notes of about twelve and a half marks each rather than one continuous essay. The notes are drawn from a narrower set than the essays: maladministration and corruption by public authorities, the Lokpal and the Lokayukta, the Commission of Inquiry, judicial inquiries and inquiries by legislative committees. A topic that appears as a full question on one paper appears as a note on another, so the same reading serves both, and the only thing that changes is how much of it you can fit.

These are model answers prepared by munotes. They are a study aid and not official University answer keys, which the University of Mumbai does not publish.