LLM Group 1 Constitutional and Administrative Law National Security Public Order and Rule of Law Solved Question Papers with Answers 2015 to 2026 - Mumbai University | munotes

National Security, Public Order and Rule of Law is Paper II of LLM Group I, subject code 76019, and the first thing to establish is how many papers this folder holds. Five files hold nine distinct printed papers, because four of the five scans carry two complete and different papers each. The file labelled 2015 holds Q.P. Codes 12209 and 27118; 2016 holds 308301 and 11775; 2018 holds Q.P. Code 34170 and form 63526; and the three page 2019 file holds form 69693 on page one and form 81946 on pages two and three, the third page being form 81946's Marathi translation rather than a separate paper. Only the 2025-26 file is a single paper.

The shape never changes. Every one of the nine papers prints seven questions, asks for any four, states that all questions carry equal marks and totals 100 in three hours, so every question is worth exactly twenty five. Some papers print that figure against each question and some print nothing but the total, but the arithmetic is the paper's own either way. That means you choose four topics from seven with no compulsory question anywhere, and it means each answer has about forty five minutes and should be written at the length forty five minutes allows.

Two topics are in all nine papers: emergency, meaning Articles 352, 358 and 359 and the changes made by the Forty fourth Amendment, and preventive detention under Article 22. Nothing else is close. After them, counted paper by paper: martial law in seven, exceptional legislation such as TADA and COFEPOSA in seven, the human rights of women in six, and the position of pre-independence laws in six. Then judicial activism, due process and special legislation, and special courts and tribunals at five each.

Seven topics answer four questions on every paper in the folder, which is the whole of what a candidate has to write. They are the six above plus special courts and tribunals taken together with due process. That was checked question by question against all nine papers rather than estimated: the leanest paper for a candidate prepared this way is Q.P. Code 308301, where they cover exactly four of the seven questions, and the most generous is form 69693, where they cover all seven.

The papers repeat their questions to an unusual degree, and not only across years. Within a single scan the two papers overlap heavily: the 2016 pair sets the same notes on special courts and due process, the same question on Article 358 and the same question on the human rights of minorities, and the 2015 pair asks the Article 359 and Forty fourth Amendment question in identical words. Whole stems recur across a decade, so reading two papers from different years is worth more than reading two from the same file.

One factual point is worth carrying into the hall. Three of these papers ask about emergencies "declared in 1962, 1965 and 1970", or in one case 1962, 1965, 1970 and 1975. No emergency was ever proclaimed in 1965 or 1970. There have been three proclamations under Article 352: October 1962 on external aggression, which was not revoked until January 1968 and therefore covered the 1965 war without a fresh proclamation, December 1971 on external aggression, and June 1975 on internal disturbance, made while the 1971 proclamation was still running. The 2025-26 paper in this same folder asks about 1962, 1971 and 1975 and has it right. Answer on the three real proclamations and say in a sentence why the other dates do not exist.

The answers here are written at twenty five mark length with the case law worked out rather than cited, because that is what the marks require. Two provisions carry more of this subject than any others and neither is usually taught with its sting attached: Article 359 can no longer suspend the enforcement of Articles 20 and 21, which is what makes the holding in ADM Jabalpur impossible today, and section 3 of the Forty fourth Amendment, which would have cut preventive detention without an Advisory Board from three months to two and taken the Board out of executive hands, was enacted in 1978 and has never been brought into force.

These are model answers prepared by munotes. They are a study aid and not official University answer keys, which the University of Mumbai does not publish.