Master of Law (LL.M.) Group 4 Human Rights Law Protection and Enforcements of Human Rights 2025-26 Set 2 Question Paper - Mumbai University | munotes

Questions asked in this paper

1. 1. "While human rights represent the broader moral and international canvas, fundamental rights are specific legal guarantees protected under domestic constitutional law." Examine the distinction between the two concepts on the background of history and development of human rights in India. 25 marks
   Read the model answer
2. 2. Critically analyze the implementation of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 in India with the help of recent trends in contemporary India. 25 marks
   Read the model answer
3. 3. According to Justice P.N. Bhagwati, "the Supreme Court of India is not only a constitutional court but also a court for the poor and the downtrodden. Judicial activism is a duty cast upon this court to ensure that human rights become a reality for all." Discuss the notion of judicial activism in the development of human rights jurisprudence in India. 25 marks
   Read the model answer
4. 4. "A democratic society governed by the Rule of Law cannot tolerate unchecked or excessive use of force by the state under the guise of maintaining public order." Critically analyze the provisions Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 in view of violation of human rights in India. 25 marks
   Read the model answer
5. 5. Critically analyze the role of Civil and Criminal Courts in the protection and promotion of human rights with the help of recent incidences of violation of human rights in India. 25 marks
   Read the model answer
6. 6. "Any International Convention not inconsistent with the fundamental rights but in harmony with its spirit must be read into these provisions to enlarge the meaning and content thereof. Discuss the role of India in the incorporation of International standards and norms in India. 25 marks
   Read the model answer
7. 7. Write Short Notes (Any Two) 25 marks
   • (a) Interrelationship between fundamental rights and directive principles of state policies
   • (b) impact of large scale infrastructure projects on indigenous communities in India
   • (c) Role of Supreme Court in the development of environmental jurisprudence in India
   • (d) Role of National Human Rights Commission the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
   Read the model answer

Read from the scan above, so a character or two may differ. The scan is the original.