LLM Group 5 Criminal Law and Criminal Administration Collective Violence and Criminal Justice System Solved Question Papers with Answers 2015 to 2026 - Mumbai University | munotes

Collective Violence and Criminal Justice System is Paper IV of LLM Group V, Criminal Law and Criminal Administration, subject code 26923, and the first thing to settle is how many papers this folder actually holds. Eight files are listed and they are nine papers. Two of the scans carry two complete and different hundred mark papers rather than a paper and its Marathi: the file named 2015 holds Q.P. Codes 12294 and 27203, and the three page 2019 file holds printer's form 68962 on page one and form 76130 on pages two and three, the third page being form 76130's Marathi. Against that, the file named 2016 is the same scan as the file named 2015, page for page identical, so one sitting has been filed under two years and there is no separate 2016 paper; both its BB-Con. numbers end in -15, which settles which year is right. That leaves nine distinct printed papers and sixty three questions.

Four subjects are set on every single one of the nine papers, which is unusual in any Mumbai University folder. Communal violence draws thirteen questions across the folder, terrorism eleven, violence against women ten, and ahimsa ten. After those come the conceptual vocabulary of the subject in eight papers with seventeen questions, caste atrocities in seven papers with ten questions, agrarian violence in seven with seven, the Telangana struggle in five, freedom of speech in four and violence against children in three.

That produces the most useful fact in this note, and it was computed by testing every combination of topics against every paper rather than estimated. No set of four topics will answer the four questions you have to write on all nine papers. Exactly two sets of five will, and both of them contain ahimsa, communal violence, terrorism and violence against women; the fifth member is either agrarian violence or the conceptual vocabulary. Prepare those five and you can write four answers on any paper in this folder.

The shape has not moved in eleven years: seven questions, attempt any four, all questions carry equal marks, one hundred marks in three hours. Every question is therefore worth twenty five and each answer has about forty five minutes. No paper in this folder prints twenty five against a question, which unsettles students who expect to see it, and the figure is the paper's own arithmetic: four answers to make one hundred. There is no compulsory question anywhere in the folder.

Eight of the nine papers close with a short notes question, and three of them set two notes questions rather than one, so on those papers half of what you write can be notes. A note is worth about twelve and a half marks inside a twenty five mark answer, which is more than a whole question on most undergraduate papers, and a list of headings will not do. The notes come from a small repeating set: institutionalised violence and its remedies, the findings of the various commissions of inquiry, collective political violence and the legal order, violence against children, the Telangana struggle, freedom of speech and incitement, and the Arwal massacre, which is set on three of the nine papers.

The conceptual questions are the largest single group in the folder, seventeen questions across eight papers, and they are the ones most often answered badly, because they are answered from a dictionary. Force, criminal force and assault have statutory definitions in sections 128, 129 and 130 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, and force there is morally neutral: it is causing motion or contact, and it becomes criminal only when it is used without consent and for a culpable purpose. Coercion is not a criminal law term at all; it is section 15 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 and its consequence is that the agreement is voidable, not that anyone is punished. Violence is deliberately left undefined by the penal law. Symbolic violence, structural violence and institutionalised violence are three different concepts from three different sources, and an answer that treats them as synonyms for violence that is not physical loses the marks the question was set to award.

Five things in the print will make you think you have misread. Q.P. Code 12294 prints Gandhji for Gandhiji and Telegana for Telangana, and the word Explain at the end of its fourth question is handwritten on the scan rather than printed. Q.P. Code 04618 of 2018 letters the notes in its sixth question a, b and c and then continues the same sequence in its seventh question with e, f and g, so there is no d. Form 40315 of 2023 letters its three notes a, b and e, and its English half asks for any two of them while its Marathi half asks for any three; the English governs. Form 81988 of 2024-2025 heads its fourth question Q.4 with no full stop where the other six carry one. And the 2025-26 Set 2 paper asks about the report of the Indian Human Rights Commission on the Arwal massacre; no body of that name inquired into Arwal, and the National Human Rights Commission did not exist in 1986. The report meant is that of the Indian People's Human Rights Tribunal, an unofficial tribunal, and saying so earns marks rather than losing them.

One change dates every textbook on this subject. The Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure and the Evidence Act were replaced on 1 July 2024 by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, so every provision this subject turns on now has a new number: unlawful assembly and rioting are sections 189 to 192, promoting enmity is section 196, outraging religious feelings is section 299, dispersal of an assembly is sections 148 and 149 of the Sanhita on procedure, and prohibitory orders are section 163. Two provisions are genuinely new and are worth knowing. Section 103(2) punishes murder by a group of five or more acting in concert on the ground of race, caste or community, sex, place of birth, language or personal belief, which gives mob lynching a distinct offence for the first time. And section 113 brings the terrorist act into the general penal code, in terms borrowed from section 15 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967.

These are model answers prepared by munotes. They are a study aid and not official University answer keys, which the University of Mumbai does not publish.