Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
BSA and Law of Evidence
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
LLB 3 years · Sem 6
Apr 2026 - BSA 75/25 Examination
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LLB 3 years Sem 6 BSA and Law of Evidence Apr 2026 - BSA 75/25 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Apr 2026 - BSA 75/25 examination.
The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 replaced the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 on 1 July 2024, but section 170(2) keeps the old Act for every trial, inquiry or appeal pending on that day, and students repeating the subject still sit the Law of Evidence paper. So every answer here gives both sections. Most provisions kept their words but changed their numbers: section 27 of the old Act is now the proviso to section 23(2), section 32 is section 26, and section 65B is section 63, whose certificate is now in the Schedule. The old sections on cession of territory (113) and on questions by jurors or assessors (166) were dropped. Two changes of substance matter in answers. Section 138 now speaks of a conviction on the "corroborated" testimony of an accomplice, where section 133 said a conviction on uncorroborated testimony is not illegal. And the definitions of document and evidence now include electronic and digital records.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Apr 2026 - BSA 75/25 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Apr 2026 - BSA 75/25 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 75 · 21 questions answered
Instructions printed on the paper
- N.B. (1) All questions are compulsory. (2) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Answer the following in not more than two sentences, any six
any 6 of 8 · 12 Marks
(a)Define what is relevant Fact?[2]
Answer
Meaning. A fact is relevant to another fact when the two are connected in a way the law of evidence recognises. Section 2(1)(k) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) defines it: "A fact is said to be relevant to another when it is connected with the other in any of the ways referred to in the provisions of this Adhiniyam relating to the relevancy of facts." Section 3 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA) gave the same definition.
The ways of connection. The Act lists them in sections 4 to 50 of the BSA (sections 6 to 55 of the IEA). Some examples:
- Facts forming part of the same transaction, called res gestae (section 4).
- Motive, preparation and conduct (section 6).
- Admissions and confessions (sections 15 to 25).
- Statements of persons who cannot be called as witnesses, such as a dying declaration (section 26).
- Opinions of experts (section 39).
- Character, in the cases sections 46 to 50 allow.
Relevant fact and fact in issue. A fact in issue is the fact the court must decide, such as whether A killed B. A relevant fact is a fact which helps to prove or disprove a fact in issue. Section 3 of the BSA (section 5 of the IEA) allows evidence of these two kinds of facts "and of no others".
Example. A is tried for poisoning B. The fact that A bought the same poison a week earlier is a relevant fact. It shows preparation under section 6(1).
Legal relevancy. A fact that seems logically connected is still not relevant unless one of these sections declares it relevant. This is called legal relevancy.
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