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October 2025
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
BSc IT · Sem VI
October 2025 - Fundamental of GIS Examination
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BSc IT Sem VI October 2025 Fundamental of GIS Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 4 November 2026.
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Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the October 2025 - Fundamental of GIS examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the October 2025 - Fundamental of GIS examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the October 2025 - Fundamental of GIS examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 75 · 30 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
SECTION I
1.
Attempt any three of the following · 15 Marks
a.Write a short note on Regular and Irregular tessellations.[5]
Answer
For full marks, cover: what a tessellation is, regular tessellations (grid cells, their properties, raster), irregular tessellations (quadtree, TIN, Voronoi), a comparison table and an example of each.
What a tessellation is
A tessellation divides the study area into cells that fill it completely without gaps or overlaps. Each cell holds a value for the phenomenon, such as elevation or land use. Tessellations are the usual way to represent geographic fields, which have a value at every location.
Regular tessellations
In a regular tessellation, all cells have the same shape and size. The square grid is by far the most common; triangles and hexagons are also possible.
- Each cell is identified by its row and column, so its location is implied, not stored.
- Each cell holds one value for the whole cell.
- The cell size is the resolution: smaller cells give more detail but more data.
- A square-grid regular tessellation is a raster, the form of satellite images and scanned maps.
Advantages: simple storage, fast computation, easy overlay of layers with the same grid.
Disadvantages: the same cell size everywhere wastes space where nothing changes, and boundaries become "staircases".
Irregular tessellations
In an irregular tessellation, cells differ in shape and size, adapting to the data. Cells are small where the phenomenon changes quickly and large where it is uniform.
- Region quadtree: the area is split into four quadrants, and each quadrant is split again only where its values are not uniform. Uniform areas stay as large blocks, saving storage.
- Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN): sample points, such as elevation spot heights, are joined into non-overlapping triangles. It is widely used for terrain, because triangles follow slopes and ridges.
- Voronoi (Thiessen) polygons: each polygon holds the area closer to one sample point than to any other.
Advantages: less data for the same detail, and the cells follow the phenomenon.
Disadvantages: more complex structures and computation.
Comparison
| Point | Regular tessellation | Irregular tessellation |
|---|---|---|
| Cell shape and size | all the same | vary with the data |
| Location of a cell | implied by row and column | stored explicitly |
| Data volume | high where data is uniform | adapts, often smaller |
| Typical form | raster grid | quadtree, TIN, Voronoi polygons |
| Example | a satellite image of land cover | a TIN of a hill's elevation |
Conclusion. A tessellation fills the study area with cells without gaps or overlaps. A regular tessellation, usually a square raster grid, uses identical cells that are simple and fast to process. An irregular tessellation, such as a quadtree or a TIN, adapts its cells to the data and saves storage at the cost of complexity.
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