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Criminology and Penology
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
BLS LLB 5 Years · Sem 8
Nov 2017 Examination
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BLS LLB 5 Years Sem 8 Criminology and Penology Nov 2017 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Nov 2017 examination.
The law in these answers is stated as at October 2026. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Sakshya Adhiniyam replaced the IPC, the CrPC and the Evidence Act on 1 July 2024, so older papers that cite the old sections are answered under the new ones. The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 repealed the Act of 2000 (s.111). The Maharashtra Prisons (Furlough and Parole) Rules, 2024 superseded the Rules of 1959, and on 4 May 2026 the Bombay High Court struck down their requirement of one year of actual imprisonment before regular parole (Vinodkumar Chellappan Pillai v. State of Maharashtra). Food adulteration now falls under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, which repealed the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Nov 2017 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Nov 2017 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 3 hours · Total marks 100 · 25 questions answered
Instructions printed on the paper
- N.B: Please check whether you have got the right question paper.
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Answer in not more than two sentences
20 Marks - 2 marks each
(a)What is organized crime?[2]
Answer
Organised crime is crime carried on as a continuing business by a group or syndicate. It uses violence, threats or corruption, and its aim is money or other material gain. Examples are extortion, contract killing, land grabbing, drug and arms trafficking, human trafficking and large frauds.
The law. Section 111(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS) now defines it. Its elements are:
- a continuing unlawful activity, such as kidnapping, robbery, extortion, land grabbing, contract killing, economic offences, cyber-crimes or trafficking;
- carried on by a member of an organised crime syndicate, a group of two or more persons, or on its behalf;
- by violence, threat, intimidation, coercion or other unlawful means;
- to obtain a material benefit, including money.
A "continuing unlawful activity" needs a history. More than one charge-sheet must have been filed against the syndicate within the previous ten years, for cognizable offences punishable with three years or more.
Punishment. Where the organised crime causes a death, the punishment is death or life imprisonment, with a fine of at least ten lakh rupees. In other cases it is five years to life (s.111(2)). Mere membership of a syndicate is itself punishable (s.111(4)). Smaller gang crimes such as pickpocketing and card skimming are petty organised crime under s.112.
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