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- All the notes of all the subjects in Semester 9, as per the latest syllabus 2026.
- Previous year question papers, with full solutions.
- Your own dashboard, where you can track everything you have read, subject by subject.
- Priority access in our MU law student group. The groups are open, so you can send a message any time.
- Valid for one year, 365 days from the day you pay.
- If the University revises the syllabus while your year is running, the notes are rewritten to match and you read the new version at no extra cost. You are never asked to buy the same semester twice.
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Criminal Procedure Code Juvenile Justice and POCSO (Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023)
Official Notes munotes.in
Criminal Procedure Code Juvenile Justice and POCSO (Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023)
B.L.S. LL.B. 5 YEARS · SEMESTER 9
Strictly as per the revised CBCS syllabus of the University of Mumbai, as amended in 2024 for the new criminal laws
For students of the University of Mumbai and all its affiliated law colleges
munotes.in Third Year
Criminal Procedure Code Juvenile Justice and POCSO (Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023)
Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.
Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.
This book is for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.
Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in
The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.
munotes.in is an independent study resource for MU students. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to the University of Mumbai. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.
Contents
Module I
- The Code That Replaced the Code 1
- Definitions under the Sanhita 8
- Classes of Criminal Courts 14
- Executive Magistrates 21
- Public Prosecutors and the Directorate of Prosecution 27
- Which Court May Try What, and What It May Impose 33
- Conferring and Withdrawing the Powers of a Court 39
- Powers of Superior Police Officers, and Aid to the Magistrates 43
- When the Police May Arrest Without a Warrant 49
- Arrest by a Private Person, by a Magistrate, and on Refusal to Give a Name 57
- How an Arrest Is Actually Made 63
- The Rights of an Arrested Person 71
- Search, Seizure and Medical Examination After an Arrest 78
- Summons 85
- Warrants of Arrest 91
- Proclamation and Attachment of Property 98
- Rules Common to Summons and Warrants 105
- Summons to Produce, and the Search Warrant 109
- How a Search Is Conducted, and What May Be Seized 116
Contents continued
Module I continued
- Reciprocal Arrangements for Assistance 124
- Security for Keeping the Peace and for Good Behaviour 132
- The Security Inquiry and What Follows It 138
- Maintenance of Wives, Children and Parents 147
- Dispersal of an Unlawful Assembly 155
- Public Nuisance and the Conditional Order 161
- Urgent Orders in Cases of Nuisance or Apprehended Danger 168
- Disputes About Land and Water 175
- Preventive Action of the Police 182
- The First Information Report 186
- The Powers of the Investigating Officer 195
- Remand, Default Bail and the Police Report 205
- Inquests and Inquiry into the Cause of Death 213
- Where a Case May Be Inquired Into and Tried 219
- Cognizance of Offences 226
- When Cognizance Is Barred, and Sanction Is Needed 231
- Complaints to Magistrates 239
- Issue of Process and Supply of Documents 245
Contents continued
Module II
- The Charge, and What It Must Contain 252
- Joinder of Charges 258
- Trial Before a Court of Session 265
- Trial of Warrant Cases on a Police Report 272
- Trial of Warrant Cases Otherwise Than on a Police Report 277
- Trial of Summons Cases 283
- Summary Trials 289
Module III
- Plea Bargaining 294
- Attendance of Persons Confined in Prison 301
- How Evidence Is Recorded 306
- Commissions for the Examination of Witnesses 313
- Evidence That Needs No Formal Proof 319
- Double Jeopardy, and Who May Conduct the Prosecution 327
- Tender of Pardon to an Accomplice 334
- The Court's General Powers During a Trial 341
- Trial in the Absence of the Accused 349
- Compounding of Offences, and Withdrawal from Prosecution 356
- When a Magistrate Cannot Dispose of the Case 363
Contents continued
Module III continued
- An Accused of Unsound Mind 370
- Offences Affecting the Administration of Justice 379
- The Judgment 388
- Compensation to Victims, and to the Wrongly Accused 396
- Confirmation of a Death Sentence 405
- Who May Appeal, and Against What 410
- How an Appeal Is Heard and Decided 418
- Reference to the High Court 427
- Revision 431
- Transfer of Criminal Cases 438
- Execution of Sentences 445
- Mercy, Remission and Commutation 453
- Bail in Bailable and in Non-Bailable Offences 460
- Anticipatory Bail, and the Special Powers of the Higher Courts 469
- Bonds, Sureties and Forfeiture 475
- Disposal of Property 483
- Irregular Proceedings 491
- Limitation for Taking Cognizance 497
Contents continued
Module III continued
- The Miscellaneous Chapter, and the Inherent Power of the High Court 503
Module IV
- The Juvenile Justice Act: Object, Scheme and Application 509
- Who Is a Child: the Definitions 515
- The General Principles 523
- The Juvenile Justice Board 529
- Apprehension, Bail and the First Steps 537
- Inquiry by the Board and the Preliminary Assessment 545
- Orders the Board May Pass 551
- The Children's Court, and the Child Who Turns Twenty-One 558
- The Child Welfare Committee 565
- The Child in Need of Care and Protection 572
- Rehabilitation and Social Re-integration 580
- The Institutions 588
- Adoption 596
- The Adoption Agencies and the Authority 604
- Offences Against Children 611
- How Those Offences Are Tried 619
Contents continued
Module IV continued
- Age, Appeals and Revision 624
- The Machinery: Fund, Police and Monitoring 633
- The POCSO Act: Object, Scheme and Definitions 639
- Penetrative Sexual Assault and Its Aggravated Form 645
- Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment 652
- Using a Child for Pornographic Purposes 658
- Abetment and Attempt 664
- Reporting a POCSO Offence 669
- Recording the Child's Statement and Medical Examination 676
- The Special Court and the Presumptions 681
- How a Special Court Conducts the Trial 687
- The Miscellaneous Chapter of POCSO 694
Page 1 onwards
699 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.
- Notes
- 2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 699 pages.
- Papers
- Previous year question paper solutions. Revised edition 2026. 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026
Every chapter in the notes: 102 chapters across 4 modules
Module I 37 chapters
- 1 The Code That Replaced the Code pages 1 to 7
- 2 Definitions under the Sanhita pages 8 to 13
- 3 Classes of Criminal Courts pages 14 to 20
- 4 Executive Magistrates pages 21 to 26
- 5 Public Prosecutors and the Directorate of Prosecution pages 27 to 32
- 6 Which Court May Try What, and What It May Impose pages 33 to 38
- 7 Conferring and Withdrawing the Powers of a Court pages 39 to 42
- 8 Powers of Superior Police Officers, and Aid to the Magistrates pages 43 to 48
- 9 When the Police May Arrest Without a Warrant pages 49 to 56
- 10 Arrest by a Private Person, by a Magistrate, and on Refusal to Give a Name pages 57 to 62
- 11 How an Arrest Is Actually Made pages 63 to 70
- 12 The Rights of an Arrested Person pages 71 to 77
- 13 Search, Seizure and Medical Examination After an Arrest pages 78 to 84
- 14 Summons pages 85 to 90
- 15 Warrants of Arrest pages 91 to 97
- 16 Proclamation and Attachment of Property pages 98 to 104
- 17 Rules Common to Summons and Warrants pages 105 to 108
- 18 Summons to Produce, and the Search Warrant pages 109 to 115
- 19 How a Search Is Conducted, and What May Be Seized pages 116 to 123
- 20 Reciprocal Arrangements for Assistance pages 124 to 131
- 21 Security for Keeping the Peace and for Good Behaviour pages 132 to 137
- 22 The Security Inquiry and What Follows It pages 138 to 146
- 23 Maintenance of Wives, Children and Parents pages 147 to 154
- 24 Dispersal of an Unlawful Assembly pages 155 to 160
- 25 Public Nuisance and the Conditional Order pages 161 to 167
- 26 Urgent Orders in Cases of Nuisance or Apprehended Danger pages 168 to 174
- 27 Disputes About Land and Water pages 175 to 181
- 28 Preventive Action of the Police pages 182 to 185
- 29 The First Information Report pages 186 to 194
- 30 The Powers of the Investigating Officer pages 195 to 204
- 31 Remand, Default Bail and the Police Report pages 205 to 212
- 32 Inquests and Inquiry into the Cause of Death pages 213 to 218
- 33 Where a Case May Be Inquired Into and Tried pages 219 to 225
- 34 Cognizance of Offences pages 226 to 230
- 35 When Cognizance Is Barred, and Sanction Is Needed pages 231 to 238
- 36 Complaints to Magistrates pages 239 to 244
- 37 Issue of Process and Supply of Documents pages 245 to 251
Module II 7 chapters
- 38 The Charge, and What It Must Contain pages 252 to 257
- 39 Joinder of Charges pages 258 to 264
- 40 Trial Before a Court of Session pages 265 to 271
- 41 Trial of Warrant Cases on a Police Report pages 272 to 276
- 42 Trial of Warrant Cases Otherwise Than on a Police Report pages 277 to 282
- 43 Trial of Summons Cases pages 283 to 288
- 44 Summary Trials pages 289 to 293
Module III 30 chapters
- 45 Plea Bargaining pages 294 to 300
- 46 Attendance of Persons Confined in Prison pages 301 to 305
- 47 How Evidence Is Recorded pages 306 to 312
- 48 Commissions for the Examination of Witnesses pages 313 to 318
- 49 Evidence That Needs No Formal Proof pages 319 to 326
- 50 Double Jeopardy, and Who May Conduct the Prosecution pages 327 to 333
- 51 Tender of Pardon to an Accomplice pages 334 to 340
- 52 The Court's General Powers During a Trial pages 341 to 348
- 53 Trial in the Absence of the Accused pages 349 to 355
- 54 Compounding of Offences, and Withdrawal from Prosecution pages 356 to 362
- 55 When a Magistrate Cannot Dispose of the Case pages 363 to 369
- 56 An Accused of Unsound Mind pages 370 to 378
- 57 Offences Affecting the Administration of Justice pages 379 to 387
- 58 The Judgment pages 388 to 395
- 59 Compensation to Victims, and to the Wrongly Accused pages 396 to 404
- 60 Confirmation of a Death Sentence pages 405 to 409
- 61 Who May Appeal, and Against What pages 410 to 417
- 62 How an Appeal Is Heard and Decided pages 418 to 426
- 63 Reference to the High Court pages 427 to 430
- 64 Revision pages 431 to 437
- 65 Transfer of Criminal Cases pages 438 to 444
- 66 Execution of Sentences pages 445 to 452
- 67 Mercy, Remission and Commutation pages 453 to 459
- 68 Bail in Bailable and in Non-Bailable Offences pages 460 to 468
- 69 Anticipatory Bail, and the Special Powers of the Higher Courts pages 469 to 474
- 70 Bonds, Sureties and Forfeiture pages 475 to 482
- 71 Disposal of Property pages 483 to 490
- 72 Irregular Proceedings pages 491 to 496
- 73 Limitation for Taking Cognizance pages 497 to 502
- 74 The Miscellaneous Chapter, and the Inherent Power of the High Court pages 503 to 508
Module IV 28 chapters
- 75 The Juvenile Justice Act: Object, Scheme and Application pages 509 to 514
- 76 Who Is a Child: the Definitions pages 515 to 522
- 77 The General Principles pages 523 to 528
- 78 The Juvenile Justice Board pages 529 to 536
- 79 Apprehension, Bail and the First Steps pages 537 to 544
- 80 Inquiry by the Board and the Preliminary Assessment pages 545 to 550
- 81 Orders the Board May Pass pages 551 to 557
- 82 The Children's Court, and the Child Who Turns Twenty-One pages 558 to 564
- 83 The Child Welfare Committee pages 565 to 571
- 84 The Child in Need of Care and Protection pages 572 to 579
- 85 Rehabilitation and Social Re-integration pages 580 to 587
- 86 The Institutions pages 588 to 595
- 87 Adoption pages 596 to 603
- 88 The Adoption Agencies and the Authority pages 604 to 610
- 89 Offences Against Children pages 611 to 618
- 90 How Those Offences Are Tried pages 619 to 623
- 91 Age, Appeals and Revision pages 624 to 632
- 92 The Machinery: Fund, Police and Monitoring pages 633 to 638
- 93 The POCSO Act: Object, Scheme and Definitions pages 639 to 644
- 94 Penetrative Sexual Assault and Its Aggravated Form pages 645 to 651
- 95 Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment pages 652 to 657
- 96 Using a Child for Pornographic Purposes pages 658 to 663
- 97 Abetment and Attempt pages 664 to 668
- 98 Reporting a POCSO Offence pages 669 to 675
- 99 Recording the Child's Statement and Medical Examination pages 676 to 680
- 100 The Special Court and the Presumptions pages 681 to 686
- 101 How a Special Court Conducts the Trial pages 687 to 693
- 102 The Miscellaneous Chapter of POCSO pages 694 to 699
Every paper that is solved: 33 papers
- Apr 2026 - BNSS 75/25
- Apr 2026 - CrPC 60/40
- Apr 2025 - BNSS 75/25
- Apr 2025 - CrPC 60/40
- Dec 2025 - BNSS 60/40
- Dec 2025 - BNSS 75/25
- Dec 2025 - CrPC 60/40
- Dec 2024 - BNSS 60/40
- Dec 2024 - BNSS 75/25
- Jun 2024 - CrPC 60/40
- Dec 2023 - CrPC 60/40
- May 2023 - CrPC 100
- May 2023 - CrPC 60/40
- Dec 2022 - CrPC 100
- Dec 2022 - CrPC 60/40
- May 2022 - CrPC
- Dec 2019 - CrPC
- Jan 2019 - CrPC
- May 2019 - CrPC
- Jun 2018 - CrPC
- Dec 2017 - CrPC
- May 2017 - CrPC
- May 2016 - CrPC
- Nov 2016 - CrPC
- Nov 2015 - CrPC
- Apr 2014 - CrPC
- Nov 2014 - CrPC
- Nov 2013 - CrPC
- Dec 2012 - CrPC
- May 2012 - CrPC
- Apr 2011 - CrPC
- Nov 2011 - CrPC
- Nov 2010 - CrPC
-
Labour Law and Industrial Relations II
Official Notes munotes.in
Labour Law and Industrial Relations II
B.L.S. LL.B. 5 YEARS · SEMESTER 9
Strictly as per the revised CBCS syllabus of the University of Mumbai
For students of the University of Mumbai and all its affiliated law colleges
munotes.in Third Year
Labour Law and Industrial Relations II
Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.
Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.
This book is for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.
Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in
The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.
munotes.in is an independent study resource for MU students. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to the University of Mumbai. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.
Contents
Module I SOCIAL SECURITY: Code on Social Security, 2020
- Object and Salient Features of the Code 1
- Definitions under the Social Security Code 10
- Registration and Cancellation of an Establishment 20
- The Social Security Organisations 24
- Working of the Social Security Organisations 31
- Employees Provident Fund: The Three Schemes 38
- Provident Fund Contributions and Accounts 44
- The Employees State Insurance Corporation 52
- ESI Coverage and Contributions 59
- The Six ESI Benefits 65
- Employment Injury and Occupational Disease 74
- ESI Enforcement and Schemes for Others 83
- The Employees Insurance Court 89
- Gratuity: Entitlement and Continuous Service 96
- Gratuity: Nomination, Determination and Recovery 104
- The Right to Maternity Benefit 111
- Medical Bonus, Miscarriage, Nursing Breaks and Creche 119
- Protection of Employment During Maternity 124
Contents continued
Module II EMPLOYEE’S COMPENSATION: Code on Social Security, 2020
- Employees Compensation: The Key Concepts 131
- Employer's Liability for Compensation 139
- The Amount of Compensation 149
- Review, Commutation and Distribution of Compensation 157
- Notice, Claim and Medical Examination 165
- Contracting, Strangers and Insolvency of the Employer 173
- The Competent Authority and Appeals 181
- The Building and Construction Workers Cess 191
- Building Workers as Beneficiaries and the Welfare Fund 197
- Social Security for Unorganised Workers 203
- Gig Workers and Platform Workers 209
- Inspector-cum-Facilitators, Records and Wages 217
- Assessment, Determination and Appeal 224
- Damages and Recovery of Amounts Due 231
- Offences and Penalties under the Social Security Code 238
- Employment Information and Monitoring 246
- Finance and Accounts of the Organisations 251
- The Social Security Fund, Aadhaar and Exemptions 257
- Transfer, Good Faith, Misuse and Transitional Provisions 264
Contents continued
Module II continued EMPLOYEE’S COMPENSATION: Code on Social Security, 2020
- Rules, Overriding Effect and the Repeals 272
Module III THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, HEALTH AND WORKING CONDITIONS CODE, 2020
- Object and Salient Features of the OSH Code 281
- Definitions under the OSH Code 288
- Registration of Establishments 296
- Duties of the Employer 303
- Duties of Designers, Manufacturers and Architects 309
- Notices of Accidents, Dangerous Occurrences and Diseases 315
- Duties and Rights of the Employee 321
- The National and State OSH Advisory Boards 327
- Safety and Health Standards, Research and Committees 332
- The Employer's Responsibility for Health, Safety and Working Conditions 339
- Welfare Facilities in the Establishment 344
- Hours of Work, Holidays and Overtime 350
- Night Shifts, Overlapping Shifts and Double Employment 357
- Notice of Periods of Work and Annual Leave with Wages 362
- Registers, Records and Returns 368
- Inspector-cum-Facilitators: Appointment and Powers 373
Contents continued
Module III continued THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, HEALTH AND WORKING CONDITIONS CODE, 2020
- Third Party Audit, Special Powers and Secrecy 379
- Special Officers for Mines and Medical Officers 387
- Employment of Women under the OSH Code 392
Module IV SPECIAL PROVISION FOR CONTRACT LABOUR AND INTER-STATE MIGRANT WORKER, ETC ( OSH Code)
- Contract Labour: Application and the Designated Authority 398
- Licensing of Contractors 405
- The Principal Employer's Liability 414
- Prohibition of Contract Labour in Core Activities 421
- Inter-State Migrant Workers 430
- Helpline, Study and Past Liabilities 440
- Audio-Visual Workers 446
- Mines: Managers, Exclusions, Young Persons and Rescue Services 454
- Beedi and Cigar Workers 464
- Building and Other Construction Workers under the OSH Code 473
- Factories: Approval, Licensing and the Occupier 481
- Hazardous Processes and Dangerous Operations 491
- The Right to Warn of Imminent Danger, and Appeals 502
- Plantations 510
Contents continued
Module IV continued SPECIAL PROVISION FOR CONTRACT LABOUR AND INTER-STATE MIGRANT WORKER, ETC ( OSH Code)
- General Penalties and Obstruction 518
- Punishments for Contravention, Falsification and Disclosure 525
- Accidents, Mines Offences and Offences by Companies 534
- Limitation, Jurisdiction and Composition of Offences 546
- The Social Security Fund under the OSH Code 557
- Delegation, Onus of Proof and Common Licences 563
- Overriding Effect, Inquiries and the Bar on Civil Courts 571
- Exemptions and the Power to Amend the Schedules 581
- Rules, Regulations, Bye-laws and the OSH Repeals 591
Page 1 onwards
602 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.
- Notes
- 2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 602 pages.
- Papers
- Previous year question paper solutions. Revised edition 2026. 2024, 2025, 2026
Every chapter in the notes: 80 chapters across 4 modules
Module I. SOCIAL SECURITY, Code on Social Security, 2020 18 chapters
- 1 Object and Salient Features of the Code pages 1 to 9
- 2 Definitions under the Social Security Code pages 10 to 19
- 3 Registration and Cancellation of an Establishment pages 20 to 23
- 4 The Social Security Organisations pages 24 to 30
- 5 Working of the Social Security Organisations pages 31 to 37
- 6 Employees Provident Fund: The Three Schemes pages 38 to 43
- 7 Provident Fund Contributions and Accounts pages 44 to 51
- 8 The Employees State Insurance Corporation pages 52 to 58
- 9 ESI Coverage and Contributions pages 59 to 64
- 10 The Six ESI Benefits pages 65 to 73
- 11 Employment Injury and Occupational Disease pages 74 to 82
- 12 ESI Enforcement and Schemes for Others pages 83 to 88
- 13 The Employees Insurance Court pages 89 to 95
- 14 Gratuity: Entitlement and Continuous Service pages 96 to 103
- 15 Gratuity: Nomination, Determination and Recovery pages 104 to 110
- 16 The Right to Maternity Benefit pages 111 to 118
- 17 Medical Bonus, Miscarriage, Nursing Breaks and Creche pages 119 to 123
- 18 Protection of Employment During Maternity pages 124 to 130
Module II. EMPLOYEE'S COMPENSATION, Code on Social Security, 2020 20 chapters
- 19 Employees Compensation: The Key Concepts pages 131 to 138
- 20 Employer's Liability for Compensation pages 139 to 148
- 21 The Amount of Compensation pages 149 to 156
- 22 Review, Commutation and Distribution of Compensation pages 157 to 164
- 23 Notice, Claim and Medical Examination pages 165 to 172
- 24 Contracting, Strangers and Insolvency of the Employer pages 173 to 180
- 25 The Competent Authority and Appeals pages 181 to 190
- 26 The Building and Construction Workers Cess pages 191 to 196
- 27 Building Workers as Beneficiaries and the Welfare Fund pages 197 to 202
- 28 Social Security for Unorganised Workers pages 203 to 208
- 29 Gig Workers and Platform Workers pages 209 to 216
- 30 Inspector-cum-Facilitators, Records and Wages pages 217 to 223
- 31 Assessment, Determination and Appeal pages 224 to 230
- 32 Damages and Recovery of Amounts Due pages 231 to 237
- 33 Offences and Penalties under the Social Security Code pages 238 to 245
- 34 Employment Information and Monitoring pages 246 to 250
- 35 Finance and Accounts of the Organisations pages 251 to 256
- 36 The Social Security Fund, Aadhaar and Exemptions pages 257 to 263
- 37 Transfer, Good Faith, Misuse and Transitional Provisions pages 264 to 271
- 38 Rules, Overriding Effect and the Repeals pages 272 to 280
Module III. THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, HEALTH AND WORKING CONDITIONS CODE, 2020 19 chapters
- 39 Object and Salient Features of the OSH Code pages 281 to 287
- 40 Definitions under the OSH Code pages 288 to 295
- 41 Registration of Establishments pages 296 to 302
- 42 Duties of the Employer pages 303 to 308
- 43 Duties of Designers, Manufacturers and Architects pages 309 to 314
- 44 Notices of Accidents, Dangerous Occurrences and Diseases pages 315 to 320
- 45 Duties and Rights of the Employee pages 321 to 326
- 46 The National and State OSH Advisory Boards pages 327 to 331
- 47 Safety and Health Standards, Research and Committees pages 332 to 338
- 48 The Employer's Responsibility for Health, Safety and Working Conditions pages 339 to 343
- 49 Welfare Facilities in the Establishment pages 344 to 349
- 50 Hours of Work, Holidays and Overtime pages 350 to 356
- 51 Night Shifts, Overlapping Shifts and Double Employment pages 357 to 361
- 52 Notice of Periods of Work and Annual Leave with Wages pages 362 to 367
- 53 Registers, Records and Returns pages 368 to 372
- 54 Inspector-cum-Facilitators: Appointment and Powers pages 373 to 378
- 55 Third Party Audit, Special Powers and Secrecy pages 379 to 386
- 56 Special Officers for Mines and Medical Officers pages 387 to 391
- 57 Employment of Women under the OSH Code pages 392 to 397
Module IV. SPECIAL PROVISION FOR CONTRACT LABOUR AND INTER-STATE MIGRANT WORKER, ETC ( OSH Code) 23 chapters
- 58 Contract Labour: Application and the Designated Authority pages 398 to 404
- 59 Licensing of Contractors pages 405 to 413
- 60 The Principal Employer's Liability pages 414 to 420
- 61 Prohibition of Contract Labour in Core Activities pages 421 to 429
- 62 Inter-State Migrant Workers pages 430 to 439
- 63 Helpline, Study and Past Liabilities pages 440 to 445
- 64 Audio-Visual Workers pages 446 to 453
- 65 Mines: Managers, Exclusions, Young Persons and Rescue Services pages 454 to 463
- 66 Beedi and Cigar Workers pages 464 to 472
- 67 Building and Other Construction Workers under the OSH Code pages 473 to 480
- 68 Factories: Approval, Licensing and the Occupier pages 481 to 490
- 69 Hazardous Processes and Dangerous Operations pages 491 to 501
- 70 The Right to Warn of Imminent Danger, and Appeals pages 502 to 509
- 71 Plantations pages 510 to 517
- 72 General Penalties and Obstruction pages 518 to 524
- 73 Punishments for Contravention, Falsification and Disclosure pages 525 to 533
- 74 Accidents, Mines Offences and Offences by Companies pages 534 to 545
- 75 Limitation, Jurisdiction and Composition of Offences pages 546 to 556
- 76 The Social Security Fund under the OSH Code pages 557 to 562
- 77 Delegation, Onus of Proof and Common Licences pages 563 to 570
- 78 Overriding Effect, Inquiries and the Bar on Civil Courts pages 571 to 580
- 79 Exemptions and the Power to Amend the Schedules pages 581 to 590
- 80 Rules, Regulations, Bye-laws and the OSH Repeals pages 591 to 602
Every paper that is solved: 3 papers
- Apr 2026 - 75/25
- Dec 2025 - 75/25
- Nov 2024 - 75/25
-
Public International Law
Official Notes munotes.in
Public International Law
B.L.S. LL.B. 5 YEARS · SEMESTER 9
Strictly as per the revised CBCS syllabus of the University of Mumbai
For students of the University of Mumbai and all its affiliated law colleges
munotes.in Third Year
Public International Law
Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.
Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.
This book is for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.
Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in
The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.
munotes.in is an independent study resource for MU students. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to the University of Mumbai. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.
Contents
Module I
- What International Law Is, and Where It Came From 1
- Defining International Law 12
- Is International Law Really Law? 19
- Theories of the Basis of International Law 26
- Subjects of International Law 33
- Nationality 40
- Double Nationality and Statelessness 48
- Nationality and Citizenship Distinguished 55
- The Sources of International Law 61
- Custom 67
- Treaties as a Source 75
- General Principles of Law Recognised by Civilised Nations 82
- Judicial Decisions and the Writings of Jurists 88
- Equity 94
- Resolutions of the General Assembly 100
- International Law and Municipal Law 106
- International Law in Indian Courts 112
- Recognition of States 118
- Recognition of Governments 125
- Modes and Legal Effects of Recognition 130
Contents continued
Module II
- State Territory 136
- Acquisition of State Territory 142
- Loss of State Territory 150
- State Succession 156
- State Jurisdiction 162
- Immunity from Jurisdiction 170
- Extradition 178
- Asylum 185
- State Responsibility 192
- Circumstances Precluding Wrongfulness, and Reparation 200
- Treatment of Aliens and Diplomatic Protection 209
- The Law of the Sea 216
- Baselines and the Territorial Sea 222
- Innocent Passage, and Straits 230
- The Contiguous Zone 239
- The Continental Shelf 244
- The Exclusive Economic Zone 251
- The High Seas 259
- Delimitation of Maritime Boundaries 271
Contents continued
Module II continued
- Republic of Italy v. Union of India 278
- The Bay of Bengal Maritime Boundary Arbitration 285
- The Common Heritage of Mankind 291
- The Area, and the Parallel System of Mining 298
Module III
- What a Treaty Is, and Its Kinds 306
- Making a Treaty: From Full Powers to Entry Into Force 312
- Reservations to Treaties 321
- Interpretation of Treaties 329
- Rights and Duties of the Parties, and Third States 336
- Validity of Treaties, and Jus Cogens 344
- Termination and Suspension of Treaties 353
- The United Nations: Purposes, Principles and Membership 362
- The General Assembly 371
- The Security Council: Composition, Voting and the Veto 379
- Pacific Settlement of Disputes 386
- The Use of Force and Collective Security 393
- The Economic and Social Council 402
- The International Court of Justice 410
Contents continued
Module III continued
- The Secretariat and the Secretary-General 422
- The Trusteeship System and the Trusteeship Council 429
- The International Labour Organisation 438
- The World Trade Organization 449
- Amnesty International and Non-Governmental Organisations 460
- UNESCO 467
- UNICEF 478
- UNDP and UNEP 486
Module IV Contemporary and Allied Laws under International Laws:
- The World Health Organization 495
- Global Health Law and Communicable Diseases 507
- The International Health Regulations 517
- General Principles of International Trade Law 533
- UNCITRAL and International Commercial Arbitration 542
- Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 555
- TRIPS 565
- International Air Law 580
- International Space Law 598
Page 1 onwards
615 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.
- Notes
- 2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 615 pages.
- Papers
- Previous year question paper solutions. Revised edition 2026. 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026
Every chapter in the notes: 74 chapters across 4 modules
Module I 20 chapters
- 1 What International Law Is, and Where It Came From pages 1 to 11
- 2 Defining International Law pages 12 to 18
- 3 Is International Law Really Law? pages 19 to 25
- 4 Theories of the Basis of International Law pages 26 to 32
- 5 Subjects of International Law pages 33 to 39
- 6 Nationality pages 40 to 47
- 7 Double Nationality and Statelessness pages 48 to 54
- 8 Nationality and Citizenship Distinguished pages 55 to 60
- 9 The Sources of International Law pages 61 to 66
- 10 Custom pages 67 to 74
- 11 Treaties as a Source pages 75 to 81
- 12 General Principles of Law Recognised by Civilised Nations pages 82 to 87
- 13 Judicial Decisions and the Writings of Jurists pages 88 to 93
- 14 Equity pages 94 to 99
- 15 Resolutions of the General Assembly pages 100 to 105
- 16 International Law and Municipal Law pages 106 to 111
- 17 International Law in Indian Courts pages 112 to 117
- 18 Recognition of States pages 118 to 124
- 19 Recognition of Governments pages 125 to 129
- 20 Modes and Legal Effects of Recognition pages 130 to 135
Module II 23 chapters
- 21 State Territory pages 136 to 141
- 22 Acquisition of State Territory pages 142 to 149
- 23 Loss of State Territory pages 150 to 155
- 24 State Succession pages 156 to 161
- 25 State Jurisdiction pages 162 to 169
- 26 Immunity from Jurisdiction pages 170 to 177
- 27 Extradition pages 178 to 184
- 28 Asylum pages 185 to 191
- 29 State Responsibility pages 192 to 199
- 30 Circumstances Precluding Wrongfulness, and Reparation pages 200 to 208
- 31 Treatment of Aliens and Diplomatic Protection pages 209 to 215
- 32 The Law of the Sea pages 216 to 221
- 33 Baselines and the Territorial Sea pages 222 to 229
- 34 Innocent Passage, and Straits pages 230 to 238
- 35 The Contiguous Zone pages 239 to 243
- 36 The Continental Shelf pages 244 to 250
- 37 The Exclusive Economic Zone pages 251 to 258
- 38 The High Seas pages 259 to 270
- 39 Delimitation of Maritime Boundaries pages 271 to 277
- 40 Republic of Italy v. Union of India pages 278 to 284
- 41 The Bay of Bengal Maritime Boundary Arbitration pages 285 to 290
- 42 The Common Heritage of Mankind pages 291 to 297
- 43 The Area, and the Parallel System of Mining pages 298 to 305
Module III 22 chapters
- 44 What a Treaty Is, and Its Kinds pages 306 to 311
- 45 Making a Treaty: From Full Powers to Entry Into Force pages 312 to 320
- 46 Reservations to Treaties pages 321 to 328
- 47 Interpretation of Treaties pages 329 to 335
- 48 Rights and Duties of the Parties, and Third States pages 336 to 343
- 49 Validity of Treaties, and Jus Cogens pages 344 to 352
- 50 Termination and Suspension of Treaties pages 353 to 361
- 51 The United Nations: Purposes, Principles and Membership pages 362 to 370
- 52 The General Assembly pages 371 to 378
- 53 The Security Council: Composition, Voting and the Veto pages 379 to 385
- 54 Pacific Settlement of Disputes pages 386 to 392
- 55 The Use of Force and Collective Security pages 393 to 401
- 56 The Economic and Social Council pages 402 to 409
- 57 The International Court of Justice pages 410 to 421
- 58 The Secretariat and the Secretary-General pages 422 to 428
- 59 The Trusteeship System and the Trusteeship Council pages 429 to 437
- 60 The International Labour Organisation pages 438 to 448
- 61 The World Trade Organization pages 449 to 459
- 62 Amnesty International and Non-Governmental Organisations pages 460 to 466
- 63 UNESCO pages 467 to 477
- 64 UNICEF pages 478 to 485
- 65 UNDP and UNEP pages 486 to 494
Module IV Contemporary and Allied Laws under International Laws: 9 chapters
- 66 The World Health Organization pages 495 to 506
- 67 Global Health Law and Communicable Diseases pages 507 to 516
- 68 The International Health Regulations pages 517 to 532
- 69 General Principles of International Trade Law pages 533 to 541
- 70 UNCITRAL and International Commercial Arbitration pages 542 to 554
- 71 Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards pages 555 to 564
- 72 TRIPS pages 565 to 579
- 73 International Air Law pages 580 to 597
- 74 International Space Law pages 598 to 615
Every paper that is solved: 30 papers
- Apr 2026 - 60/40
- Apr 2026 - 75/25
- Apr 2025 - 60/40
- Apr 2025 - 75/25
- Dec 2025 - 60/40
- Dec 2025 - 75/25
- Jun 2024 - 60/40
- Nov 2024 - 60/40
- Nov 2024 - 75/25
- Dec 2023 - 60/40
- Jun 2023 - 60/40
- 2021-22
- Dec 2022 - 60/40
- Dec 2019
- Jan 2019
- May 2019
- Jan 2018
- Jun 2018
- May 2017
- Apr 2016
- Dec 2016
- Nov 2015
- Apr 2014
- Dec 2014
- Nov 2013
- Dec 2012
- May 2012
- Apr 2011
- Nov 2011
- Nov 2010
-
Civil Procedure Code and Limitation Act
Official Notes munotes.in
Civil Procedure Code and Limitation Act
B.L.S. LL.B. 5 YEARS · SEMESTER 9
Strictly as per the revised CBCS syllabus of the University of Mumbai
For students of the University of Mumbai and all its affiliated law colleges
munotes.in Third Year
Civil Procedure Code and Limitation Act
Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.
Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.
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Contents
Module I Introduction (Section 2-Section 25)
- Definitions 1
- Jurisdiction of Civil Courts 7
- Res Sub Judice 12
- Res Judicata 16
- Bar to Further Suit 31
- Foreign Judgments 36
- Place of Suing 43
- Objections to Jurisdiction 48
- Transfer of Suits 53
- Essentials of a Suit and Cause of Action 57
- Set-off and Counterclaim 61
Module II Of suits (Section 26-Section35, Order I-Order XX)
- Parties to a Suit 66
- Death, Marriage and Insolvency of Parties 72
- Institution of a Suit and Summons 78
- Pleadings 84
- The Plaint 88
- The Written Statement 94
- Appearance and Consequences of Non-appearance 100
Contents continued
Module II continued Of suits (Section 26-Section35, Order I-Order XX)
- Examination of Parties, Interrogatories, Discovery, Inspection and Admissions 106
- Framing of Issues and Disposal at the First Hearing 113
- Trial, Witnesses and Evidence 118
- Judgment and Decree 123
- Costs 128
- Withdrawal and Adjustment of Suits 134
- Suits by and against the Government and Public Officers 139
- Suits by and against Minors, Corporations, Firms and Others 144
- Suits by Indigent Persons 151
- Suits Relating to Mortgages of Immovable Property 157
Module III Execution and other procedures (Orders XXI)
- Meaning of Execution and the Court which Executes 163
- Transfer of a Decree for Execution 168
- Questions to be Determined by the Executing Court 173
- Mode of Execution and Stay of Execution 178
- Arrest and Detention in Execution 185
- Attachment of Property 191
- Sale in Execution 200
Contents continued
Module III continued Execution and other procedures (Orders XXI)
- Resistance to Delivery of Possession 208
- Attachment before Judgment 214
- Payment into Court and Security for Costs 220
- Commissions 226
- Temporary Injunctions and Interim Orders 233
- Interpleader Suits 240
- Special Case 246
- Summary Procedure 251
- Settlement of Disputes Outside the Court 257
Module IV Receivers, Appeals and other procedures and Law of Limitation
- Appointment of Receivers 262
- Appeals from Original Decrees 268
- Appeals from Appellate Decrees 277
- Appeals from Orders 282
- Appeals to the Supreme Court 287
- Reference, Review and Revision 292
- Inherent Powers, Caveat and Miscellaneous 300
- Affidavits and Exemption from Personal Appearance 307
- Chartered High Courts and Small Cause Courts 313
Contents continued
Module IV continued Receivers, Appeals and other procedures and Law of Limitation
- Object and Features of the Limitation Act 1963 319
- Bar of Limitation and Condonation of Delay 326
- Legal Disability 331
- Computation of the Period of Limitation 337
- Effect of Acknowledgment and Part Payment 344
- Acquisition of Ownership by Possession 350
- The Schedule: How to Find a Period of Limitation 358
Page 1 onwards
365 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.
- Notes
- 2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 365 pages.
- Papers
- Previous year question paper solutions. Revised edition 2026. 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026
Every chapter in the notes: 60 chapters across 4 modules
Module I. Introduction (Section 2 to Section 25) 11 chapters
- 1 Definitions pages 1 to 6
- 2 Jurisdiction of Civil Courts pages 7 to 11
- 3 Res Sub Judice pages 12 to 15
- 4 Res Judicata pages 16 to 30
- 5 Bar to Further Suit pages 31 to 35
- 6 Foreign Judgments pages 36 to 42
- 7 Place of Suing pages 43 to 47
- 8 Objections to Jurisdiction pages 48 to 52
- 9 Transfer of Suits pages 53 to 56
- 10 Essentials of a Suit and Cause of Action pages 57 to 60
- 11 Set-off and Counterclaim pages 61 to 65
Module II. Of suits (Section 26 to Section 35, Order I to Order XX) 17 chapters
- 12 Parties to a Suit pages 66 to 71
- 13 Death, Marriage and Insolvency of Parties pages 72 to 77
- 14 Institution of a Suit and Summons pages 78 to 83
- 15 Pleadings pages 84 to 87
- 16 The Plaint pages 88 to 93
- 17 The Written Statement pages 94 to 99
- 18 Appearance and Consequences of Non-appearance pages 100 to 105
- 19 Examination of Parties, Interrogatories, Discovery, Inspection and Admissions pages 106 to 112
- 20 Framing of Issues and Disposal at the First Hearing pages 113 to 117
- 21 Trial, Witnesses and Evidence pages 118 to 122
- 22 Judgment and Decree pages 123 to 127
- 23 Costs pages 128 to 133
- 24 Withdrawal and Adjustment of Suits pages 134 to 138
- 25 Suits by and against the Government and Public Officers pages 139 to 143
- 26 Suits by and against Minors, Corporations, Firms and Others pages 144 to 150
- 27 Suits by Indigent Persons pages 151 to 156
- 28 Suits Relating to Mortgages of Immovable Property pages 157 to 162
Module III. Execution and other procedures (Order XXI) 16 chapters
- 29 Meaning of Execution and the Court which Executes pages 163 to 167
- 30 Transfer of a Decree for Execution pages 168 to 172
- 31 Questions to be Determined by the Executing Court pages 173 to 177
- 32 Mode of Execution and Stay of Execution pages 178 to 184
- 33 Arrest and Detention in Execution pages 185 to 190
- 34 Attachment of Property pages 191 to 199
- 35 Sale in Execution pages 200 to 207
- 36 Resistance to Delivery of Possession pages 208 to 213
- 37 Attachment before Judgment pages 214 to 219
- 38 Payment into Court and Security for Costs pages 220 to 225
- 39 Commissions pages 226 to 232
- 40 Temporary Injunctions and Interim Orders pages 233 to 239
- 41 Interpleader Suits pages 240 to 245
- 42 Special Case pages 246 to 250
- 43 Summary Procedure pages 251 to 256
- 44 Settlement of Disputes Outside the Court pages 257 to 261
Module IV. Receivers, Appeals and other procedures and Law of Limitation 16 chapters
- 45 Appointment of Receivers pages 262 to 267
- 46 Appeals from Original Decrees pages 268 to 276
- 47 Appeals from Appellate Decrees pages 277 to 281
- 48 Appeals from Orders pages 282 to 286
- 49 Appeals to the Supreme Court pages 287 to 291
- 50 Reference, Review and Revision pages 292 to 299
- 51 Inherent Powers, Caveat and Miscellaneous pages 300 to 306
- 52 Affidavits and Exemption from Personal Appearance pages 307 to 312
- 53 Chartered High Courts and Small Cause Courts pages 313 to 318
- 54 Object and Features of the Limitation Act 1963 pages 319 to 325
- 55 Bar of Limitation and Condonation of Delay pages 326 to 330
- 56 Legal Disability pages 331 to 336
- 57 Computation of the Period of Limitation pages 337 to 343
- 58 Effect of Acknowledgment and Part Payment pages 344 to 349
- 59 Acquisition of Ownership by Possession pages 350 to 357
- 60 The Schedule: How to Find a Period of Limitation pages 358 to 365
Every paper that is solved: 30 papers
- Apr 2026 - 60/40
- Apr 2026 - 75/25
- Apr 2025 - 60/40
- Dec 2025 - 60/40
- Dec 2025 - 75/25
- Jun 2024 - 60/40
- Nov 2024 - 60/40
- Nov 2024 - 75/25
- Dec 2023
- 2021-22
- Nov 2022 - 100
- Nov 2022 - 60/40
- Nov 2022 - Set 2 60/40
- Dec 2019
- Jan 2019
- May 2019
- Jun 2018
- Dec 2017
- May 2017
- Apr 2016
- Apr 2015
- Nov 2015
- Apr 2014
- Dec 2014
- Nov 2013
- May 2012
- Nov 2012
- Apr 2011
- Nov 2011
- Nov 2010
-
Interpretation of Statutes
- Papers
- Previous year question paper solutions. These papers are from an older syllabus of this course. There are no notes for them. 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026
Every paper that is solved: 28 papers
- Apr 2026 - 60/40
- Apr 2025 - 60/40
- Dec 2025 - 60/40
- Jun 2024 - 60/40
- Nov 2024 - 60/40
- Dec 2023 - 60/40
- Mar 2023 - 100
- May 2023 - 60/40
- 2021-22
- Dec 2022 - 100
- Dec 2022 - 60/40
- Dec 2019
- Jan 2019
- May 2019
- Jan 2018
- Jun 2018
- May 2017
- Apr 2016
- Nov 2016
- Nov 2015
- Apr 2014
- Dec 2014
- Nov 2013
- Dec 2012
- May 2012
- Apr 2011
- Nov 2011
- Nov 2010
Not written yet, and included the day each one lands: Moot Court Exercise and Internship.
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