B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) Sem 6 Environmental Laws Nov 2023 60/40 Question Paper - Mumbai University | munotes

Questions asked in this paper

SECTION I - Answer Any 6 in not more than 2 sentences (any 6 of 10) 12 Marks

1. Q1 Who declares an area as a "National Park "under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972?
   Read the model answer
2. Q2 What is an "Educational Institution" as per the Noise Pollution Rules, 2000?
   Read the model answer
3. Q3 Define "Pollution" under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
   Read the model answer
4. Q4 Give two examples of Bio-medical Waste as per Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2016.
   Read the model answer
5. Q5 Define "facility" as per the Hazardous Waste Management Rules, 2008.
   Read the model answer
6. Q6 Explain the concept of Intergenerational Equity.
   Read the model answer
7. Q7 Define "Environment" as per Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
   Read the model answer
8. Q8 Define "Timber" as per the Indian Forest Act, 1927.
   Read the model answer
9. Q9 Explain the " Precautionary Principle".
   Read the model answer
10. Q10 What is India's Eco-Mark?
    Read the model answer

SECTION II - Write Short Notes on Any Two of the following (any 2 of 4) 12 Marks

1. Q11 Segregation, Transportation and Storage of Bio-medical Waste as per the Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016.
   Read the model answer
2. Q12 Joint Boards under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
   Read the model answer
3. Q13 Rio Conference 1992
   Read the model answer
4. Q14 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
   Read the model answer

SECTION III - Answer Any Two of the Following (any 2 of 4) 12 Marks

1. Q15 The Municipal Body of town ABC and the Town Council have failed to build a proper sewer and drainage system for a housing society. This has led to accumulation of filth and human excrement causing an unhealthy environment for the residents. (a) How can the residents use the provisions of I.P.C. and Cr.P.C. for legal redressal? (b) Cite the landmark judgment by the Supreme Court of India having similar facts.
   Read the model answer
2. Q16 The State Government has issued a notification declaring an area as reserve forest. This area is inhabited by indigenous tribes. The tribes claim that they are dependent on the produce (Tendu leaves and fish from the river flowing in the reserve forest) for livelihood and medicines. The Government on the other hand states that they will be given alternative employment and right to plants for medicinal purpose but will not be entitled to the forest produce. (a) What are the types of forests as per the Indian Forest Act, 1927? (b) On what grounds can the tribes file a writ petition?
   Read the model answer
3. Q17 The State Government sets up thermal power project to meet the electricity requirement of the city. During the Environmental Impact Assessment, it was reported that the ash content of the air will increase but within the scientifically prescribed standards. The village where the thermal power plant was set up would get subsidized electricity. After a few years, the cotton crop yield dropped as the soil quality was unfit for growing cotton. (a) Explain the concept of sustainable development. (b) State the phases of the Environment Impact Assessment process followed in India.
   Read the model answer
4. Q18 A number of tanneries were located on the banks of a river. They were discharging trade effluents without primary treatment. The water in the river became polluted and unfit for human consumption. A writ petition was filed against the owners of the tanneries, State Pollution Control Board and the municipal authority of the State. (a) What is the offence that the tanneries have committed and what is the penalty for the offence as per the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1974? (b) Cite the landmark judgment by the Supreme court of India having similar facts.
   Read the model answer

SECTION IV - Answer any Two of the following (any 2 of 4) 24 Marks

1. Q19 Explain using case laws how the Supreme Court of India has protected various aspects of the environment.
   Read the model answer
2. Q20 Explain the salient features of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
   Read the model answer
3. Q21 Explain the process of collection of samples under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
   Read the model answer
4. Q22 What are the powers given to the Central Government under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for protecting the environment?
   Read the model answer

Read from the scan above, so a character or two may differ. The scan is the original.