Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
Land Laws
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
LLB 3 years · Sem 4
Nov 2013 Examination
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LLB 3 years Sem 4 Land Laws Nov 2013 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Nov 2013 examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Nov 2013 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Nov 2013 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 3 hours · Total marks 100 · 25 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Answer in two sentences
20 Marks - 2 marks each
(1)Who is an agriculturist under the M.A.L. (Ceiling on Holdings) Act, 1961?[2]
Answer
Section 2(3) of the Maharashtra Agricultural Lands (Ceiling on Holdings) Act, 1961 says: "'agriculturist' means a person who cultivates land personally". The test is therefore personal cultivation, not ownership.
What "to cultivate personally" means (section 2(9)). It means to cultivate land "on a person's own account":
- by his own labour; or
- by the labour of any member of his family; or
- by hired labour or servants on wages paid in cash or kind, but not in crop share. The work must be under his own supervision or that of a family member.
Two deemed cases. A "person under disability" cultivates personally even through servants or hired labour (Explanation I). Section 2(23) lists widows, minors, certain unmarried, divorced or separated women, persons physically or mentally unable to cultivate, and serving members of the Armed Forces. In a joint family, land cultivated by any member counts as cultivated personally by the family (Explanation II).
Who is not an agriculturist. A landlord who only collects rent or a crop share from a tenant does not cultivate personally. Neither does a person who merely owns land and leaves it fallow.
Why it matters. The Act limits how much land an agriculturist, or his family unit, may hold. Section 63 of the Maharashtra Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1948 uses the same idea of personal cultivation. Under it, agricultural land may be sold without the Collector's permission only to two kinds of buyer. One is an agriculturist who will not then exceed the ceiling area; the other is an agricultural labourer.
Example. Ramesh farms 10 acres himself with two labourers paid in cash. He is an agriculturist. His neighbour who leases out all his land for half the crop is not.
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