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Criminology and Penology
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
LLB 3 years · Sem 4
Oct 2024 - 60/40 Examination
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LLB 3 years Sem 4 Criminology and Penology Oct 2024 - 60/40 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Oct 2024 - 60/40 examination.
The law in these answers is stated as at October 2026. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Sakshya Adhiniyam replaced the IPC, the CrPC and the Evidence Act on 1 July 2024, so older papers that cite the old sections are answered under the new ones. The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 repealed the Act of 2000 (s.111). The Maharashtra Prisons (Furlough and Parole) Rules, 2024 superseded the Rules of 1959, and on 4 May 2026 the Bombay High Court struck down their requirement of one year of actual imprisonment before regular parole (Vinodkumar Chellappan Pillai v. State of Maharashtra). Food adulteration now falls under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, which repealed the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Oct 2024 - 60/40 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Oct 2024 - 60/40 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2 hours · Total marks 60 · 22 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Answer in not more than two-three sentences, any 6
12 Marks - 2 marks each
(a)Write any 2 reasons of Drug Addiction.[2]
Answer
Drug addiction is a state in which a person depends, physically or mentally, on a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance and feels compelled to keep taking it. Two main reasons for it are these.
- Bad company and learning from others. Most addicts are introduced to drugs by friends or by a group in which drug use is normal. Sutherland's view is that behaviour is learned from others in intimate groups, and drug use is learned in the same way: its techniques, its pleasures and its excuses. Once dependent, the addict is "driven into the underworld" to buy his supply, which deepens the habit.
- Escape from stress and frustration. Some people take drugs to escape poverty, failure, family conflict or loneliness. One classification of psychopathic personalities described "the vagabond", who "resorts to flight", and drug addiction is often read as a form of that flight.
Other reasons: curiosity and the wish to experiment, easy availability through traffickers and organised gangs, and medical use of pain-killing drugs that turns into dependence.
The law's response. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 punishes consumption (s.27). But it lets an addict who voluntarily seeks de-addiction treatment escape prosecution (s.64A), treating him as a patient rather than a criminal.
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