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LLB 3 years Sem 2 Environmental Laws Apr 2014 Question Paper with Solutions

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Mumbai University Solved Question Papers

Environmental Laws

Previous Year Question Paper with Solution

LLB 3 years · Sem 2

Apr 2014 Examination

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Mumbai

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First published on munotes.in on 17 October 2026.

Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.

Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.

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munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of the University of Mumbai. It is not affiliated with the University of Mumbai, and is not endorsed by it.

The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.

The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Apr 2014 examination.

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Contents

The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Apr 2014 examination, in the order it was set.

MarksPage

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MarksPage

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The Paper as Set

The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Apr 2014 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.

Duration 3 hours  ·  Total marks 100  ·  25 questions answered

How to use this volume

Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.

Read the original question paper

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SECTION I

Answer the following, not more than two sentences

all 10 · 20 Marks

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1.Define Sustainable Development.[2]

Answer

Meaning. Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It was defined so by the Brundtland Report, "Our Common Future", of 1987.

The idea. Development and environmental protection are not enemies. Development is needed to end poverty, but it must not destroy the natural resources it depends on. It is a balance between ecology and development.

International base.

  1. Stockholm Declaration, 1972, which linked environment and human well-being.
  2. Rio Declaration, 1992, which made it the central theme. Principle 4 makes protection an integral part of development.

In Indian law. In Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India, AIR 1996 SC 2715, the Supreme Court called it a balancing concept between ecology and development. It held it part of customary international law and of the law of India. It listed its main features.

  1. Inter-generational equity.
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  1. Use and conservation of natural resources.
  2. Environmental protection.
  3. The precautionary principle.
  4. The polluter pays principle.
  5. Obligation to assist and co-operate.
  6. Eradication of poverty.
  7. Financial assistance to developing countries.

In statute. Section 20 of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 requires the Tribunal to apply it.

In practice. Courts weigh a project's benefits, such as jobs and power, against its harm. They allow it with safeguards, or stop it if the harm is too great.

In short. Development today that leaves enough for tomorrow.

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