Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
October 2025
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
BSc IT · Sem VI
October 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law Examination
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BSc IT Sem VI October 2025 IT Act and Cyber Law Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 4 November 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the October 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the October 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the October 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 75 · 30 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
SECTION I
1.
Attempt any three of the following · 15 Marks
a.Differentiate between cognizable and non-cognizable offenses.[5]
Answer
For full marks, cover: both definitions from the criminal procedure code, the points of difference in a table, how the IT Act classifies its own offences, and an example of each.
The two definitions
Indian criminal procedure divides offences by one test: can the police arrest without a warrant? The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) replaced the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 from 1 July 2024. It keeps the same two definitions.
- A cognizable offence is one for which a police officer may arrest without warrant (BNSS section 2(1)(g); old CrPC section 2(c)). The power comes from the First Schedule or any other law.
- A non-cognizable offence is one for which a police officer has no authority to arrest without warrant (BNSS section 2(1)(o); old CrPC section 2(l)).
Serious offences are usually cognizable. Minor ones are usually non-cognizable. The First Schedule of the BNSS lists the class of each offence.
The differences
| Point | Cognizable offence | Non-cognizable offence |
|---|---|---|
| Arrest | Police may arrest without warrant | Police need a warrant from a Magistrate |
| First information | Recorded as an FIR under BNSS section 173 | Entered in a register under BNSS section 174 |
| Investigation | Police may start at once | Police need the Magistrate's order first |
| Seriousness | Usually grave, often longer prison terms | Usually less grave |
| Examples | Murder, theft, cheating | Simple hurt, public nuisance |
The Supreme Court held in Lalita Kumari v. Government of Uttar Pradesh (2014) that registering an FIR is mandatory when the information discloses a cognizable offence. A police station cannot refuse such a complaint.
How the IT Act classifies its offences
The Information Technology Act, 2000 sets its own rule in section 77B. The offence punishable with imprisonment of three years and above shall be cognizable. The offence punishable with imprisonment of three years shall be bailable. This rule overrides the general code.
So most offences in the IT Act are cognizable because their maximum term is three years or more. Examples are section 66 (computer related offences, up to three years), section 66C (identity theft) and section 66D (cheating by personation using a computer resource). Section 78 adds that only a police officer not below the rank of Inspector shall investigate an offence under the Act.
Example
A stranger empties a student's bank account through a fake payment link. That is cheating by personation under section 66D, a cognizable offence. The police must register an FIR and may arrest the accused without a warrant.
Conclusion. The line between the two classes is the power to arrest without warrant. A cognizable offence lets the police register an FIR, arrest and investigate on their own. A non-cognizable one needs the Magistrate's order first. Through section 77B, almost every offence in the IT Act falls on the cognizable side.
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