Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
March 2025
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
BSc IT · Sem VI
March 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law Examination
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BSc IT Sem VI March 2025 IT Act and Cyber Law Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 4 November 2026.
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Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the March 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the March 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the March 2025 - IT Act and Cyber Law examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 75 · 30 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
SECTION I
1.
Attempt any three of the following · 15 Marks
a.Explain the differences in the manner of investigation between cognizable and non-cognizable cases.[5]
Answer
For full marks, cover: the two kinds of case, how information is recorded, who may start the investigation and when, the powers the police have in each, what the investigation ends in, and how the IT Act fits in.
The two kinds of case
The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) sets the procedure. A cognizable case is one in which the police may arrest without warrant. A non-cognizable case is one in which they may not. The First Schedule tells which offence falls in which class. This one label changes the whole manner of investigation.
Step by step
1. Recording the information. In a cognizable case, the officer in charge must record the information as a First Information Report under section 173. It may now be given by electronic communication and signed within three days. In a non-cognizable case, the officer enters the substance in a book under section 174(1) and refers the informant to the Magistrate.
2. Starting the investigation. In a cognizable case, the officer in charge may investigate without any order of a Magistrate (section 175(1)). In a non-cognizable case, no police officer shall investigate without a Magistrate's order (section 174(2)). The Magistrate must be one with power to try or commit the case. Even with that order, the police may not arrest without warrant (section 174(3)).
3. Arrest. In a cognizable case the police may arrest without warrant, subject to the conditions of section 35. In a non-cognizable case they need a warrant.
4. Report to the Magistrate. In a cognizable case, the officer sends a report of the case to the Magistrate at once (section 176). The Magistrate keeps watch over the investigation from the start.
5. Mixed cases. If a case involves two or more offences and at least one is cognizable, the whole case is treated as cognizable (section 174(4)).
Comparison
| Point | Cognizable case | Non-cognizable case |
|---|---|---|
| Information | FIR under section 173 | Entry in a book under section 174(1) |
| Who starts | Police, on their own | Police, only on a Magistrate's order |
| Arrest | Without warrant, within section 35 | Only with a warrant |
| Supervision | Report sent to the Magistrate at once | Magistrate decides first whether to allow it |
| Typical offences | Theft, cheating, cyber fraud | Simple hurt, defamation |
The IT Act's rules
The IT Act, 2000 changes two things for cyber cases. Section 77B makes offences punishable with three years or more cognizable, so most cyber offences are investigated without waiting for a Magistrate. Section 78 says only an officer not below the rank of Inspector shall investigate them.
Example
A student is cheated through a fake job portal. That is cheating by personation under section 66D, a cognizable offence. The cyber police register an FIR, freeze the money trail and seize the server logs at once. If he is only defamed in a forwarded message, the case is non-cognizable. Police then need the Magistrate's order before they can investigate.
Conclusion. The difference lies in who controls the first steps. In a cognizable case the police record an FIR, investigate and arrest on their own, under the Magistrate's watch. In a non-cognizable case they may do nothing beyond recording the information until a Magistrate orders an investigation.
The rest of the answers
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