Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
Digital System and Architecture
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
BSc CS · Sem 1
Nov 2024 Examination
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BSc CS Sem 1 Digital System and Architecture Nov 2024 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 16 October 2026.
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Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Nov 2024 examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Nov 2024 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Nov 2024 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 1 hours · Total marks 30 · 12 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
SECTION I
Q I
Attempt any two · 10 Marks
A.What are the different multiprocessor systems. Explain in brief.[5]
Answer
For full marks, cover: what a multiprocessor system is, the two main types (tightly coupled and loosely coupled), the two kinds of tightly coupled system (symmetric and asymmetric), one comparison, and why we use them.
What a multiprocessor system is
A multiprocessor system is a computer that has two or more processors (CPUs) working together under one operating system. The processors share the work of running programs. Because several instructions run at the same time, the system finishes more work in the same time. In Flynn's terms, such a machine is MIMD: multiple instruction streams working on multiple data streams.
Type 1: tightly coupled systems (shared memory)
In a tightly coupled system, all processors share one common main memory over a common bus or switch. They also share the I/O devices. Processors talk to each other by reading and writing shared memory. This type has two forms.
- Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP). Every processor is equal. Each can run the operating system and any user program. If one processor fails, the others carry on. Most desktop multicore chips work this way.
- Asymmetric multiprocessing (master and slave). One master processor runs the operating system and hands out work. The other slave processors only run the tasks they are given. It is simpler to build, but if the master fails the whole system stops.
Type 2: loosely coupled systems (distributed memory)
In a loosely coupled system, each processor has its own private memory and often its own I/O. The processors talk by sending messages over a network or a high-speed link. A cluster of computers working on one job is the common example.
| Point | Tightly coupled | Loosely coupled |
|---|---|---|
| Memory | shared by all processors | private to each processor |
| Communication | through shared memory | by messages over a link |
| Speed of communication | fast | slower |
| Scaling to many processors | limited by the shared bus | easy, add more nodes |
Advantages
- More throughput: more jobs finish per second.
- Reliability: in SMP or a cluster, one failed processor does not stop the system.
- Economy: processors share memory, disks and power supplies.
The main design problem in a shared-memory system is cache coherence. Each processor keeps its own cache, so the system must make sure no processor reads an old copy of shared data.
Conclusion. Multiprocessor systems are either tightly coupled, with shared memory in symmetric or master and slave form, or loosely coupled, with private memory and message passing. They give more speed and reliability than a single processor, at the cost of keeping shared data consistent.
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