Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
Political Science 3
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
BLS LLB 5 Years · Sem 4
2026-27 - ATKT 75/25 Examination
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BLS LLB 5 Years Sem 4 Political Science 3 2026-27 - ATKT 75/25 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 28 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the 2026-27 - ATKT 75/25 examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the 2026-27 - ATKT 75/25 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the 2026-27 - ATKT 75/25 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 75 · 21 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q1.
Q1. Answer the following questions in two sentences, any 6 of 8
12 Marks - 2 marks each
(a)What is a buffer state?[2]
Answer
A buffer state is a weak state lying between two or more stronger and potentially hostile powers. Its existence keeps them apart and so helps to prevent a clash between them. Morgenthau defined buffer states as weak states located close to powerful ones and serving their military security. He counted them among the small nations that owe their existence to the balance of power. Palmer and Perkins explained their importance by their "cushioning effect between great powers".
A buffer state is one of the techniques of the balance of power. Each strong neighbour prefers the buffer to stay independent rather than let its rival absorb it.
Examples.
- Belgium, from its independence in 1831 until the Second World War, was Morgenthau's leading example.
- Afghanistan stood between the British Empire in South Asia and the Russian Empire in Central Asia. Britain relied on Afghanistan, Persia and Tibet as buffers for the defence of India.
- Nepal and Bhutan lie between India and China. Mongolia lies between Russia and China.
Buffers cut both ways. A buffer that stays neutral gives each neighbour security. But it is also where rivals compete for influence, and if one side gains it, the balance tilts. The test for a buffer today is whether it can stay neutral while its neighbours compete over it.
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