KSLU Solved Question Papers
Principles and Practice of Management
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
B.Com. LL.B. (Five Years) · Sem 2
2019 Jun Examination
munotes.in
Mumbai
B.Com. LL.B. (Five Years) Sem 2 Principles and Practice of Management 2019 Jun Question Paper with Solutions
First published on munotes.in on 21 October 2026.
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The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by Karnataka State Law University at the 2019 Jun examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as Karnataka State Law University set it at the 2019 Jun examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the 2019 Jun examination, reproduced as Karnataka State Law University set them, in the order it set them. Long reading passages are shortened to their first and last lines and our summary; the original paper prints them in full. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 3 hours · Total marks 80 · 20 questions answered
Instructions printed on the paper
- N.B. (1) Answer all five Units. (2) One essay type question and short note from each Unit is mandatory. (3) Figures to the right indicate marks. (4) Answer should be written either in Kannada or English completely.
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q1
Unit I
(a)Write the contributions of Henry Fayol to management.[10]
Answer
For full marks, cover: who Henri Fayol was and his book (1916); his view of management as a universal activity that can be taught; the six groups of activities of an industrial undertaking; the five elements (functions) of management; the fourteen principles of management, each explained in a line or two; an assessment (merits, criticisms, comparison with Taylor); and a conclusion.
Henri Fayol
Henri Fayol (1841 to 1925) was a French mining engineer. He joined the Commentry-Fourchambault mining company in 1860 and was its managing director from 1888 to 1918. He found the company close to bankruptcy and made it strong and profitable. From this experience he wrote Administration industrielle et générale in 1916. Its English translation, General and Industrial Management, appeared in 1949. He is often called the father of modern management theory.
Fayol looked at management from the top, from the point of view of the chief executive. This set him apart from Taylor, who studied work on the shop floor.
Contribution 1: management is universal and can be taught
Fayol held that management is a separate activity, distinct from technical work. It is needed in every kind of undertaking, whether industry, government, the army or the home. He also held that management can be taught, so it should be part of education. Before him, managers were thought to be born, not made.
Contribution 2: six groups of activities
Fayol divided the activities of an industrial undertaking into six groups.
- Technical: production and manufacture.
- Commercial: buying, selling and exchange.
- Financial: raising and using capital.
- Security: protecting property and persons.
- Accounting: stock-taking, balance sheets, costs and statistics.
- Managerial: planning, organising, commanding, co-ordinating and controlling.
He showed that managerial ability becomes more important, and technical ability less, as a person rises in the organisation.
Contribution 3: five elements of management
Fayol defined management through its five elements.
- Planning (prévoyance): looking ahead and drawing up a plan of action.
- Organising: building the structure of people and material.
- Commanding: getting the best out of employees.
- Co-ordinating: binding together all activities and efforts.
- Controlling: checking that everything happens according to plan.
This idea of management as a set of functions is still the basis of most textbooks.
Contribution 4: fourteen principles of management
Fayol stated fourteen principles, which he saw as flexible guides, not rigid rules.
- Division of work: specialisation raises efficiency.
- Authority and responsibility: authority must go with matching responsibility.
- Discipline: obedience and respect for agreements, backed by good superiors and fair penalties.
- Unity of command: each employee receives orders from one superior only.
- Unity of direction: one head and one plan for a group of activities with the same objective.
- Subordination of individual interest to general interest: the goals of the organisation come first.
- Remuneration: pay should be fair to both employee and employer.
- Centralisation: the right degree of centralisation depends on the situation.
- Scalar chain: a line of authority from top to bottom. A "gang plank" allows direct contact between people at the same level when speed is needed, with their superiors' consent.
- Order: a place for everything and everyone, and everything and everyone in its place.
- Equity: kindness and justice towards employees.
- Stability of tenure of personnel: high turnover is costly, so staff should be given time to settle.
- Initiative: employees should be allowed to think out and carry out plans.
- Esprit de corps: union is strength, so team spirit should be built.
Assessment
Merits
- He gave the first general theory of management, applicable to all organisations.
- His functions and principles remain the framework of management study.
- He stressed training of managers.
- Principles such as unity of command and scalar chain still guide organisation design.
Criticisms
- Some principles are vague, such as the right degree of centralisation.
- They are drawn from his own experience and were not tested scientifically.
- He gave less attention to the human side, later stressed by the Hawthorne studies.
- Some principles conflict with practice, such as unity of command against Taylor's functional foremen or the matrix structure.
Fayol and Taylor
Taylor worked from the bottom, on the efficiency of workers and machines. Fayol worked from the top, on the management of the whole enterprise. Their ideas are complementary, not opposed. Together they form the classical school of management.
Conclusion. Fayol's major contribution was to show that management is a distinct, universal activity that can be studied and taught. He gave it a structure: six groups of activities, five elements and fourteen principles. Later writers have added the human side and questioned some principles. Even so, the functional view of management that Fayol set out in 1916 still organises how management is taught and practised.
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