KSLU Solved Question Papers
Professional Ethics and Professional Accounting System
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) · Sem 7
2018 Jun Examination
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Mumbai
B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) Sem 7 Professional Ethics and Professional Accounting System 2018 Jun Question Paper with Solutions
First published on munotes.in on 21 October 2026.
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The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by Karnataka State Law University at the 2018 Jun examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as Karnataka State Law University set it at the 2018 Jun examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the 2018 Jun examination, reproduced as Karnataka State Law University set them, in the order it set them. Long reading passages are shortened to their first and last lines and our summary; the original paper prints them in full. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 80 · 13 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q1Explain seven lamps of advocacy advocated by Justice Parry Abbot.[12]
Answer
For full marks, cover: the source (Judge Sir Edward Abbott Parry, The Seven Lamps of Advocacy, London, 1923) and why the lamps matter though they are not law; each of the seven lamps (honesty, courage, industry, wit, eloquence, judgment, fellowship) explained with a line from Parry and the Bar Council rule that carries it; decided cases where a lamp went out (D.P. Chadha v. Triyugi Narain Mishra, N.G. Dastane v. Shrikant S. Shivde, Bar Council of Maharashtra v. M.V. Dabholkar); the eighth lamp added by some writers.
The source
The "seven lamps of advocacy" come from a short book of that name by Sir Edward Abbott Parry, an English judge, first published in London in 1923. The paper calls him "Justice Parry Abbot"; his name was Edward Abbott Parry. He took the image from Ruskin's The Seven Lamps of Architecture. A lamp gives light, so that the advocate can see his way.
Parry wrote that "upon the altars of justice the advocate must keep his seven lamps clean and burning brightly. In the centre of these must ever be the lamp of honesty."
The lamps are not law. No section of the Advocates Act 1961 and no Bar Council rule mentions them. But the rules in Part VI Chapter II of the Bar Council of India Rules are mostly prohibitions. They catch bad conduct; they cannot make a good advocate. The lamps describe the character that the rules take for granted.
1. The lamp of honesty
Honesty means more than not telling lies. The advocate must not mislead the court on facts or law, or hide an authority against him. He must be straight with his client about the case and about money. Parry wrote that the advocate "is not only the servant of the client, but the friend of the court".
The rules carry this lamp. Rule 3 forbids influencing the court by improper means, rule 4 bars unfair practices, and rules 25 to 32 govern the client's money.
D.P. Chadha v. Triyugi Narain Mishra, AIR 2001 SC 457, shows the lamp going out. The advocate used a blank vakalatnama signed by his client to have a compromise filed. It suffered an eviction decree against the client while he was away. The Supreme Court upheld a five-year suspension. It said misconduct is "gravest when it is a deliberate attempt at misleading the court".
2. The lamp of courage
Courage is the will to present the client's case fully, whoever is displeased: the judge, the government or the public. Parry wrote: "Courage is as good a weapon in the forum as in the camp."
Rule 15 requires the advocate to uphold his client's interests "fearlessly". Rule 1 says he "shall not be servile", and gives him the right and duty to complain properly about a judicial officer. But courage is not rudeness. Insulting a judge is contempt, not courage.
3. The lamp of industry
Industry means hard work and preparation: reading the brief and the papers behind it, finding the law, and being ready on the day of hearing.
N.G. Dastane v. Shrikant S. Shivde, AIR 2001 SC 2028, shows its absence. Defence advocates obtained adjournment after adjournment while the complainant waited to be cross-examined. On 4 December 1993 they sought another, saying one advocate had a throat infection and could not speak. The complainant then saw that advocate arguing "forcefully and fluently" in another court in the same building. The Bar Councils found no case. The Supreme Court held there was a strong prima facie case of misconduct and sent the complaint for inquiry.
4. The lamp of wit
Wit here does not mean jokes. It means quickness of mind. The advocate sees the point at once, answers the Bench without losing the thread, and spots the flaw in the other side's argument. A little lightness can ease a tense court, but never at the cost of the court's dignity.
5. The lamp of eloquence
Eloquence is the power to be understood and to persuade. It is not ornament or a flood of words. The test is whether, at the end of the submission, the judge knows what is asked and why the law allows it. Today it applies as much to written pleadings and submissions as to speech.
6. The lamp of judgment
Judgment is knowing what to do: which point to take and which to drop, whether to cross-examine at all, when to advise settlement. It includes knowing one's own limits. Parry wrote that "the only illuminant for the lamp of judgment is the oil of experience".
7. The lamp of fellowship
Fellowship is the bond among advocates, who are opponents in a case but colleagues in a profession. It lets them fight hard in court and still keep their word to each other outside it. Rules 34 to 39 carry it. An advocate must not deal directly with a represented opponent, and must keep promises to the other side. He must not solicit, undercut, or appear in another advocate's case without his consent.
Bar Council of Maharashtra v. M.V. Dabholkar, AIR 1976 SC 242, shows fellowship destroyed. Advocates waited at the gate of the Magistrates' Courts in Bombay, rushed at arriving litigants, snatched briefs and undercut fees. The Supreme Court held this was misconduct under rule 36, read as a broad canon of ethics. It said rule 36 must not be split into technical elements to let such conduct escape.
The eighth lamp
Parry named seven. Some later writers add an eighth, tact: dealing with judges, witnesses and clients in a way that gets the work done without needless friction. An answer should say that tact is an addition, not one of Parry's seven.
The lamps and the rules together
| Lamp | Rule that carries it |
|---|---|
| Honesty | Rules 3, 4, 25 to 32 |
| Courage | Rules 1 and 15 |
| Industry | Rule 12 (no withdrawal without cause), the duty to attend court |
| Wit, eloquence, judgment | No rule; qualities of skill |
| Fellowship | Rules 34 to 39 |
Conclusion. The seven lamps of advocacy, honesty, courage, industry, wit, eloquence, judgment and fellowship, come from Judge Edward Abbott Parry's book of 1923. They are not legal duties, and failing in eloquence or wit is no misconduct. But where a lamp is linked to a rule, its absence is punished. The cases show dishonesty in D.P. Chadha, lack of industry in N.G. Dastane, and the end of fellowship in M.V. Dabholkar. Honesty stands at the centre, as Parry said, because every other lamp depends on it.
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