LL.B. (Three Years) Sem 2 Environmental Laws May 2026 60/40 Question Paper - Mumbai University | munotes

Questions asked in this paper

• 1. Please check whether you have got the right question paper. S
• 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks

1. Q1 Answer in not more than two sentences (Any 6 out of 10) (12 Marks) \
   • a. Which Constitutional Amendment introduced the dual fold provisions for the protection of
   • b. Define ‘Occupier’ under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
   • c. What is Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect?
   • d. Define “Pollution” under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,1972
   • e. What is Sustainable Development?
   • f. What is ‘Authorisation’ under the Bio-Medical Waste Rules, 1998?
   • g. Define ‘Environment’ as per Environment Protection Act, 1986
   • h. Define” Stream” under the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1974
   • j. What is “Protected Area” under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972?
   • j. Define “Forest Product” under the Indian Forest Act 1927
2. Q2 Write short notes on (any two) 12 marks
   • a) Eco-Mark
   • c) Kyoto protocol
3. Q3 Answer any two of the following 12 marks
   • a) Many tanneries were located on the bank of a river. They discharged trade waste without any treatment. This polluted the river water, making it unsafe for people to drink. A writ petition was filed against the tanneries' owners, the State Pollution Control Board, and the state’s municipal authority
   • i. What is the offence committed by the tanneries and what is the penalty for that offence under the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974?
   • ii. Discuss the landmark judgment of the Supreme Court having similar facts
   • b) A beverage company was set up in a village. The Environmental Impact Assessment revealed that the company will lead to a decline in groundwater quality, although still within allowed limits. After several years, the fertility of the village soil and the quality of What is Sustainable Development? ii, State the phases of Environmental Impact Assessment followed in India
   • c) A State Board officer enters into an industry to carry out an inspection. Answer the
   • i. Does a State Board have the power to enter into any industry for inspection? Explain What can the inspection officer do if the occupier refuses to sign on sample containers?
   • d) The State Government issued a notification declaring an area as a Reserve Forest. However, the area was inhabited by indigenous tribes who were dependent on the forest for their livelihood and medicine
   • i. What are the types of forest under the Indian Forest Act, 1927?
   • ii. On what grounds can the tribes file a writ petition?
4. Q4 Answer the following (any two) 24 marks
   • a) “The shift from strict liability to absolute liability is the need of the hour. The law cannot remain static.” Explain with the help of decided cases
   • b) Explain the process of collection of samples under the Air (Prevention and Control of
   • c) Explain how the Supreme Court of India used the provisions of the Constitution of India in
   • d) Explain in the salient features of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
5. Q2 fear
   • d) eta
   • a) AT
   • b) AT FT
   • c) SA
   • d) ar
   • i. WAR
6. Q4 Sat
   • a) St
   • d) sam HT,

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