Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
Law and Medicine
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
LLB 3 years · Sem 6
Oct 2025 - 75/25 Examination
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LLB 3 years Sem 6 Law and Medicine Oct 2025 - 75/25 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Oct 2025 - 75/25 examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Oct 2025 - 75/25 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Oct 2025 - 75/25 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 75 · 21 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Answer any six of the following, not more than two sentences
12 Marks - 2 marks each
(1)Define "informed consent."[2]
Answer
Informed consent is a patient's free and capable agreement to a treatment, given after the doctor has explained what the patient needs to know. It is more than a signature. The patient must understand what is proposed and what it may cost him.
What must be explained. In Samira Kohli v. Dr. Prabha Manchanda, (2008) 2 SCC 1, the Supreme Court laid down that the doctor must disclose:
- the nature and procedure of the treatment, its purpose, benefits and effect;
- the alternatives, if any;
- "an outline of the substantial risks"; and
- the adverse consequences of refusing treatment.
Remote or theoretical risks need not be listed. The standard of disclosure is what a body of skilled doctors in the field accepts as proper.
Its other conditions. The patient must have the capacity to decide, and his consent must be voluntary. Consent is specific: consent for one procedure is not consent for another. A relative cannot consent for an adult who is able to decide, as the mother's consent in Samira Kohli showed.
Its basis. It rests on the patient's right to decide what is done to his own body, now part of Article 21. Treatment without it may be a battery, and consent without proper information can make the doctor liable in negligence.
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