Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
Law Relating to Women and Children
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
LLB 3 years · Sem 6
Nov 2014 Examination
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LLB 3 years Sem 6 Law Relating to Women and Children Nov 2014 Question Paper with Solutions
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First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Nov 2014 examination.
The law under these papers has moved. The Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure and the Evidence Act were replaced by the BNS, BNSS and BSA on 1 July 2024; adultery (section 497) was struck down on 27 September 2018 and is not in the BNS. The Maternity Benefit Act, the Factories Act and the Equal Remuneration Act were repealed on 21 November 2025 by the Code on Social Security, the OSH Code and the Code on Wages. The Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929 gave way to the 2006 Act on 1 November 2007, and the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000 to the 2015 Act on 15 January 2016. Each answer gives the law the paper asked about and the law that applies now.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Nov 2014 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Nov 2014 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 3 hours · Total marks 100 · 25 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Attempt the following in not more than two sentences each
20 Marks - 2 marks each
(a)Define Natural Guardian.[2]
Answer
Definition. A natural guardian is a guardian by birth or by marriage, not one appointed by a will or a court. The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956 defines "natural guardian" as "any of the guardians mentioned in section 6" (section 4(c)). A minor is a person below eighteen (section 4(a)).
Who they are (section 6). The natural guardians of a Hindu minor, for the person and the property, are:
- A boy or an unmarried girl: "the father, and after him, the mother". But a child under five should ordinarily be in the mother's custody.
- An illegitimate child: the mother, and after her, the father.
- A married girl: the husband.
An adopted son's natural guardianship passes to the adoptive father, and after him to the adoptive mother (section 7). The minor's undivided interest in joint family property is outside this guardianship.
Who cannot act. Two persons cannot act as natural guardian (proviso to section 6). One is a person who has ceased to be a Hindu. The other is one who has finally renounced the world as a hermit or ascetic. Step-parents are not included.
The mother's position. In Githa Hariharan v. Reserve Bank of India, (1999) 2 SCC 228, a mother was refused bonds in her son's name because the father had not signed. The Supreme Court read "after" to mean "in the absence of" the father, not only after his death. So the mother may act while the father is alive but absent or uninterested.
Muslim law. The father is the natural guardian. The mother has only custody (hizanat) of a young child.
Conclusion. A natural guardian is the parent or husband whom the law makes a minor's guardian without any appointment. Under section 6 it is the father and then the mother, the mother for an illegitimate child, and the husband for a married girl.
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