Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
Criminology and Penology
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
LLB 3 years · Sem 4
May 2026 - 75/25 Examination
munotes.in
Mumbai
LLB 3 years Sem 4 Criminology and Penology May 2026 - 75/25 Question Paper with Solutions
Get access to whole semester resourcesSemester Pass
MU law student group
Free to join
First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
Passages from this volume may be quoted, in print, online or by an AI system, with credit: name munotes.in and link to this volume's page. The volume may not be reproduced as a whole. Full terms at munotes.in/content-license.
munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of the University of Mumbai. It is not affiliated with the University of Mumbai, and is not endorsed by it.
The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the May 2026 - 75/25 examination.
The law in these answers is stated as at October 2026. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Sakshya Adhiniyam replaced the IPC, the CrPC and the Evidence Act on 1 July 2024, so older papers that cite the old sections are answered under the new ones. The Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 repealed the Act of 2000 (s.111). The Maharashtra Prisons (Furlough and Parole) Rules, 2024 superseded the Rules of 1959, and on 4 May 2026 the Bombay High Court struck down their requirement of one year of actual imprisonment before regular parole (Vinodkumar Chellappan Pillai v. State of Maharashtra). Food adulteration now falls under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, which repealed the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the May 2026 - 75/25 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the May 2026 - 75/25 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2½ hours · Total marks 75 · 23 questions answered
Instructions printed on the paper
- N.B: 1. Attempt all questions. 2. Use case laws wherever required.
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Answer the following questions in one or two sentences, any six
12 Marks - 2 marks each
(1)What is cyber crime?[2]
Answer
Cyber crime is crime in which a computer, a phone or a network is the tool used, the target attacked, or both. Common examples are hacking, stealing passwords or data, online fraud, spreading private or obscene images, and attacks on the nation's computer systems.
Indian law has no single section called "cyber crime". It reaches these acts mainly through the Information Technology Act, 2000 (the IT Act), together with the general offences of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS).
- Unauthorised access and damage. Accessing, copying, infecting or damaging a computer without the owner's permission makes a person liable to pay compensation (IT Act s.43). Done "dishonestly or fraudulently", the same act is an offence punishable with up to three years (s.66).
- Identity theft and online cheating. Using another person's password or electronic signature is identity theft (s.66C). Cheating by personation through a computer or phone is a separate offence (s.66D). Each carries up to three years.
- Privacy and terror. Capturing or sending images of a person's private area without consent (s.66E), and cyber terrorism (s.66F, up to life imprisonment).
- Obscene material, including child sexual abuse material (ss.67, 67A, 67B).
An officer not below the rank of Inspector investigates these offences (s.78). The offence of sending "offensive" messages no longer exists: in Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, AIR 2015 SC 1523, the Supreme Court struck down s.66A for violating free speech under Article 19(1)(a).
The rest of the answers
The first answer is free. The rest come with the LL.B. 3 Years Semester 4 solved papers.
You have read the question paper and its first answer in full. Buy the solved papers once and you can read every answer of every solved paper in this semester.
Notes + Solved papers: ₹798 Already bought it? Sign in
Or solved papers only: ₹499
Or notes only: ₹499
The question paper itself stays free, and so does the syllabus.
Found an error in this volume? Report it and we will check it against the paper.