Mumbai University Solved Question Papers
Conflict of Laws
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
BLS LLB 5 Years · Sem 10
Oct 2024 - 60/40 Examination
munotes.in
Mumbai
BLS LLB 5 Years Sem 10 Conflict of Laws Oct 2024 - 60/40 Question Paper with Solutions
Get access to whole semester resourcesSemester Pass
MU law student group
Free to join
First published on munotes.in on 24 October 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
Passages from this volume may be quoted, in print, online or by an AI system, with credit: name munotes.in and link to this volume's page. The volume may not be reproduced as a whole. Full terms at munotes.in/content-license.
munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of the University of Mumbai. It is not affiliated with the University of Mumbai, and is not endorsed by it.
The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by the University of Mumbai at the Oct 2024 - 60/40 examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as the University of Mumbai set it at the Oct 2024 - 60/40 examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the Oct 2024 - 60/40 examination, reproduced as the University of Mumbai set them, in the order it set them. Nothing has been reworded, added or left out. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 2 hours · Total marks 60 · 22 questions answered
Instructions printed on the paper
- N.B: Please check whether you have got the right question paper. (i) All questions are compulsory. (ii) Figures to the right indicate marks.
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q.1
Q.1: Answer any 6 in two sentences
12 Marks
(a)What is Lex Contractus?[2]
Answer
Lex contractus means the law that governs a contract. It is also called the proper law of the contract. It is the lex causae (governing law) for contractual questions.
How it is found. English law, which Indian courts follow, finds it in three steps.
- Express choice. The parties may choose the law in the contract. In Vita Food Products Inc. v. Unus Shipping Co. Ltd., [1939] AC 277, the Privy Council upheld a choice of English law in a Newfoundland contract. The choice must be bona fide, legal and not against public policy.
- Implied choice. If no law is named, the court infers the parties' intention from the contract's terms and circumstances.
- Closest connection. Failing both, it is the law with which the transaction has its closest and most real connection.
India. In National Thermal Power Corporation v. Singer Company, (1992) 3 SCC 551, the Supreme Court adopted these steps. It added that the proper law means the domestic law of the chosen system, not its conflict rules.
What it governs. The existence, essential validity, interpretation, performance and discharge of the contract.
Not the same as lex loci contractus. That is the law of the place where the contract was made, which may differ.
Conclusion. Lex contractus is the proper law of the contract, chosen by the parties or found by the closest connection.
The rest of the answers
The first answer is free. The rest come with the B.L.S. LL.B. 5 Years Semester 10 solved papers.
You have read the question paper and its first answer in full. Buy the solved papers once and you can read every answer of every solved paper in this semester.
Notes + Solved papers: ₹798 Already bought it? Sign in
Or solved papers only: ₹499
Or notes only: ₹499
The question paper itself stays free, and so does the syllabus.
Found an error in this volume? Report it and we will check it against the paper.