SPPU B.B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) Semester 2 Notes 2026

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• All the notes of all the subjects in Semester 2, as per the current syllabus of Savitribai Phule Pune University.
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• If the University revises the syllabus while your year is running, the notes are rewritten to match and you read the new version at no extra cost. You are never asked to buy the same semester twice.

1. Management Information System

   Official Notes munotes.in

   Management Information System

   SPPU B.B.A. LL.B. (FIVE YEARS) · SEMESTER 2

   Strictly as per the CBCS 2023 syllabus of Savitribai Phule Pune University, as amended on 18 July 2024

   For students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and all its affiliated law colleges

   munotes.in First Year

   Management Information System

   Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.

   Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.

   This book is for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.

   Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in

   The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.

   munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and its affiliated law colleges. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to Savitribai Phule Pune University. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.

   Contents

   Module 01 Introduction to Information Systems and MIS

   1. Information Systems: Meaning, Definition and Types 1
   2. The Role of Information Systems in Business, and Competitive Advantage 5
   3. MIS: Nature, Scope, Need and Impact on Business 8

   Module 02 Information Technology Infrastructure

   1. IT Infrastructure and Its Components 11
   2. Types of Networks and Network Topologies 14
   3. E-commerce Business Models, and M-commerce 18

   Module 03 Databases and Information Management

   1. Before Databases: the File System and Its Problems 21
   2. What a Database Is, and What a DBMS Does 25
   3. Inside a DBMS: the Parts, and the People 30
   4. Record Based Logical Models: Relational, Hierarchical and Network 35
   5. NoSQL, and What It Gave Up 39
   6. From Data Warehousing to Big Data 44
   7. The Four Vs of Big Data 48

   Module 04 Systems Analysis and Design

   1. What a Software Development Life Cycle Is 52

   Contents continued

   Module 04 continued Systems Analysis and Design

   1. Prototyping 56
   2. Alternative Systems-Building Approaches: End-User Development, Packages and Outsourcing 60
   3. Rapid Application Development 63

   Module 05 Decision Making and Information Systems

   1. Decision Making: Meaning, Types and Process 68
   2. Decision Support Systems and Group Decision Support Systems 72
   3. Expert Systems and the AI Winters 76
   4. Knowledge-Based Expert Systems, Artificial Intelligence and ERP 80

   Module 06 Securing Information Systems

   1. Malicious Software: The Taxonomy 84
   2. Viruses: The Four Phases, the Structure and the Types 89
   3. Worms, and the Ones That Made History 96
   4. Trojans, Ransomware and Remote Access Tools 103
   5. Hacker Classes, Hacktivism and the Types of Hacking 108
   6. Intruders: Who They Are and What They Do 113
   7. Internal Threats and Software Vulnerability 119
   8. Types of Firewalls 123

   Contents continued

   Module 06 continued Securing Information Systems

   1. Intrusion Detection: Statistical Anomaly and Rule-Based 130
   2. Virus Countermeasures 136
   3. Damage to Computers: Section 43 142
   4. Failure to Protect Data and Other Penalties: Sections 43A to 45 146
   5. Offences against Computers and Code: Sections 65, 66 and 66B 150
   6. Confidentiality: Sections 72 and 72A 154

   Module 07 Issues and Dimension of Information Systems

   1. Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems 158
   2. The Moral and Legal Dimensions of Information Systems 161

   Page 1 onwards

   164 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.

   Notes

   2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 164 pages.

   Every chapter in the notes: 37 chapters across 7 modules

   Module 01 3 chapters

   1. 1 Information Systems: Meaning, Definition and Types pages 1 to 4
   2. 2 The Role of Information Systems in Business, and Competitive Advantage pages 5 to 7
   3. 3 MIS: Nature, Scope, Need and Impact on Business pages 8 to 10

   Module 02 3 chapters

   1. 4 IT Infrastructure and Its Components pages 11 to 13
   2. 5 Types of Networks and Network Topologies pages 14 to 17
   3. 6 E-commerce Business Models, and M-commerce pages 18 to 20

   Module 03 7 chapters

   1. 7 Before Databases: the File System and Its Problems pages 21 to 24
   2. 8 What a Database Is, and What a DBMS Does pages 25 to 29
   3. 9 Inside a DBMS: the Parts, and the People pages 30 to 34
   4. 10 Record Based Logical Models: Relational, Hierarchical and Network pages 35 to 38
   5. 11 NoSQL, and What It Gave Up pages 39 to 43
   6. 12 From Data Warehousing to Big Data pages 44 to 47
   7. 13 The Four Vs of Big Data pages 48 to 51

   Module 04 4 chapters

   1. 14 What a Software Development Life Cycle Is pages 52 to 55
   2. 15 Prototyping pages 56 to 59
   3. 16 Alternative Systems-Building Approaches: End-User Development, Packages and Outsourcing pages 60 to 62
   4. 17 Rapid Application Development pages 63 to 67

   Module 05 4 chapters

   1. 18 Decision Making: Meaning, Types and Process pages 68 to 71
   2. 19 Decision Support Systems and Group Decision Support Systems pages 72 to 75
   3. 20 Expert Systems and the AI Winters pages 76 to 79
   4. 21 Knowledge-Based Expert Systems, Artificial Intelligence and ERP pages 80 to 83

   Module 06 14 chapters

   1. 22 Malicious Software: The Taxonomy pages 84 to 88
   2. 23 Viruses: The Four Phases, the Structure and the Types pages 89 to 95
   3. 24 Worms, and the Ones That Made History pages 96 to 102
   4. 25 Trojans, Ransomware and Remote Access Tools pages 103 to 107
   5. 26 Hacker Classes, Hacktivism and the Types of Hacking pages 108 to 112
   6. 27 Intruders: Who They Are and What They Do pages 113 to 118
   7. 28 Internal Threats and Software Vulnerability pages 119 to 122
   8. 29 Types of Firewalls pages 123 to 129
   9. 30 Intrusion Detection: Statistical Anomaly and Rule-Based pages 130 to 135
   10. 31 Virus Countermeasures pages 136 to 141
   11. 32 Damage to Computers: Section 43 pages 142 to 145
   12. 33 Failure to Protect Data and Other Penalties: Sections 43A to 45 pages 146 to 149
   13. 34 Offences against Computers and Code: Sections 65, 66 and 66B pages 150 to 153
   14. 35 Confidentiality: Sections 72 and 72A pages 154 to 157

   Module 07 2 chapters

   1. 36 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems pages 158 to 160
   2. 37 The Moral and Legal Dimensions of Information Systems pages 161 to 164

2. English for Law

   Official Notes munotes.in

   English for Law

   SPPU B.B.A. LL.B. (FIVE YEARS) · SEMESTER 2

   Strictly as per the CBCS 2023 syllabus of Savitribai Phule Pune University, as amended on 18 July 2024

   For students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and all its affiliated law colleges

   munotes.in First Year

   English for Law

   Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.

   Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.

   This book is for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.

   Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in

   The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.

   munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and its affiliated law colleges. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to Savitribai Phule Pune University. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.

   Contents

   Module 01 Language and Law

   1. What Is Language? Its Definition and Nature 1
   2. The Meaning of Law 5
   3. Law, Custom and Justice 14
   4. Language and Law 21
   5. Characteristics of Legal Language 30
   6. The Languages of Indian Law: The Constitution, the Courts and Translation 38

   Module 02 Semantics and Role of Meaning in Law

   1. The Concept of Meaning 48
   2. The Seven Types of Meaning 51
   3. Lexical Relations: Synonymy, Antonymy, Hyponymy, Homophones and Homographs, and Polysemy 54
   4. Homophones 58
   5. Words Often Confused 66
   6. Syntactic Ambiguity: When One Sentence Has Two Meanings 71

   Module 03 Communication Skills

   1. What Communication Is: Meaning, Definitions, Features and Process 74
   2. The Types of Communication, and the Grapevine 79
   3. Oral Communication: Its Channels, Merits and Limits 83

   Contents continued

   Module 03 continued Communication Skills

   1. Written Communication and Its Types 87
   2. Body Language and Other Non-Verbal Communication 91

   Module 04 Formal Correspondence

   1. Notices: the Public Notice and the Legal Notice 95
   2. Meetings: Notice, Agenda and Minutes 100
   3. Effective Letter Writing 104
   4. The Letter of Complaint and Other Official Letters 107
   5. The Letter of Application, and the Resume 111
   6. Email Correspondence 114
   7. Report Writing 118

   Module 05 Introduction to Legal Vocabulary

   1. Legal Terms, Part 1: Abduction to Defamation 126
   2. Legal Terms, Part 2: Defendant to Ownership 129
   3. Legal Terms, Part 3: Parole to Will 132
   4. Vocabulary for a Law Student 135
   5. Ex Parte, Discharge, Acquittal and Conviction 142
   6. Judgment, Appeal, Review, Revision and Reference 149
   7. Foreign Phrases: The Thirty on SPPU's List 158

   Contents continued

   Module 05 continued Introduction to Legal Vocabulary

   1. Foreign Terminology in Law: Latin, French and Other Borrowed Terms 161
   2. The Fifteen Legal Maxims on SPPU's List 165
   3. Legal Maxims: the First Eight 168
   4. Legal Maxims: the Remaining Seven 177

   Page 1 onwards

   185 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.

   Notes

   2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 185 pages.

   Every chapter in the notes: 35 chapters across 5 modules

   Module 01 6 chapters

   1. 1 What Is Language? Its Definition and Nature pages 1 to 4
   2. 2 The Meaning of Law pages 5 to 13
   3. 3 Law, Custom and Justice pages 14 to 20
   4. 4 Language and Law pages 21 to 29
   5. 5 Characteristics of Legal Language pages 30 to 37
   6. 6 The Languages of Indian Law: The Constitution, the Courts and Translation pages 38 to 47

   Module 02 6 chapters

   1. 7 The Concept of Meaning pages 48 to 50
   2. 8 The Seven Types of Meaning pages 51 to 53
   3. 9 Lexical Relations: Synonymy, Antonymy, Hyponymy, Homophones and Homographs, and Polysemy pages 54 to 57
   4. 10 Homophones pages 58 to 65
   5. 11 Words Often Confused pages 66 to 70
   6. 12 Syntactic Ambiguity: When One Sentence Has Two Meanings pages 71 to 73

   Module 03 5 chapters

   1. 13 What Communication Is: Meaning, Definitions, Features and Process pages 74 to 78
   2. 14 The Types of Communication, and the Grapevine pages 79 to 82
   3. 15 Oral Communication: Its Channels, Merits and Limits pages 83 to 86
   4. 16 Written Communication and Its Types pages 87 to 90
   5. 17 Body Language and Other Non-Verbal Communication pages 91 to 94

   Module 04 7 chapters

   1. 18 Notices: the Public Notice and the Legal Notice pages 95 to 99
   2. 19 Meetings: Notice, Agenda and Minutes pages 100 to 103
   3. 20 Effective Letter Writing pages 104 to 106
   4. 21 The Letter of Complaint and Other Official Letters pages 107 to 110
   5. 22 The Letter of Application, and the Resume pages 111 to 113
   6. 23 Email Correspondence pages 114 to 117
   7. 24 Report Writing pages 118 to 125

   Module 05 11 chapters

   1. 25 Legal Terms, Part 1: Abduction to Defamation pages 126 to 128
   2. 26 Legal Terms, Part 2: Defendant to Ownership pages 129 to 131
   3. 27 Legal Terms, Part 3: Parole to Will pages 132 to 134
   4. 28 Vocabulary for a Law Student pages 135 to 141
   5. 29 Ex Parte, Discharge, Acquittal and Conviction pages 142 to 148
   6. 30 Judgment, Appeal, Review, Revision and Reference pages 149 to 157
   7. 31 Foreign Phrases: The Thirty on SPPU's List pages 158 to 160
   8. 32 Foreign Terminology in Law: Latin, French and Other Borrowed Terms pages 161 to 164
   9. 33 The Fifteen Legal Maxims on SPPU's List pages 165 to 167
   10. 34 Legal Maxims: the First Eight pages 168 to 176
   11. 35 Legal Maxims: the Remaining Seven pages 177 to 185

3. Principles of Marketing

   Official Notes munotes.in

   Principles of Marketing

   SPPU B.B.A. LL.B. (FIVE YEARS) · SEMESTER 2

   Strictly as per the CBCS 2023 syllabus of Savitribai Phule Pune University, as amended on 18 July 2024

   For students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and all its affiliated law colleges

   munotes.in First Year

   Principles of Marketing

   Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.

   Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.

   This book is for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.

   Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in

   The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.

   munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and its affiliated law colleges. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to Savitribai Phule Pune University. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.

   Contents

   Module 01 Introduction of Marketing

   1. What Marketing Is 1
   2. How Marketing Thought Evolved 5
   3. The Features of Marketing 9
   4. Why Marketing Matters to a Firm and to Society 12
   5. The Functions of Marketing 15
   6. The Role and Functions of a Marketing Manager 18
   7. The Relevance of Marketing in a Developing Economy 20

   Module 02 Marketing Environment and Market Segmentation

   1. The Marketing Environment: Meaning, Micro and Macro 24
   2. The Demographic and Economic Environment 28
   3. The Socio-Cultural Environment 32
   4. The Natural and Technological Environment 35
   5. The Political and Legal Environment 38
   6. Market Segmentation: Meaning, Definition and Need 42
   7. The Bases of Market Segmentation 45

   Module 03 Classification and Types of Markets

   1. Traditional Marketing and the Classification of Markets 48
   2. The Marketing Mix: Meaning and Elements 51
   3. Services: Meaning and Characteristics 54

   Contents continued

   Module 03 continued Classification and Types of Markets

   1. The Classification of Services 57
   2. The Marketing Mix in the Service Industry: The Seven Ps 60
   3. The Growth of the Service Sector in India 63
   4. Rural Marketing: Meaning, Features, Importance, Difficulties and Suggestions 67

   Module 04 Recent Trends in Marketing

   1. Recent Trends in Marketing 71
   2. Green Marketing 74
   3. Relationship Marketing 78
   4. Customer Relationship Management 82
   5. Retailing 86
   6. Tele-Marketing 90
   7. E-Business 94
   8. M-Business 98
   9. E-Marketing: Meaning, Definition and Tools 101

   Page 1 onwards

   103 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.

   Notes

   2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 103 pages.

   Every chapter in the notes: 30 chapters across 4 modules

   Module 01 7 chapters

   1. 1 What Marketing Is pages 1 to 4
   2. 2 How Marketing Thought Evolved pages 5 to 8
   3. 3 The Features of Marketing pages 9 to 11
   4. 4 Why Marketing Matters to a Firm and to Society pages 12 to 14
   5. 5 The Functions of Marketing pages 15 to 17
   6. 6 The Role and Functions of a Marketing Manager pages 18 to 19
   7. 7 The Relevance of Marketing in a Developing Economy pages 20 to 23

   Module 02 7 chapters

   1. 8 The Marketing Environment: Meaning, Micro and Macro pages 24 to 27
   2. 9 The Demographic and Economic Environment pages 28 to 31
   3. 10 The Socio-Cultural Environment pages 32 to 34
   4. 11 The Natural and Technological Environment pages 35 to 37
   5. 12 The Political and Legal Environment pages 38 to 41
   6. 13 Market Segmentation: Meaning, Definition and Need pages 42 to 44
   7. 14 The Bases of Market Segmentation pages 45 to 47

   Module 03 7 chapters

   1. 15 Traditional Marketing and the Classification of Markets pages 48 to 50
   2. 16 The Marketing Mix: Meaning and Elements pages 51 to 53
   3. 17 Services: Meaning and Characteristics pages 54 to 56
   4. 18 The Classification of Services pages 57 to 59
   5. 19 The Marketing Mix in the Service Industry: The Seven Ps pages 60 to 62
   6. 20 The Growth of the Service Sector in India pages 63 to 66
   7. 21 Rural Marketing: Meaning, Features, Importance, Difficulties and Suggestions pages 67 to 70

   Module 04 9 chapters

   1. 22 Recent Trends in Marketing pages 71 to 73
   2. 23 Green Marketing pages 74 to 77
   3. 24 Relationship Marketing pages 78 to 81
   4. 25 Customer Relationship Management pages 82 to 85
   5. 26 Retailing pages 86 to 89
   6. 27 Tele-Marketing pages 90 to 93
   7. 28 E-Business pages 94 to 97
   8. 29 M-Business pages 98 to 100
   9. 30 E-Marketing: Meaning, Definition and Tools pages 101 to 103

4. Organisational Behaviours

   Official Notes munotes.in

   Organisational Behaviours

   SPPU B.B.A. LL.B. (FIVE YEARS) · SEMESTER 2

   Strictly as per the CBCS 2023 syllabus of Savitribai Phule Pune University, as amended on 18 July 2024

   For students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and all its affiliated law colleges

   munotes.in First Year

   Organisational Behaviours

   Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.

   Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.

   This book is for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.

   Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in

   The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.

   munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of Savitribai Phule Pune University and its affiliated law colleges. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to Savitribai Phule Pune University. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.

   Contents

   Module 01 Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour

   1. What Organisational Behaviour Is: Definition, Nature, Scope, Goals and Fundamental Concepts 1
   2. Elton Mayo and the Hawthorne Experiments 3
   3. Models of Organisational Behaviour 8
   4. Organisational Behaviour in the Legal Profession 10

   Module 02 Attitude, Values and Motivation

   1. Attitudes and Values at Work 12
   2. Motivation: Meaning, Features, Importance, Types and Theories 14
   3. Maslow's Theory: The Hierarchy of Needs 18
   4. McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y 22

   Module 03 Personality

   1. Personality: Definition and Determinants 26
   2. Theories of Personality: The Big Five, the Myers-Briggs Type and Locus of Control 28

   Module 04 Stress Management

   1. Stress: Meaning, Sources, Causes and Effects 30
   2. Stress Management, Including in the Legal Profession 32

   Contents continued

   Module 05 Conflict in Organizations

   1. Conflict and Conflict Management 34
   2. The Process and Types of Conflict 37

   Module 06 Group Behaviour and Change in Organization

   1. Groups: Nature and Types 39
   2. Formal and Informal Organisation 41
   3. Organisational Change, and Resistance to It 45

   Module 07 Team and Leadership Development

   1. Working in Teams 47
   2. Team Building and Team Effectiveness 52
   3. Leadership: Meaning, Features, Importance and Qualities 54
   4. Leadership Styles 58

   Module 08 Emerging aspects of Organizational Behaviour

   1. Total Quality Management 62
   2. Managing Cultural Diversity, and Quality Circles 64
   3. Total Employee Involvement and Organisational Change 66

   Page 1 onwards

   67 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.

   Notes

   2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 67 pages.

   Every chapter in the notes: 24 chapters across 8 modules

   Module 01 4 chapters

   1. 1 What Organisational Behaviour Is: Definition, Nature, Scope, Goals and Fundamental Concepts pages 1 to 2
   2. 2 Elton Mayo and the Hawthorne Experiments pages 3 to 7
   3. 3 Models of Organisational Behaviour pages 8 to 9
   4. 4 Organisational Behaviour in the Legal Profession pages 10 to 11

   Module 02 4 chapters

   1. 5 Attitudes and Values at Work pages 12 to 13
   2. 6 Motivation: Meaning, Features, Importance, Types and Theories pages 14 to 17
   3. 7 Maslow's Theory: The Hierarchy of Needs pages 18 to 21
   4. 8 McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y pages 22 to 25

   Module 03 2 chapters

   1. 9 Personality: Definition and Determinants pages 26 to 27
   2. 10 Theories of Personality: The Big Five, the Myers-Briggs Type and Locus of Control pages 28 to 29

   Module 04 2 chapters

   1. 11 Stress: Meaning, Sources, Causes and Effects pages 30 to 31
   2. 12 Stress Management, Including in the Legal Profession pages 32 to 33

   Module 05 2 chapters

   1. 13 Conflict and Conflict Management pages 34 to 36
   2. 14 The Process and Types of Conflict pages 37 to 38

   Module 06 3 chapters

   1. 15 Groups: Nature and Types pages 39 to 40
   2. 16 Formal and Informal Organisation pages 41 to 44
   3. 17 Organisational Change, and Resistance to It pages 45 to 46

   Module 07 4 chapters

   1. 18 Working in Teams pages 47 to 51
   2. 19 Team Building and Team Effectiveness pages 52 to 53
   3. 20 Leadership: Meaning, Features, Importance and Qualities pages 54 to 57
   4. 21 Leadership Styles pages 58 to 61

   Module 08 3 chapters

   1. 22 Total Quality Management pages 62 to 63
   2. 23 Managing Cultural Diversity, and Quality Circles pages 64 to 65
   3. 24 Total Employee Involvement and Organisational Change pages 66 to 67

Questions