LL.M. Business Law Semester 3: Notes and Solved Previous Year Question Papers 2026

What do you get

• All the notes of all the subjects in Semester 3, as per the latest syllabus 2026.
• Previous year question papers, with full solutions.
• Your own dashboard, where you can track everything you have read, subject by subject.
• Valid for one year, 365 days from the day you pay.
• If the University revises the syllabus while your year is running, the notes are rewritten to match and you read the new version at no extra cost. You are never asked to buy the same semester twice.

1. Law of Insurance

   Official Notes munotes.in

   Law of Insurance

   LL.M. · SEMESTER 3

   Strictly as per the University of Mumbai LL.M. syllabus in force

   For LL.M. students of the University of Mumbai and all its affiliated law colleges

   munotes.in Group 2 Business Law

   Law of Insurance

   Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.

   Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.

   This book is free for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.

   Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in

   The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.

   munotes.in is an independent study resource for MU students. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to the University of Mumbai. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.

   Contents

   Module I

   1. What Insurance Is 1
   2. Risk and the Pooling of Loss 8
   3. How Insurance Began 13
   4. How Insurance Came to India 18
   5. The Need and Importance of Insurance 22
   6. The Functions of Insurance 27
   7. The Kinds of Insurance 31
   8. Insurance, Wager, Indemnity and Guarantee 36
   9. Social Insurance 42
   10. How an Insurance Contract Is Made 47
   11. Insurable Interest 52
   12. Utmost Good Faith 57
   13. Indemnity 64
   14. Subrogation 69
   15. Subrogation and Assignment of the Right to the Insurer 74
   16. Contribution and Double Insurance 78
   17. Proximate Cause 83
   18. Risk, and the Effect of an Alteration in It 88
   19. Warranties, Conditions and Representations 93
   20. How an Insurance Policy Is Construed 99

   Contents continued

   Module I continued

   1. The Rights and Duties of the Insured and of the Insurer 104
   2. Reinsurance 109
   3. Making a Claim, and What to Do When It Is Repudiated 114
   4. Agents, Brokers and Other Intermediaries 118
   5. Assignment and Nomination of a Policy 126
   6. The Insurance Act 1938 and Who May Insure 133
   7. Registration of an Insurer 138
   8. Capital and Capital Structure 143
   9. Accounts, Audit and the Actuary 148
   10. Returns, Inspection and the Authority’s Power to Call for Information 154
   11. Investment of an Insurer’s Assets 159
   12. Solvency, and the Premium Before the Risk 165
   13. Control over Management, and the Administrator 170
   14. The Rural and Social Sector Obligations 177
   15. Amalgamation, Transfer and Winding Up of an Insurer 182
   16. Dividends, Bonuses and the Prohibited Business 188
   17. The Life Insurance Corporation Act 1956 192
   18. How Life Insurance Was Nationalised 198
   19. Compensation for the Nationalised Insurers 204

   Contents continued

   Module I continued

   1. How the Corporation Is Governed 209
   2. The Corporation’s Money and the Surplus 216
   3. How General Insurance Was Nationalised 222
   4. The General Insurance Corporation and the Four Companies 228
   5. Privatisation and the Malhotra Committee 233
   6. Globalisation, and the Foreign Investment Cap 238
   7. The Authority: Establishment, Composition and Tenure 243
   8. The Duties, Powers and Functions of the Authority 249
   9. The Authority’s Money, and Its Accountability 254
   10. The Insurance Association of India and the Councils 260
   11. Penalties, Adjudication and Appeal 265
   12. Rules, Regulations and Subsidiary Instructions 271
   13. The Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha Act 2025 278
   14. Where the Indian Insurance Sector Stands 283
   15. Where an Insurance Dispute Is Decided 288

   Module II

   1. The Nature of a Life Insurance Contract 293
   2. The Events Insured, and the Factors Affecting Risk 298
   3. The Principles of Life Insurance 303

   Contents continued

   Module II continued

   1. Section 45: The Three Year Rule 308
   2. The Scope and Objects of Life Insurance 315
   3. Kinds of Life Policy 320
   4. The Life Policy as Property 325
   5. Premium, Lapse, Revival and Surrender Value 331
   6. The Life Claim 336
   7. Personal Accident Insurance 342
   8. What Counts as an Accident 347
   9. Health Insurance and Mediclaim 352
   10. Sickness, Critical Illness and Group Health Cover 358
   11. How a Health Claim Is Regulated 363
   12. The Marine Insurance Act 1963 368
   13. What a Contract of Marine Insurance Is 374
   14. Insurable Interest in Marine Insurance 379
   15. Disclosure and Representation in Marine Insurance 386
   16. The Marine Policy 392
   17. Warranties in Marine Insurance 399
   18. Seaworthiness and Cargoworthiness 405
   19. The Voyage: Deviation and Delay 411

   Contents continued

   Module II continued

   1. Assignment of a Marine Policy, and the Premium 418
   2. Perils of the Sea 423
   3. Total Loss and Abandonment 429
   4. Particular Average, General Average and Salvage 436
   5. The Measure of Indemnity 443
   6. Subrogation, Contribution and Under Insurance at Sea 450
   7. Hull, Cargo and Freight Insurance 456
   8. The Institute Clauses and the Indian Market 461
   9. Return of Premium, and the Closing Provisions 467

   Module III

   1. Property Insurance, and What It Covers 478
   2. Fire Insurance, and the Meaning of Fire 484
   3. The Standard Fire and Special Perils Policy 489
   4. The General Conditions of a Fire Policy 496
   5. The Exclusions in a Fire Policy 505
   6. Under Insurance, Average and Reinstatement 511
   7. Earthquake, Flood and the STFI Group 517
   8. Riot, Strike, Malicious Damage and Terrorism 522
   9. Burglary and Theft Insurance 528

   Contents continued

   Module III continued

   1. Accidental Loss and Damage, and the All Risks Form 534
   2. The Bharat Products 539
   3. Engineering and Machinery Insurance 546
   4. Business Interruption Insurance 551
   5. Crop, Cattle and Rural Property Insurance 557
   6. The Property Claim, and the Surveyor 563

   Module IV

   1. Liability Insurance 571
   2. Contractual and Legal Liabilities 577
   3. Accidents Arising under Tort: Negligence 582
   4. Strict and Absolute Liability 588
   5. Accidents Arising under Contract 594
   6. Accident Policies 600
   7. Assessment of Liability and Compensation 606
   8. Contributory Negligence 611
   9. Professional Negligence Insurance 617
   10. Product and Public Liability at Common Law 623
   11. Employee's Compensation under the Code 629
   12. Employees' State Insurance under the Code 637

   Contents continued

   Module IV continued

   1. Modern Liability Covers 644
   2. Compulsory Insurance 649
   3. The Necessity for Motor Third Party Cover 654
   4. What the Policy Must Cover 659
   5. The Certificate of Insurance 665
   6. The Third Party's Direct Right against the Insurer 670
   7. The Insurer's Defences, and How the Courts Have Narrowed Them 677
   8. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal 685
   9. The Powers, Procedure and Functions of the Tribunal 690
   10. Who May Claim, and against Whom 696
   11. Assessment of Compensation in a Fatal Claim 702
   12. Assessment of Compensation for Injury 707
   13. No Fault Liability and Section 164 712
   14. Hit and Run, the Golden Hour and the Fund 717
   15. Public Liability Insurance: the Duty to Insure 723
   16. Claiming under the Public Liability Insurance Act 730
   17. The Other Statutory Compulsions 738

   Page 1 onwards

   745 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.

   Notes

   2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 745 pages.

   Papers

   Previous year question paper solutions. Revised edition 2026. 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2023, 2025, 2026

   Every chapter in the notes: 129 chapters across 4 modules

   Module I 54 chapters

   1. 1 What Insurance Is pages 1–7
   2. 2 Risk and the Pooling of Loss pages 8–12
   3. 3 How Insurance Began pages 13–17
   4. 4 How Insurance Came to India pages 18–21
   5. 5 The Need and Importance of Insurance pages 22–26
   6. 6 The Functions of Insurance pages 27–30
   7. 7 The Kinds of Insurance pages 31–35
   8. 8 Insurance, Wager, Indemnity and Guarantee pages 36–41
   9. 9 Social Insurance pages 42–46
   10. 10 How an Insurance Contract Is Made pages 47–51
   11. 11 Insurable Interest pages 52–56
   12. 12 Utmost Good Faith pages 57–63
   13. 13 Indemnity pages 64–68
   14. 14 Subrogation pages 69–73
   15. 15 Subrogation and Assignment of the Right to the Insurer pages 74–77
   16. 16 Contribution and Double Insurance pages 78–82
   17. 17 Proximate Cause pages 83–87
   18. 18 Risk, and the Effect of an Alteration in It pages 88–92
   19. 19 Warranties, Conditions and Representations pages 93–98
   20. 20 How an Insurance Policy Is Construed pages 99–103
   21. 21 The Rights and Duties of the Insured and of the Insurer pages 104–108
   22. 22 Reinsurance pages 109–113
   23. 23 Making a Claim, and What to Do When It Is Repudiated pages 114–117
   24. 24 Agents, Brokers and Other Intermediaries pages 118–125
   25. 25 Assignment and Nomination of a Policy pages 126–132
   26. 26 The Insurance Act 1938 and Who May Insure pages 133–137
   27. 27 Registration of an Insurer pages 138–142
   28. 28 Capital and Capital Structure pages 143–147
   29. 29 Accounts, Audit and the Actuary pages 148–153
   30. 30 Returns, Inspection and the Authority’s Power to Call for Information pages 154–158
   31. 31 Investment of an Insurer’s Assets pages 159–164
   32. 32 Solvency, and the Premium Before the Risk pages 165–169
   33. 33 Control over Management, and the Administrator pages 170–176
   34. 34 The Rural and Social Sector Obligations pages 177–181
   35. 35 Amalgamation, Transfer and Winding Up of an Insurer pages 182–187
   36. 36 Dividends, Bonuses and the Prohibited Business pages 188–191
   37. 37 The Life Insurance Corporation Act 1956 pages 192–197
   38. 38 How Life Insurance Was Nationalised pages 198–203
   39. 39 Compensation for the Nationalised Insurers pages 204–208
   40. 40 How the Corporation Is Governed pages 209–215
   41. 41 The Corporation’s Money and the Surplus pages 216–221
   42. 42 How General Insurance Was Nationalised pages 222–227
   43. 43 The General Insurance Corporation and the Four Companies pages 228–232
   44. 44 Privatisation and the Malhotra Committee pages 233–237
   45. 45 Globalisation, and the Foreign Investment Cap pages 238–242
   46. 46 The Authority: Establishment, Composition and Tenure pages 243–248
   47. 47 The Duties, Powers and Functions of the Authority pages 249–253
   48. 48 The Authority’s Money, and Its Accountability pages 254–259
   49. 49 The Insurance Association of India and the Councils pages 260–264
   50. 50 Penalties, Adjudication and Appeal pages 265–270
   51. 51 Rules, Regulations and Subsidiary Instructions pages 271–277
   52. 52 The Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha Act 2025 pages 278–282
   53. 53 Where the Indian Insurance Sector Stands pages 283–287
   54. 54 Where an Insurance Dispute Is Decided pages 288–292

   Module II 31 chapters

   1. 55 The Nature of a Life Insurance Contract pages 293–297
   2. 56 The Events Insured, and the Factors Affecting Risk pages 298–302
   3. 57 The Principles of Life Insurance pages 303–307
   4. 58 Section 45: The Three Year Rule pages 308–314
   5. 59 The Scope and Objects of Life Insurance pages 315–319
   6. 60 Kinds of Life Policy pages 320–324
   7. 61 The Life Policy as Property pages 325–330
   8. 62 Premium, Lapse, Revival and Surrender Value pages 331–335
   9. 63 The Life Claim pages 336–341
   10. 64 Personal Accident Insurance pages 342–346
   11. 65 What Counts as an Accident pages 347–351
   12. 66 Health Insurance and Mediclaim pages 352–357
   13. 67 Sickness, Critical Illness and Group Health Cover pages 358–362
   14. 68 How a Health Claim Is Regulated pages 363–367
   15. 69 The Marine Insurance Act 1963 pages 368–373
   16. 70 What a Contract of Marine Insurance Is pages 374–378
   17. 71 Insurable Interest in Marine Insurance pages 379–385
   18. 72 Disclosure and Representation in Marine Insurance pages 386–391
   19. 73 The Marine Policy pages 392–398
   20. 74 Warranties in Marine Insurance pages 399–404
   21. 75 Seaworthiness and Cargoworthiness pages 405–410
   22. 76 The Voyage: Deviation and Delay pages 411–417
   23. 77 Assignment of a Marine Policy, and the Premium pages 418–422
   24. 78 Perils of the Sea pages 423–428
   25. 79 Total Loss and Abandonment pages 429–435
   26. 80 Particular Average, General Average and Salvage pages 436–442
   27. 81 The Measure of Indemnity pages 443–449
   28. 82 Subrogation, Contribution and Under Insurance at Sea pages 450–455
   29. 83 Hull, Cargo and Freight Insurance pages 456–460
   30. 84 The Institute Clauses and the Indian Market pages 461–466
   31. 85 Return of Premium, and the Closing Provisions pages 467–477

   Module III 15 chapters

   1. 86 Property Insurance, and What It Covers pages 478–483
   2. 87 Fire Insurance, and the Meaning of Fire pages 484–488
   3. 88 The Standard Fire and Special Perils Policy pages 489–495
   4. 89 The General Conditions of a Fire Policy pages 496–504
   5. 90 The Exclusions in a Fire Policy pages 505–510
   6. 91 Under Insurance, Average and Reinstatement pages 511–516
   7. 92 Earthquake, Flood and the STFI Group pages 517–521
   8. 93 Riot, Strike, Malicious Damage and Terrorism pages 522–527
   9. 94 Burglary and Theft Insurance pages 528–533
   10. 95 Accidental Loss and Damage, and the All Risks Form pages 534–538
   11. 96 The Bharat Products pages 539–545
   12. 97 Engineering and Machinery Insurance pages 546–550
   13. 98 Business Interruption Insurance pages 551–556
   14. 99 Crop, Cattle and Rural Property Insurance pages 557–562
   15. 100 The Property Claim, and the Surveyor pages 563–570

   Module IV 29 chapters

   1. 101 Liability Insurance pages 571–576
   2. 102 Contractual and Legal Liabilities pages 577–581
   3. 103 Accidents Arising under Tort: Negligence pages 582–587
   4. 104 Strict and Absolute Liability pages 588–593
   5. 105 Accidents Arising under Contract pages 594–599
   6. 106 Accident Policies pages 600–605
   7. 107 Assessment of Liability and Compensation pages 606–610
   8. 108 Contributory Negligence pages 611–616
   9. 109 Professional Negligence Insurance pages 617–622
   10. 110 Product and Public Liability at Common Law pages 623–628
   11. 111 Employee's Compensation under the Code pages 629–636
   12. 112 Employees' State Insurance under the Code pages 637–643
   13. 113 Modern Liability Covers pages 644–648
   14. 114 Compulsory Insurance pages 649–653
   15. 115 The Necessity for Motor Third Party Cover pages 654–658
   16. 116 What the Policy Must Cover pages 659–664
   17. 117 The Certificate of Insurance pages 665–669
   18. 118 The Third Party's Direct Right against the Insurer pages 670–676
   19. 119 The Insurer's Defences, and How the Courts Have Narrowed Them pages 677–684
   20. 120 The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal pages 685–689
   21. 121 The Powers, Procedure and Functions of the Tribunal pages 690–695
   22. 122 Who May Claim, and against Whom pages 696–701
   23. 123 Assessment of Compensation in a Fatal Claim pages 702–706
   24. 124 Assessment of Compensation for Injury pages 707–711
   25. 125 No Fault Liability and Section 164 pages 712–716
   26. 126 Hit and Run, the Golden Hour and the Fund pages 717–722
   27. 127 Public Liability Insurance: the Duty to Insure pages 723–729
   28. 128 Claiming under the Public Liability Insurance Act pages 730–737
   29. 129 The Other Statutory Compulsions pages 738–745
   Every paper that is solved: 7 papers

   • 2025-26
   • 2024-25
   • 2023
   • 2019
   • 2018
   • 2016
   • 2015

2. Banking Laws

   Official Notes munotes.in

   Banking Laws

   LL.M. · SEMESTER 3

   Strictly as per the University of Mumbai LL.M. syllabus in force

   For LL.M. students of the University of Mumbai and all its affiliated law colleges

   munotes.in Group 2 Business Law

   Banking Laws

   Copyright © 2026 munotes.in. All rights reserved.

   Written and first published by munotes.in, 2026.

   This book is free for individual students to read at munotes.in. No part of it may be reproduced, distributed, stored, translated or used for institutional or classroom purposes in any form without a prior written licence from munotes.in.

   Licensing and permissions: contact@munotes.in

   The text of statutes and of judgments reproduced in this book is in the public domain under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957. The commentary, arrangement, examples and questions are the original work of munotes.in.

   munotes.in is an independent study resource for MU students. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or officially connected to the University of Mumbai. Course names and university references describe the students and syllabus the material relates to.

   Contents

   Module I

   1. What Banking Is 1
   2. How Banking Grew in India 6
   3. The Structure of the Indian Banking System 12
   4. What Banks Do, and the Multifunctional Bank 17
   5. The Banking Regulation Act: Scheme and Application 21
   6. Forms of Business and the Fences 26
   7. Licensing of Banks and Branches 32
   8. Capital, Management and the Limits on a Bank's Own Lending 38
   9. Accounts, Audit, Returns and Inspection 45
   10. The Reserve Bank's Power to Control a Bank 51
   11. When a Bank Fails: Moratorium and Winding Up 58
   12. Saving a Bank: Amalgamation and Reconstruction 67
   13. Protecting the Depositor 74
   14. Co-operative Banks under the Act 81
   15. Penalties and the Rest of the Act 87

   Module II

   1. Social Control over Banking 94
   2. Nationalisation of the Banks 99
   3. Priority Sector Lending and the Lead Bank Scheme 104

   Contents continued

   Module II continued

   1. Rural and Co-operative Credit: NABARD and the RRBs 110
   2. Deposit Insurance: the DICGC 115
   3. Financial Inclusion 121
   4. The Reserve Bank: Establishment, Capital and Management 126
   5. What the Reserve Bank Does: Its Functions 133
   6. Currency and Legal Tender 140
   7. The Issue Department and the Currency Chest 147
   8. Monetary Policy and Credit Control 153
   9. The Monetary Policy Committee 160
   10. Regulating the Non-Banking Sector 167
   11. Credit Information, Governance and Penalties 176

   Module III

   1. Who Is a Banker and Who Is a Customer 184
   2. The Special Relationships: Trustee, Agent and Bailee 191
   3. The Banker's Rights: Lien, Set-off and Appropriation 198
   4. The Banker's Duties: To Honour, and To Keep Secrets 205
   5. Garnishee Orders and the Attachment of Accounts 212
   6. Special Classes of Customer 218
   7. Deposit Accounts, the Passbook and Nomination 225

   Contents continued

   Module III continued

   1. The Customer's Remedies: Ombudsman and Consumer Protection 232
   2. What a Negotiable Instrument Is 238
   3. Cheques, Truncated and Electronic 246
   4. Holder, Holder in Due Course and the Presumptions 252
   5. Negotiation, Indorsement and Liability of the Parties 260
   6. Presentment, Acceptance and Payment 267
   7. Discharge, Material Alteration and Dishonour 275
   8. Crossing of Cheques 284
   9. Protection of the Paying and Collecting Banker 291
   10. Dishonour of a Cheque as an Offence 299
   11. Hundis, and the Rest of the Negotiable Instruments Act 309

   Module IV

   1. The Principles of Sound Lending 315
   2. Kinds of Lending: Cash Credit, Overdraft and Term Loans 321
   3. Securities for Advances 328
   4. Guarantees and Letters of Credit 335
   5. The Statutory Limits on Lending, and Interest 342
   6. Non-Performing Assets and the Defaulter 349
   7. Recovery before the Tribunals: the Debts Recovery Tribunal 356

   Contents continued

   Module IV continued

   1. The Recovery Application and the Rest of the RDB Act 364
   2. Enforcement without Court: SARFAESI 373
   3. SARFAESI: Companies, Registration, Priority and the Rest 382
   4. The Wider Recovery Map: Lok Adalats and the Insolvency Code 392
   5. Automation and Core Banking 400
   6. Electronic Banking: Internet, Mobile, ATM and Cards 406
   7. Payment Systems: RTGS, NEFT, IMPS and UPI 413
   8. Digital Money: the Digital Rupee and Cryptocurrency 419
   9. New Institutions: Payments Banks and Small Finance Banks 426
   10. Consolidation, Mergers and Ownership 432
   11. Frauds and Cybersecurity in Banking 438
   12. The Banking Laws (Amendment) Act 2025 445

   Page 1 onwards

   453 pages in this book. The cover and the contents are above. Everything from page one is in the pass.

   Notes

   2026 Edition, as per the latest syllabus. 453 pages.

   Papers

   Previous year question paper solutions. Revised edition 2026. 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2023, 2025, 2026

   Every chapter in the notes: 66 chapters across 4 modules

   Module I 15 chapters

   1. 1 What Banking Is pages 1–5
   2. 2 How Banking Grew in India pages 6–11
   3. 3 The Structure of the Indian Banking System pages 12–16
   4. 4 What Banks Do, and the Multifunctional Bank pages 17–20
   5. 5 The Banking Regulation Act: Scheme and Application pages 21–25
   6. 6 Forms of Business and the Fences pages 26–31
   7. 7 Licensing of Banks and Branches pages 32–37
   8. 8 Capital, Management and the Limits on a Bank's Own Lending pages 38–44
   9. 9 Accounts, Audit, Returns and Inspection pages 45–50
   10. 10 The Reserve Bank's Power to Control a Bank pages 51–57
   11. 11 When a Bank Fails: Moratorium and Winding Up pages 58–66
   12. 12 Saving a Bank: Amalgamation and Reconstruction pages 67–73
   13. 13 Protecting the Depositor pages 74–80
   14. 14 Co-operative Banks under the Act pages 81–86
   15. 15 Penalties and the Rest of the Act pages 87–93

   Module II 14 chapters

   1. 16 Social Control over Banking pages 94–98
   2. 17 Nationalisation of the Banks pages 99–103
   3. 18 Priority Sector Lending and the Lead Bank Scheme pages 104–109
   4. 19 Rural and Co-operative Credit: NABARD and the RRBs pages 110–114
   5. 20 Deposit Insurance: the DICGC pages 115–120
   6. 21 Financial Inclusion pages 121–125
   7. 22 The Reserve Bank: Establishment, Capital and Management pages 126–132
   8. 23 What the Reserve Bank Does: Its Functions pages 133–139
   9. 24 Currency and Legal Tender pages 140–146
   10. 25 The Issue Department and the Currency Chest pages 147–152
   11. 26 Monetary Policy and Credit Control pages 153–159
   12. 27 The Monetary Policy Committee pages 160–166
   13. 28 Regulating the Non-Banking Sector pages 167–175
   14. 29 Credit Information, Governance and Penalties pages 176–183

   Module III 18 chapters

   1. 30 Who Is a Banker and Who Is a Customer pages 184–190
   2. 31 The Special Relationships: Trustee, Agent and Bailee pages 191–197
   3. 32 The Banker's Rights: Lien, Set-off and Appropriation pages 198–204
   4. 33 The Banker's Duties: To Honour, and To Keep Secrets pages 205–211
   5. 34 Garnishee Orders and the Attachment of Accounts pages 212–217
   6. 35 Special Classes of Customer pages 218–224
   7. 36 Deposit Accounts, the Passbook and Nomination pages 225–231
   8. 37 The Customer's Remedies: Ombudsman and Consumer Protection pages 232–237
   9. 38 What a Negotiable Instrument Is pages 238–245
   10. 39 Cheques, Truncated and Electronic pages 246–251
   11. 40 Holder, Holder in Due Course and the Presumptions pages 252–259
   12. 41 Negotiation, Indorsement and Liability of the Parties pages 260–266
   13. 42 Presentment, Acceptance and Payment pages 267–274
   14. 43 Discharge, Material Alteration and Dishonour pages 275–283
   15. 44 Crossing of Cheques pages 284–290
   16. 45 Protection of the Paying and Collecting Banker pages 291–298
   17. 46 Dishonour of a Cheque as an Offence pages 299–308
   18. 47 Hundis, and the Rest of the Negotiable Instruments Act pages 309–314

   Module IV 19 chapters

   1. 48 The Principles of Sound Lending pages 315–320
   2. 49 Kinds of Lending: Cash Credit, Overdraft and Term Loans pages 321–327
   3. 50 Securities for Advances pages 328–334
   4. 51 Guarantees and Letters of Credit pages 335–341
   5. 52 The Statutory Limits on Lending, and Interest pages 342–348
   6. 53 Non-Performing Assets and the Defaulter pages 349–355
   7. 54 Recovery before the Tribunals: the Debts Recovery Tribunal pages 356–363
   8. 55 The Recovery Application and the Rest of the RDB Act pages 364–372
   9. 56 Enforcement without Court: SARFAESI pages 373–381
   10. 57 SARFAESI: Companies, Registration, Priority and the Rest pages 382–391
   11. 58 The Wider Recovery Map: Lok Adalats and the Insolvency Code pages 392–399
   12. 59 Automation and Core Banking pages 400–405
   13. 60 Electronic Banking: Internet, Mobile, ATM and Cards pages 406–412
   14. 61 Payment Systems: RTGS, NEFT, IMPS and UPI pages 413–418
   15. 62 Digital Money: the Digital Rupee and Cryptocurrency pages 419–425
   16. 63 New Institutions: Payments Banks and Small Finance Banks pages 426–431
   17. 64 Consolidation, Mergers and Ownership pages 432–437
   18. 65 Frauds and Cybersecurity in Banking pages 438–444
   19. 66 The Banking Laws (Amendment) Act 2025 pages 445–453
   Every paper that is solved: 7 papers

   • 2025-26
   • 2024-25
   • 2023
   • 2019
   • 2018
   • 2016
   • 2015

Questions