Green IT Practices and Sustainability Notes | B.Sc. (Information Technology) Semester 6 | Mumbai University | munotes

Contents

Module I Green ICT -History, Agenda, and Challenges Ahead: Introduction, Industrial

1. What Green ICT Is 1
2. Sustainability and Sustainable Development 6
3. Energy, Power and Carbon: The Units of Green IT 10
4. The Industrial Revolution 15
5. From Coal to Climate Change 19
6. The Emergence of Information and Communication Technologies 24
7. The Internet and the Networked World 28
8. The Environmental Footprint of ICT 32
9. The Green ICT Agenda 36
10. The Challenges Ahead for Green ICT 41
11. The Rebound Effect 45
12. Emerging Technologies and Their Environmental Impact 49
13. The Number of Connected Devices 53
14. Networked Standby: The Energy of Staying Connected 57
15. Increased Functionality 62
16. Increased Number of Separate Functions 66
17. Increased Demand for Speed and Reliability 70
18. Redundancy, Availability and Their Energy Cost 74
19. Obsolescence and the Problem of Backward Compatibility 78
20. E-Waste: Where Obsolete ICT Goes 82
21. The Other Side of the Balance Sheet 87
22. Videoconferencing as an Alternative to Business Travel 94
23. Dematerialisation of the Product Chain 99
24. Travel Advice and Road Traffic Control 104
25. Intelligent Energy Metering 108
26. Building Management Systems 112
27. Saving IT: Power Management on the Desktop 117
28. Saving IT: Servers, Storage and the Server Room 122
29. Measurements and Sustainability 127
30. Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and DCiE 131
31. Beyond PUE: Water, Carbon, Energy Reuse and Renewables 136
32. Measuring IT Equipment: Utilisation and Energy Proportionality 141
33. Carbon Footprints and the Three Scopes 145
34. Scope 2: Location-Based and Market-Based Emissions 149
35. Life Cycle Assessment of ICT 153
36. Ethical Considerations in Green ICT 157
37. Greenwashing and Honest Environmental Claims 161
38. Systems Engineering for Designing Sustainable ICT-Based Architectures 166
39. Designing a Sustainable ICT Architecture: A Worked Case 171

Module II Sustainable Cloud Computing: Introduction, Challenges in the Use of Cloud

1. What Cloud Computing Is 176
2. Sustainable Cloud Computing: Why the Cloud Can Be Greener 180
3. Challenges in the Use of Cloud Computing as Green Technology 184
4. Rebound and Growing Demand in the Cloud 188
5. Cloud Computing and Sustainability 192
6. Measuring the Footprint of Cloud Workloads 196
7. Sustainable Applications of Cloud Computing 200
8. Virtualisation and Server Consolidation 204
9. Containers, Serverless and Autoscaling 208
10. Cooling and Power in Cloud Data Centres 212
11. Renewable Energy and Carbon-Aware Computing 216
12. Future Prospects of Sustainable Cloud Computing 220
13. Reflections on Sustainable Cloud Computing Applications 224
14. Comparing the Parameters of Sustainable Cloud Computing 228
15. Sustainable Software Design: Overview and Scope 232
16. The Principles of Green Software 236
17. Evaluating Sustainability Effects 240
18. The Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Score 244
19. Sustainability and the Product Life Cycle 248
20. Direct Effects: Sustainability During Use 252
21. Runtime Energy Consumption Basics 256
22. How a Processor Spends Energy: Active, Idle and Sleep 261
23. Analysing the Energy Consumption of an Application 266
24. Energy, Language and Algorithm 270
25. Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling 274
26. Clock Gating, Power Gating and Sleep States 278
27. Compiler Techniques for Lower Energy 283
28. Loop Unrolling, Vectorisation and Other Optimisations 287
29. Runtime Approaches: Governors and Energy-Aware Scheduling 292
30. Runtime Approaches in the Application 297