Fundamentals of Telecommunication Systems Notes | B.Sc. (Information Technology) Semester 1 | Mumbai University | munotes

Contents

Module I Signals and Systems

1. What a Signal Is 1
2. Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Signals 5
3. Real and Complex Signals 9
4. Where Signals Come From in a Telephone Call 13
5. What a System Is 17
6. The Three Kinds of System 20
7. Why Signals and Systems 23
8. The Notation This Book Uses 26
9. Sets 30
10. Operations on Sets 33
11. Intervals on the Real Line 37
12. Mappings 40
13. Injective, Surjective and Bijective Mappings 44
14. Functions 48
15. Sequences 51
16. Abuse of Notation 54
17. System Operators 57
18. Building a System Out of Elementary Operators 60
19. Even and Odd Signals 64
20. Periodic Signals 68
21. Bounded Signals, Energy and Power 71
22. Continuous-Time Signals and Systems: An Overview 75
23. Time Shifting 78
24. Time Reversal 82
25. Time Scaling 85
26. Combined Transformations of Time 89
27. Amplitude Scaling 93
28. Amplitude Shifting and Combined Amplitude Transformations 96
29. Testing a Function for Symmetry 99
30. Periodicity, and Sums of Periodic Functions 102
31. Energy Signals and Power Signals 106
32. The Real Exponential 110
33. The Complex Exponential and Euler's Relation 114
34. The Sinusoid 118
35. The Unit-Step and Signum Functions 122
36. The Rectangular and Triangular Functions 126
37. The Unit-Impulse Function 129
38. The Cardinal Sine Function 133
39. Building a Waveform Out of Elementary Functions 137
40. How a Continuous-Time System Is Specified 141
41. Interconnecting Systems 145
42. Memory and Memorylessness 149
43. Causality 152
44. Invertibility 156
45. Bounded-Input Bounded-Output Stability 159
46. Time Invariance 163
47. Linearity and the LTI System 167
48. Discrete-Time Signals and Systems: An Overview 171
49. Shifting and Reversing a Sequence 175
50. Downsampling and Upsampling 178
51. Amplitude Transformations of a Sequence 182
52. Symmetry of Sequences 185
53. Periodicity of Sequences 188
54. Energy and Power of a Sequence 192
55. The Unit-Impulse Sequence 195
56. The Unit-Step Sequence 198
57. Exponential Sequences 201
58. The Discrete-Time Sinusoid 204
59. Building a Sequence Out of Elementary Sequences 208
60. How a Discrete-Time System Is Specified 212
61. Memory, Causality and Invertibility in Discrete Time 215
62. Stability in Discrete Time 218
63. Time Invariance, Linearity and the Discrete-Time LTI System 222

Module II Fundamentals of 5G Networks

1. Why a Fifth Generation Was Needed 226
2. What a Generation Is 230
3. The First and Second Generations 233
4. The Third Generation and IMT-2000 236
5. LTE and the All-IP Network 239
6. IMT-Advanced, and How LTE-Advanced Met It 243
7. LTE-Advanced Pro, and What Was Still Missing 246
8. The 5G Roadmap 250
9. The IMT-2020 Requirements 253
10. Enhanced Mobile Broadband, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency and Massive Machine-Type 257
11. The Ten Pillars of 5G 261
12. What Became of Each Pillar 264
13. 5G in Europe 268
14. 5G in Asia 271
15. 5G in India 274
16. 5G in the Americas 278
17. The 5G System and Its Network Functions 281
18. The Radio Access Network, and the CU-DU Split 285
19. Non-Standalone and Standalone 289
20. FR1, FR2 and the Numerologies 292
21. What Makes 5G an Internet 296
22. The Internet of Things and the Constrained Device 299
23. How a Sensor Reaches the Internet 303
24. NB-IoT, LTE-M and RedCap 307
25. Context Awareness 310
26. Software-Defined Networking 313
27. Network Functions Virtualisation 316
28. Network Slicing 319
29. Multi-Access Edge Computing 322
30. The Cell and the Handover 325
31. Mobility Management in 5G 329
32. What Quality of Service Means 333
33. Quality of Service in the Internet 336
34. Quality of Service Control in 5G 340
35. Resource Over-Provisioning 344
36. The Emerging Approach to Resources 347
37. Why the Cell Had to Get Smaller 350
38. What a Small Cell Is 353
39. Shannon's Law and the Capacity of a Cell 357
40. The Three Ways to Add Capacity 360
41. The Gains From Densification 363
42. Mobile Data Demand 367
43. Demand Against Capacity 370
44. Backhaul 373
45. Interference, and How It Is Managed 377
46. Sites, Power and Cost 381
47. Mobility, Handover Rate and Self-Organising Networks 385
48. Conclusions and Future Directions 389