KSLU Solved Question Papers
Quantitative Techniques (Hons)
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
B.B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) · Sem 3
2022 Apr Examination
munotes.in
Mumbai
B.B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) Sem 3 Quantitative Techniques (Hons) 2022 Apr Question Paper with Solutions
First published on munotes.in on 2 November 2026.
Published by munotes.in, Mumbai.
Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
Passages from this volume may be quoted, in print, online or by an AI system, with credit: name munotes.in and link to this volume's page. The volume may not be reproduced as a whole. Full terms at munotes.in/content-license.
munotes.in is an independent study resource for students of Karnataka State Law University. It is not affiliated with Karnataka State Law University, and is not endorsed by it.
The University does not publish an official answer key for this paper. The answers in this volume are model answers, written to show how a full-mark answer is built. They are a study aid, not an authority on what an examiner marked.
The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by Karnataka State Law University at the 2022 Apr examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as Karnataka State Law University set it at the 2022 Apr examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the 2022 Apr examination, reproduced as Karnataka State Law University set them, in the order it set them. Long reading passages are shortened to their first and last lines and our summary; the original paper prints them in full. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 3 hours · Total marks 70 · 12 questions answered
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q1Define operations research. Explain the scope of operations research.[10]
Answer
For full marks, cover: a definition of operations research; its nature in brief; and its scope, explained field by field (management functions, government, defence and other sectors) and by the techniques it includes.
Definition
Operations research is a quantitative approach to decision-making. It applies scientific method, mathematical models and analysis to the problems of an organisation. Its aim is the course of action that gives the best overall result.
The term comes from British "operational research", which began in 1937 when scientists studied the use of radar in air defence. During the Second World War it was described as a scientific method of giving executive departments a quantitative basis for their decisions. Today it is treated as a branch of applied mathematics serving management, and is also called management science.
Nature in brief
Operations research is interdisciplinary, model-based and aimed at the best decision. It considers the organisation as a whole, works through a team of specialists, and uses computers for large problems. These features explain why its scope is so wide: any operation that can be described in numbers can be studied by it.
Scope of operations research
1. Production management
- Deciding the product mix that earns the most from limited machines, labour and materials.
- Scheduling and sequencing jobs on machines so that idle time is least.
- Planning the location and size of plants and warehouses.
- Deciding when worn-out machines should be replaced.
- Controlling quality by sampling.
2. Marketing management
- Choosing the advertising media that reach the most buyers within a budget.
- Fixing prices and studying the effect of competitors' moves through game theory.
- Planning the distribution of goods from factories to depots and dealers.
- Assigning salesmen to territories in the best way.
3. Financial management
- Capital budgeting: choosing among investment projects with limited funds.
- Choosing a portfolio of investments with a good return for an acceptable risk.
- Planning cash flows and working capital.
- Analysing costs and the break-even point.
4. Personnel management
- Assigning people to jobs so that total cost or time is least, by the assignment model.
- Planning recruitment and training to meet future needs.
- Scheduling shifts and duties.
5. Purchasing and inventory
- Deciding how much to buy and when to buy it.
- Finding the reorder level and safety stock.
- Choosing suppliers and taking advantage of price discounts.
6. Transport and communication
- Finding the cheapest routes and loads for goods.
- Timetabling buses, trains and aircraft.
- Planning the size of fleets and waiting facilities through queuing models.
7. Projects and construction
- Planning and controlling large projects by PERT and CPM.
- Finding the critical activities and the shortest project time at the least cost.
8. Government and public services
- Economic planning and the allocation of budgets.
- Planning hospitals, water supply and traffic.
- Decisions in agriculture, such as the best use of land, water and fertiliser.
9. Defence
The first use of operational research was military. It still helps armed forces with the deployment of men and equipment, logistics and the study of tactics.
Scope by technique
The scope of operations research can also be seen through the tools it offers.
| Technique | Typical use |
|---|---|
| Linear programming | product mix, diet and blending problems |
| Transportation model | least-cost movement of goods |
| Assignment model | giving jobs to persons or machines |
| Network analysis (PERT, CPM) | project planning and control |
| Queuing theory | waiting lines at counters and service points |
| Inventory models | order quantity and stock levels |
| Replacement models | when to replace equipment |
| Game theory | competitive decisions |
| Simulation | testing a decision on a model before using it |
Why the scope keeps growing
Three things have widened the scope of operations research since the war. First, computers can now solve models with thousands of variables in seconds. Second, businesses keep large amounts of data on sales, stocks and costs, which models can use directly. Third, competition forces firms to cut costs and serve customers faster, and OR is a proven way to do both.
Service industries now use it as much as factories. Banks use it to plan cash in branches and staff at counters. Hospitals use it to schedule operating theatres and beds. Airlines use it for crew rosters and seat pricing. Delivery firms use it to plan routes. Even courts and police can use queuing and scheduling models to reduce delays.
Limits of its scope
Operations research works best where the problem can be put into numbers. Questions of human feeling, morale or public opinion are hard to measure, so there the manager's judgment must take over. The scope of OR is therefore wide but not unlimited. Its results are only as good as the data and the assumptions put into the model.
Conclusion. Operations research is a scientific, quantitative approach to finding the best decision for an organisation. Its scope covers production, marketing, finance, personnel, inventory, transport, projects, government, agriculture and defence. Its techniques range from linear programming to simulation.
The rest of the answers
The first answer is free. The rest come with the KSLU B.B.A. LL.B. Semester 3 solved papers.
You have read the question paper and its first answer in full. Buy the solved papers once and you can read every answer of every solved paper in this semester.
Solved papers: ₹499 Already bought it? Sign in
The question paper itself stays free, and so does the syllabus.
Found an error in this volume? Report it and we will check it against the paper.