KSLU Solved Question Papers
Economic Development in India
Previous Year Question Paper with Solution
B.B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) · Sem 2
2019 Jun Examination
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Mumbai
B.B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) Sem 2 Economic Development in India 2019 Jun Question Paper with Solutions
First published on munotes.in on 21 October 2026.
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Model answers written and edited by the munotes.in editorial desk.
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The question paper reproduced here is the paper as set by Karnataka State Law University at the 2019 Jun examination.
Contents
The questions below are the paper as Karnataka State Law University set it at the 2019 Jun examination, in the order it was set.
MarksPage
MarksPage
The Paper as Set
The questions in this volume are the questions asked at the 2019 Jun examination, reproduced as Karnataka State Law University set them, in the order it set them. Long reading passages are shortened to their first and last lines and our summary; the original paper prints them in full. Only the answers are ours. See the original question paper.
Duration 3 hours · Total marks 80 · 20 questions answered
Instructions printed on the paper
- N.B. (1) Answer all five Units. (2) One essay type question and short note/problems is compulsory from each Unit. (3) Figures to the right indicate marks. (4) Answer should be written either in English/Kannada completely.
How to use this volume
Solve the paper first, under exam conditions and against the clock. Then read the answers here and mark your own. Reading a solution before attempting the question feels productive and teaches very little, because recognising an answer is not the same as being able to write one.
Q1
Unit I
(a)Examine the role of agriculture sector in Indian economy.[10]
Answer
For full marks, cover: a short introduction with the latest share of agriculture in output and jobs; the roles one by one (income, employment, food, raw materials, market for industry, exports and foreign exchange, capital and saving, labour for industry, rural welfare and price stability); the change in its role over time; its present limits; and a conclusion.
Introduction
Agriculture here means crop farming together with livestock, forestry and fishing. It was the base of the Indian economy at Independence and is still its largest employer.
Two recent official figures show its place today:
- In 2025-26 agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishing produced about 18 per cent of India's gross value added at current prices. This is the provisional estimate of the National Statistics Office, June 2026.
- In 2025 about 43 per cent of all workers were engaged in agriculture (Periodic Labour Force Survey, 2025).
So agriculture produces less than a fifth of output but gives work to more than two-fifths of the workforce. That gap explains both its importance and its problems.
Role of agriculture in the Indian economy
- Source of national income. Agriculture adds a large part of national income, about 18 per cent of gross value added in 2025-26. In a year of good monsoon, farm output lifts the growth of the whole economy. In a year of drought, growth falls.
- Largest source of employment. Agriculture is the main occupation of rural India. The 2011 Census counted 263.1 million agricultural workers: 118.8 million cultivators and 144.3 million agricultural labourers. It absorbs workers who have few other choices, though many of them are underemployed.
- Food security. Agriculture feeds the whole population. Foodgrain output reached a record 357.73 million tonnes in 2024-25 (final estimates of the Ministry of Agriculture). This output supports the public distribution system and the buffer stock. India no longer depends on food imports as it did in the 1950s and 1960s.
- Supply of raw materials to industry. Many large industries run on farm produce. Cotton feeds the textile industry, sugarcane the sugar mills, jute the jute mills, and oilseeds the vegetable oil plants. Food processing, tea, coffee, rubber and tobacco industries also depend on agriculture.
- Market for industrial goods. Farmers buy fertilisers, pesticides, tractors, pump sets, diesel and electricity. Rural families buy cloth, soap, bicycles, two-wheelers, mobile phones and other consumer goods. When farm incomes rise, demand for industrial goods rises too. When they fall, factories feel the slowdown.
- Exports and foreign exchange. India exports rice, spices, tea, coffee, marine products, fruits, vegetables and cotton. These exports earn foreign exchange, which pays for imports of machinery and fuel.
- Source of saving and capital. A prosperous farm sector saves part of its income. These savings flow through banks and cooperatives into investment in other sectors. Land revenue and taxes on farm-based goods also add to public resources.
- Supply of labour to industry and services. As farm productivity rises, fewer people are needed on the land. The surplus workers move to factories, construction and services. This transfer of labour is a central part of economic development.
- Basis of rural development. Roads, markets, storage, rural banks and cooperatives grow around agriculture. Rural incomes, health and education improve when farming does well.
- Price stability. Food is the largest item in the budget of a poor family. Good harvests keep food prices low. Poor harvests push up inflation, which hurts the poor most.
- Ecological role. Forests, soil, water and livestock are part of the farm economy. Sound farming protects these natural resources for the future.
How the role has changed
At Independence agriculture was the largest part of national income. Its share has fallen steadily as industry and services grew faster. This fall is normal in a developing economy. The worry is that the share of workers has fallen much more slowly. Too many people still depend on small farms, so income per farm worker stays low.
The Green Revolution of the late 1960s raised wheat and rice output with high-yielding seeds, fertilisers and irrigation. It ended India's dependence on food aid. Today the focus has moved to higher farm incomes, horticulture, dairy, fisheries and better markets.
Present limits of the farm sector
- Holdings are small and broken into pieces, so machines are hard to use.
- A large area still depends on the monsoon.
- Productivity per hectare is lower than in many countries.
- Farmers face weak markets, price swings and debt.
- Disguised unemployment keeps income per worker low.
These limits do not reduce the role of agriculture. They show why it needs continued investment.
Conclusion. Agriculture gives India its food, a large part of its income and the largest share of its jobs. It supplies raw materials to industry, buys industrial goods, earns foreign exchange and releases labour for other sectors. Its share in output has fallen, as development requires. Raising the productivity and income of the 43 per cent of workers still on the land remains the key to faster and fairer growth.
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