Major · Philosophy · Semester 5 · TY BA · 4 credits · 100 marks · 60 hours
Module 1: Basic Concepts in Logic
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a
Defining of logic, propositions and sentences, argument: valid argument and sound argument,
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b
Recognizing arguments (premise indicators and conclusion indicators)
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c
relation between truth and validity of an argument; inductive versus deductive arguments (theory and exercise).
Module 2: Language and Definitions
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a
Functions of language: (i) informative (ii) expressive (iii) directive (iv) ceremonial and (v) performative (theory and exercise: identifying language function).
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b
Neutral and emotive language.
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c
Definitions and their uses: (i) stipulative (ii) lexical (iii) précising (iv) theoretical and (v) persuasive (theory and exercise: identifying definitions from passages)
Module 3: Traditional classification of Propositions
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a
Traditional classification of propositions (quality, quantity and distribution)
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b
Square of opposition: contradictories, contraries, sub-contraries and subaltern (theory and exercises)
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c
Existential Import (Aristotelian and Boolean interpretation). Modern (Boolean)
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Square of Opposition (theory)/ Educations
Module 4: Syllogisms
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a
Nature of syllogism: major, minor, and middle terms; types of syllogism: categorical, disjunctive, and conditional
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b
Mood and Figure: special rules of the four Figures and 15 valid Moods, Testing validity of syllogisms by rules of syllogistic reasoning
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c
Venn Diagram (theory and exercises)
Reference Books
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1
Irving Copi, Symbolic Logic. 5th Edition (Collier Macmillan Publishers, London, Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., New York).
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2
Irving Copi, Carl Cohen and Kenneth McMahon, Introduction to Logic 14th edition
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3
Robert Lata and Alexander Macbeath, The Elements of Logic (Macmillan & Co. Ltd.
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4
Basantani, K.T., Elements of Logic, Seth Publications
