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Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) Classical Indian Philosophy Syllabus - Mumbai University 2026

Syllabus for Classical Indian Philosophy

Major · Philosophy · Semester 5 · TY BA · 4 credits · 100 marks · 60 hours

Module 1: Samkhya and Yoga

  • a Prakriti & Purusa
  • b Satkaryavada and Prakritiparinamavada
  • c Citta & Cittavrutti, Eight-fold path of Yoga

Module 2: Nyaya & Vaisesika

  • a Sources of Knowledge: perception, Inference, Comparison and Verbal Testimony
  • b Concept of God and Liberation in Nyaya; Khyativada
  • c Vaisesika: seven categories of reality, Theory of Atomism

Module 3: Purva Mimamsa

  • a Mimamsa: Pramanas, svatah-pramanyavada (theory of truth)
  • b Seven Principles of Interpreting Text
  • c Theory of error: Prabhakara – Akhyativada; Kumarila Bhatta –Viparitkhyativada

Module 4: Uttara Mimamsa & Other sects of Hinduism

  • a Shankara (Advaita Vedanta)- Concept of Brahman, three levels of reality (Satta traya), Mayavada & Vivartavada
  • b Ramanuja (Visistadvaita): Concept of Brahman, critique of maya
  • c Shaktism & Shaivism: Beliefs and Practices, Important ideals and principles and its importance

Reference Books

  • 1 Dasgupta, S. (1975). A history of Indian philosophy (Vols. I–II). Motilal Banarsidass.
  • 2 Hiriyanna, M. (1993). Outlines of Indian philosophy. Motilal Banarsidass.
  • 3 Lal, B. K. (1973). Contemporary Indian philosophy. Motilal Banarsidass.
  • 4 Mahadevan, T. M. P., & Saroja, G. V. (1981). Contemporary Indian philosophy. Sterling Publishers.
  • 5 Radhakrishnan, S. (1923). Indian philosophy (Vol. II). George Allen & Unwin; Humanities Press.
  • 6 Sinha, J. (1952). A history of Indian philosophy (Vols. I–II). Central Book Agency.
  • 7 Tigunait, R. (n.d.). Seven systems of Indian philosophy. Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy.
  • 8 Basant Kumar Lal, Contemporary Indian Philosophy, (Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, Delhi,1973)
  • 9 J. Krishnamurti, Truth and Actuality, (London, Victor Gollencz, 1978) M. Hiriyanna, Outlines of Indian Philosophy, (Motilal Banarsidas Publishers, Delhi, 1993)
  • 10 J. Krishnamurti, Freedom from the known (Ed: Mary Lutyens) (B.I. Publication,
  • 11 Surendranath Dasgupta, A History of Indian Philosophy, Vol –I and II (Motilal Banarsidas Indological Publishers and Booksellers, Delhi,1975)
  • 12 T.M.P Mahadevan and G. V Saroja, Contemporary Indian Philosophy, (Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd, Delhi, 1981) Bombay 1969)
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