Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) Indian Knowledge System IKS in Geography Syllabus - Mumbai University 2026

Module 1: Introduction of IKS in Geographical Perceptive

• 1 Meaning and Importance of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) in Geography
• 2 Geographical Ideas in Ancient Indian Texts-Vedas, Puranas and Tripitaka
• 3 Indian Cartography: Pre-European Developments-Ancient- Indian Mapping, Indigenous methods, etc.
• 4 Contribution of Indian Geographers-Aryabhata, Varahmihira, Bhaskaryacharya, etc.

Module 2: Applied Dimensions of IKS in Geography

• 1 Indian Settlement Planning and Spatial Organization- Indus valley civilization, Vastu-Vidya, Shilpa Shastra, etc.
• 2 Maritime Geography and Coastal Trade in Indian Tradition- Yatri Kalpataru, Aryabhata, Kautilya, Lothal Dockyard.
• 3 Indigenous Environmental Resource Management-Sacred Groves, Traditional water resource management, Agriculture and Soil health.
• 4 Role of indigenous women in resource management-Forest conservation, dees preservation, water conservation, Biodiversity and medicinal knowledge

Text Books

• 1 The geography of Puranas, S. Muzafer Ali, Peoples Publishing House
• 2 Mrs. Dedun (2025); Examine the role of women in IKS and the Gendared Dimension of Traditional Knowledge DOI: 10.32628/IJSRHSS252210
• 3 R.V.Enthoven,s (1922), The Tribes and Castes of Bombay Vol-II, the Katkari

Reference Books

• 1 Kapil Kapoor (Ed.) – Indian Knowledge Systems (D.K. Printworld)
• 2 B. Subbarayappa – The Roots of Ancient Indian Science
• 3 Joseph Schwartzberg – A Historical Atlas of South Asia
• 4 D. P. Chattopadhyaya (Ed.) – History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilisation
• 5 R. L. Singh – India: A Regional Geography
• 6 S. P. Chatterjee – Fifty Years of Indian Geography
• 7 Concise history of science in India- D.M. Bose, S.N Sen, B.V. Subbarayappa
• 8 Gadgil, M., & Guha, R. (1995). Ecology and equity: The use and abuse of nature in contemporary India. Routledge.
• 9 Guha, R. (1999). Savaging the civilized: Verrier Elwin, his tribals, and India. Oxford University Press.
• 10 Ministry of Tribal Affairs. (2022). Annual report. Government of India.
• 11 Sundar, N. (2007). Subalterns and sovereigns: An anthropological history of Bastar. Oxford University Press.
• 12 Xaxa, V. (2010). State, society, and tribes: Issues in post-colonial India. Pearson.