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Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) Principles of Oceanography I Syllabus - Mumbai University 2026

Syllabus for Principles of Oceanography - I

Minor · Geography · Semester 5 · TY BA · 4 credits · 100 marks · 60 hours

Part of this reading list is printed in Devanagari, which the University's own PDF does not release as reliable text. Those entries are not set here; they are in the document above, as she printed them. The University sets this paper under Minor only, so your college may not run it.

Module 1: Introduction to Oceanography

  • 1 Definition, nature and scope of Oceanography.
  • 2 Historical development of Oceanography and its significance.
  • 3 Branches of Oceanography.
  • 4 Development of Oceanography in India

Module 2: Relief of Ocean Bottom

  • 1 Division of Submarine relief.
  • 2 Bottom relief of Pacific Ocean.
  • 3 Bottom relief of Atlantic Ocean.
  • 4 Bottom relief of Indian Ocean

Module 3: Physical & Chemical Properties of Ocean Water

  • 1 Components & Characteristics
  • 2 Temperature : - affecting factors, distribution of temperature (horizontal and vertical)
  • 3 Density : - affecting factors, distribution of density (horizontal and vertical)
  • 4 Salinity : - affecting factors, distribution of salinity (horizontal and vertical)

Module 4: Biological Oceanography

  • 1 Marine Ecosystem-Types
  • 2 Coral Reefs: -meaning, types.
  • 3 Theories of coral reefs Formation: Subsidence theory, Plate Tectonics and coral Reef formation
  • 4 Mangroves: meaning, importance types and distribution

Reference Books

  • Bhatt, J.J. (1978): Exploring the Planet Ocean, D. Von Nostrand Co. New York. Birla Economic Research Foundation, economic Research Division (1992): The Oceans, Allied Publishers Ltd. New Delhi.
  • Chandra, S. and Others (eds). (1993): The Indian Ocean and its islands: Strategic Scientific and Historical perspectives, sage Publications, New Delhi.
  • Chawan S.V. (ed) (2015): Physical Geography, Paper I, Published by Director (I/C), Institute of Distance and Open Learning, University of Mumbai.
  • Fairbridge, R.W.ed) Encyclopaedia of Oceanography, Reinholt, New York.
  • Sharma, R.C. (ed) (1985): The Oceans: realities and Prospects, Rajesh Publications, New Delhi.
  • Sengupta, R. and Desa E, (eds) (2001): The Indian Ocean: A Perspective Vol., I and II Oxford and IBH Publishing Company Private Limited, New Delhi.
  • Paul, P. R. (1998): Invitation to Oceanography, Jones and Bartlett Publishing, Sudbury, Massachusetts. Rajgopalan, R (ed) (1996): Voices for Oceans, A Report to the Independent World Commission on the Oceans, International Ocean Institute, Operational centre, Madras, India.
  • Qasim, S.Z(1998): Glimpses of Indian Ocean, Universities Press (India) Limited, Hyderabad. भूगोलाची मूलत्त्वे भाग १ निराली प्रकाशि ए. बी सवदी, पी. एस. कोळे कर. महाराष्ट्राचा भूगोलः निराली प्रकाशि ए. बी सवदी, पी. एस. कोळे कर.
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