Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) Tools and Techniques of Spatial Analysis in Geography IV Syllabus - Mumbai University 2026

Module 1: Types of Photography, Interpretation & Remote Sensing

• 1 Aerial Photography, Satellite Imagery and Terrestrial (Ground) Photography, Interpretation and Analysis of Aerial Photography
• 2 Key Components of Remote Sensing
• 3 Types of Remote Sensing
• 4 Remote Sensing Image reading / Stereoscope instrument / Manual reading

Module 2: Basic Concept of GIS and GPS

• 1 Definition and Key Components and Types of GIS Data
• 2 Free GIS Software and Web GIS Portal Informational
• 3 Definition and Components of GPS and How GPS Works
• 4 Applications of GPS (Mobile GPS)

Text Books

• 1 CBSE (not dated) Geospatial Technology, Textbook for Std XI, New Delhi
• 2 CBSE (not dated) Geospatial Technology, Textbook for Std XII, New Delhi
• 3 Bhatta Basudeb (2018) Remote Sensing and GIS, Oxford University Press, New Delhi

Reference Books

• 1 1. ampbell, J. B., & Wynne, R. H. (2011). Introduction to Remote Sensing. The Guilford Press. 2. ensen, J. R. (2016). Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource Perspective. Pearson. 3. urrough, P. A., & McDonnell, R. A. (1998). Principles of Geographical Information Systems. Oxford University Press. 4. hang, K. T. (2016). Introduction to Geographic Information Systems. McGraw-Hill Education. 5. eywood, I., Cornelius, S., & Carver, S. (2011). An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems. Pearson Education. 6. ongley, P. A., Goodchild, M. F., Maguire, D. J., & Rhind, D. W. (2015). Geographic Information Science and Systems. Wiley. 7. illesand, T. M., Kiefer, R. W., & Chipman, J. W. (2015). Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. Wiley. 8. l-Rabbany, A. (2002). Introduction to GPS: The Global Positioning System. Artech House. 9. olstad, P. (2016). GIS Fundamentals: A First Text on Geographic Information Systems. XanEdu Publishing. 10. abbins, F. F. (2007). Remote Sensing: Principles and Interpretation. Waveland Press.