General Principles of Sociology Notes | B.A. LL.B. (Five Years) Semester 1 | SPPU | munotes

Contents

Module 01 Introduction

1. What Sociology Is 1
2. The Emergence of Sociology: the Socio-political and Intellectual Forces 7
3. From Social Philosophy to Sociology: the Transition 11
4. Auguste Comte 15
5. The Development of Sociology in India 20
6. The Nature and Scope of Sociology 24
7. Why a Law Student Studies Sociology 29
8. Sociology and Other Disciplines: History, Political Science, Economics, Criminology and Law 34
9. Sociology and Anthropology, Psychology, Science and Technology 39

Module 02 Basic Concepts of Sociology

1. Norms and Values 43
2. Social Values: Meaning, Characteristics, Types and Functions 48
3. Values, Ethics and Norms Compared 52
4. Social Structure and Social System 56
5. Community, Association and Institution 60
6. The Individual and Society 64
7. Status and Role 68
8. Social Groups: Meaning and Characteristics 72
9. Primary and Secondary Groups 76
10. In-groups, Out-groups and Reference Groups 80
11. Culture 84
12. The Family: Meaning and Functions 89
13. Types of Family 93
14. Theories of the Origin of the Family 97
15. Marriage: Meaning and Functions 102
16. Forms of Marriage 106
17. Recent Trends in Marriage 111
18. Marriage: Its Dysfunctions and Challenges 116
19. Kinship 120
20. Religion: Definition, Characteristics and Functions 125
21. The Structure of Religion and Theories of Its Origin 130
22. Education as a Social Institution 134
23. The State as a Social Institution 138

Module 03 Types of Society

1. Society: Meaning, Characteristics and Types 142
2. Social Differentiation and the Differences between Societies 146
3. The Division of Labour 150
4. The Evolutionary Perspective 155
5. Durkheim: Division of Labour and Social Solidarity 160

Module 04 Social Processes

1. Social Processes 165
2. Cooperation 168
3. Competition 172
4. Conflict 175
5. Accommodation 179
6. Tolerance and Compromise 183
7. Assimilation 187
8. Socialization 191
9. The Stages of Socialization 196
10. Symbolic Interactionism 200
11. Social Mobility: Meaning, Forms and Factors 204
12. Sanskritisation and Westernization 208
13. Social Control: Meaning and Purpose 212
14. Formal and Informal Social Control 217
15. Formal Agencies of Social Control: Law, Education, Police and Military 221
16. Informal Agencies of Social Control: Folkways, Mores, Customs, Religion and Public Opinion 225
17. Crime and Social Deviance 229
18. Explaining Deviance: The Sociological Theories 234

Module 05 Social Stratification

1. Social Stratification 239
2. The Functionalist Perspective 244
3. Marx: Theory of Social Class and Social Conflict 248
4. Caste 253
5. The Jajmani System 258
6. Class 262
7. Sex and Gender 267
8. The Feminist Perspective 272
9. The Conflict Perspective 276

Module 06 Relationship between Sociology and Law

1. The Relation of Law and Society 280
2. Social Change: Meaning and Characteristics 285
3. Factors and Causes of Social Change 289
4. Law and Social Change 293
5. Protest Movements of the Marginalized 300
6. The Women's Movement in India 304
7. Reform Movements: the Brahmo Samaj, the Arya Samaj and the Ramakrishna Mission 308
8. Reform Movements: Western India and the Aligarh Movement 318
9. Social Movements and Their Impact on Law 329
10. The Pluralistic Nature of Indian Society 334
11. Legal Pluralism 339
12. Superstition, Godmen and the Law 344
13. Religious and Cultural Aspects and Their Significance in Law 349
14. Changing Patterns of the Family 353
15. The Family and Social Legislation 357