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syllabi Msc Micro 2 10320 1 Syllabus Mumbai University by munotes
Page 2
Copy to : -
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2019 -20
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
Revised Syllabus for MSc (Part2)
In Microbiology
SEM III and SEM IV
Program: M.Sc.
Course: MICROBIOLOGY
(PSMB)
Choice Based Credit System with effect from the
academic year 2020–2021
Page 6
MSc part 2 Microbiology Syllabus ( Semester 3 and 4 )
Revised for Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) from academic year 2020 -21
INDEX
Semester 3
THEORY
Course Code Unit Topic Headings Credits Lec/ topic
PSMB 301
Tools and
Techniques in
Microbiology I Biological sample preparation and
Modified analytical techniques
04 15
II Advanced Electron Microscopy 15
III Spectroscopic and Chromatography
Techniques: Principle, working and
applications 15
IV Identification methods in microbiology 15
PSMB 302
Pharmaceutical
& Cosmetic
Microbiology
I Introduction to Pharmaceutical
Microbiology
04 15
II Pharmaceutical Analysis & Regulation 15
III Cosmetic Microbiology
15
IV Audit, Validation & documentation 15
PSMB 303
Cell Biology
I Introduction To Cell Biology And Cell
Membrane
04 15
II Organisation And Function Of
Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Peroxisomes
And Cytoskeleton 15
III Cell Division,Cell Cycle And Cell
Junctions 15
IV Cell Communication And Multi cellular
Cell Development 15
PSMB 304
Advances in
Biotechnology I IPR and Biodiversity Law
04 15
II Bioethics 15
III Nano Biotechnology 15
IV Algal Biotechnology 15
PRACTICALS
PSMBP -301 Tools and Techniques in Microbiology 2 04
PSMBP -302 Pharmaceutical & Cosmetic Microbiology 2 04
PSMBP - 303 Cell Biology 2 04
PSMBP -304 Advances in Biotechnology 2 04
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Semester 4
THEORY
Course Code UNIT TOPIC HEADINGS Credits L / Week
Paper PSMB401 -
Industrial & Food
Microbiology
I Applications of Microbial
technology in food processing
4 01
II Food Preservation & Food safety 01
III Strain improvement: Modern
methods 01
IV Fermentations of Microbial products
for commercial use 01
PSMB4 02
Applied Microbiology
I Applications of Microbiology in
bioremediation & pollution control
4 01
II Applications of Enzymes 01
III Microbial bio -molecules in
diagnostics and therapeutics 01
IV Novel uses of microorganisms and
microbial products 01
PSMB4 03
Plant, Agriculture and Animal Biotechnology I Plant Biotechnology
4 01
II Animal Biotechnology 01
III Bio-augmentation and Bio -
stimulation in Agriculture 01
IV Bio-control in Agriculture 01
PSMB4 04
Mycology, Virology & Protozoology
I
Fungal technology
4 01
II Animal and Plant Virology 01
III Study of Bacteriophages and Algal
Phages 01
IV Protozoology 01
PRACTICALS
PSMBP -401 Industrial & Food Microbiology 2 04
PSMBP -402 Applied Microbiology 2 04
PSMBP - 403 Plant, Agriculture and Animal Biotechnology 2 04
PSMBP -404 Mycology, Virology & Protozoology
2 04
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SEMESTER 3
DETAIL SYLLABUS
PSMB -301 : TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN MICROBIOLOGY
Objective s:
The course will focus on
• Advanced imaging techniques and emerging super -resolution methods, their principle,
working and applications in biological fields with special emphasis to current imaging
literature.
• describ ing the methods of chromatography and their applications to achieve understanding
of advance d analytical techniques used in analysis of biological samples.
• Understanding the current scenario of identification of microbial species using different
molecular t echniques.
• introduc ing the students to techniques in metagenomics
Learning Outcome:
At the end of the course students will
1) be able to understand mechanism of imaging by advance microscopy enabl ing them to
have a complete view of mechanism and application of advance microscopy
2) be able to learn instrumentation which will help them in their professional ca reer.
3) be able to gain analytical and interpretative skills which is critical for working in t he
laboratory.
Detail ed Syllabi
Code Unit Subunit Title lectures Credits
PSMB
301 Tools and Techniques in Microbiology 60L 04
1 Biological sample preparation and
Modified analytical techniques 15 01
1.1 Sample preparation: An analytical
perspective 01
1.2 General sample preparation for analysis of
Phyto pharmaceuticals 02
1.3 Preparation of sample and staining for
SEM, TEM, Atomic force Microscopy,
Confocal Microscopy . 05
1.4 Preparation of sample and general
principle of chromatography and
spectroscopic techniques 02
1.5 Combination procedures for analysis with
relevant examples/case studies : 02
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a) TLC and HPLC
b) HPTLC and MS
c) TLC and FTIR
d) TLC and Raman spectroscopy
1.6 Sample preparation plans with examples
for analysis of
1. Volatile oils
2. Pigments
3. glycosides
4. Flavonoids
5. Antibiotic, Analgesic and Anti
tubercular drug 03
2 Advanced Microscopy Techniques 15 01
2.1 Principle and working of
a. TEM & SEM
3
b. Confocal Microscopy 2
c. AFM 2
2.2 Principle & Working of
a. Fluorescence Microscopy,
b. High Resolution Fluorescent
Microscope,
Concept Understanding of Fluorescence
recovery after photobleaching (FRPA), and Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) 4
2.3 Application of Fluorescence and electron
microscopy with relevant examples /case
studies 4
3 Advanced Spectroscopic and
Chromatography Techniques: Principle,
working and applications 15 01
3.1 Mass Spectroscopy : ESI-MS and MALDI -
MS 04
3.2 NMR : Approach to determine structure of
Carbohydrate by NMR 03
3.3 FTIR 02
3.4 HPTLC 02
3.5 Ion exchange chromatography 02
3.6 Gel filtration chromatography 02
4 Identification methods in microbiology 15 01
4.1 Introduction of microbial systematic
Phylogeny: Overview of phylogeny and Phylogenetic trees
Importance of ribosomal RNA 02
4.2 i) Culture dependent analysis of microbial
communities:
Laser Tweezer
Flow cytometry 02
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ii) For classif ication & identif ication
through Phenotypic analysis using
VITEK , API 20, FAME and BIOLOG 02
4.3 Culture independent methods
i) Methods for DNA / RNA extraction 09
ii) Basic PCR methods with respect to
identification of microorganisms
iii) Gene sequence analysis
1. Amplification of 16S rRNA gene for
prokaryotes and SSU, LSU, ITS .
2. Multi- locus sequence typing
3. Genome fingerprinting (Multi gene and
whole genome) – Ribotyping
iv) Sequencing genomes
• First generation - Sanger sequencing
and sequence analysis using different
tools ( Chromas – Pro, SeqMan)
• Shotgun – genomic library
• Second generation - Amplicon
sequencing Illumina
• Third and fourth generation-
Heliscope and Ion torrent Oxford nanopore
• Genome assembly
v) Environmental genomics
An introduction to meta -genomics, meta
trancriptomes and Meta- proteomics
PRACTICALS BASED ON PAPER 301
• Extraction and Qualitative detection of different phyto- chemicals using chemical methods.
(Tannins , Saponins, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Steroids, Phenolic compounds)
• Extraction and separation of different pigments using TLC
• Spectrum analysis of pigments using UV spectrophotometer.
• Separation of proteins using gel filtration
• Generation of phylogenetic tree.
• Extraction of DNA from soil and checking its purity using agarose electrophoresis and UV
260/280 ratio
SELF STUDY
• Determination of purity of extracted DNA using Qubit
• Study the working of TEM, SEM, Fluorescence and Confocal microscopy /Nuclear
magnetic resonance spectrocopy and evaulation of simple 1H NMR spectra of select
organic compounds / Determination of M olar Mass of Simple Compounds Using Mass
Spectroscopy using virtual lab
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• Assignment on “A pplication of advanced electron microscopy ”./ protocol for culture
submission to NCBI database
• Use of VITEK ( Demonstration)
References
1) Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry by S. Mitra (01-06)
2) Herbal Drug Technology byS S Agarwal and m Paridhavi
3) Scanning Electron Microscopy by V Kazmiruk
4) Handbook of TEM by Ayache J., Beaunier L., Boomendil J., Ehret G.
5) Atomic force Microscopy by Nunu C.Santos .
6) Methods in molecular biology - Confocal Microscopy by Paddock
7) Advanced Techniues in Biological electron microscopy , James K Koehler
8) Handbook from Anchrome laboratory
9) Thin layer chromatography - a modern practical approach by Peter E. Wall
10) Biotechniques by N. Arumugan, V kumaresan
11)A Textbook of Biophysics by R N Roy
12) Study of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) by Hongbao Ma , Kuan- Jiunn Shieh , Tracy X. Qiao
13) A beginner's Guide to SEM by Anwer Ul Hamid
14) Modern BiophysicalChemistry, Detecti on and Analysis of Biomolecules by Peter Jomo
Walla , Second, Updated and Expanded Edition (2014) Wiley -VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.
KGaA,Boschstr. 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany Pg No. 149- 165
15) Applied NMR Spectroscopy for Chemists and Life Scientists by Oliver Zerbe and Simon
Jurt, (2014) Wiley -VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Boschstr. 12, 69469 Weinheim,
Germany
16)Techniques and Instrumentation in Analytical Chemistry Volume 18 , 1997
17) High -Performance Th in-Layer Chromatography(HPTLC) by ManMohanSrivastava.
2011Springer -Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
18) Protein Purification: Principles, High Resolution Methods, and Applications by Jan -
ChristerJanson. 2011. Third Edition John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
19) Brock Biology of microorganisms 14th ed.
20) Molecular cloning : a lab manual , Gree n and Sambrook vol. 1 4th edn
21) https://www.olympus -lifescience.com/en/microscope -
resource/primer/techniques/confocal/confocalintro/
22) http://www.ammrf.org.au/myscope/pdfs/tem.pdf
23) https://www.olympus -lifescience.com/en/microscope -
resource/primer/techniques/confocal/applications/fretintro/
24) https://www.microscopyu.com/techniques/fluorescence/introduction -to-fluorescence -
microscopy
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PAPER 302 : PHARMACEUTICAL & COSMETIC MICROBIOLOGY
Learning Objectives :
The course will focus on
• the different process and work culture in the Pharmaceutical & Cosmetic Industry.
• providing in-depth knowledge wrt regulations and audit procedures carried out in an
industry
Learning outcomes :
At the end of the course learners will be
• equipped with risk assessment tools and process understanding t o make them skilled
and competent as per job requirement.
Course
Code Title Lectur
es Credits
PSMB -
302 Pharmaceutical & Cosmetic Microbiology
(60L) 04
Unit : I Introduction to Pharmaceutical Microbiology
(15L) 01
1.1 Role of Microbiology for pharmaceuticals
industries 01
1.2 GMP and Regulations
03
1.3 Laboratory management and design
02
1.4 Microbiological culture media & Micro biology
laboratory techniques
02
1.5 Bio burden determination
02
1.6 Specified and objectionable microorganisms 01
1.7 Guidelines for preparing a laboratory information
file
04
Unit 2 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Regulation
(15L) 01
2.1 Assessment of pharmaceutical water systems and
Endotoxin and pyrogen testing 01
2.2 Steriliza tion and sterility assurance. Use of
Biological indicators for measuring sterilization
01
2.3 Cleaning and disinfection Use of Antibiotics and
preser vatives , Clean rooms and environmental
monitoring 01
2.4 Rapid microbiological methods 03
2.5 Risk assessment and microbiology 03
2.5 Good practices for pharmaceutical quality control
laboratories
02
2.6 Good manufacturing practices for pharmaceutical
Products Pharmaceutical Legislation & Regulation
04
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PRACTICAL BASED ON PAPER PSMB 302
SELF -STUDY :
1. Market survey of 5 cosmetic products and the Common cosmetic preservatives used
2. HACCP of College canteen or home kitchen wrt a food preparation.
REFERENCES Unit III : 3.1 Cosmetic Microbiology
(15L) 01
3.1 History of cosmetic Microbiology ,Preservation of
cosmetics 03
3.2 Antimicrobial preservative efficacy & microbial
content testing
02
3.3 Microbiology Laboratory methods in support of
sterility Assurance System 03
3.4 Bio burden testing & Environmental monitoring 02
3.5 Sampling: Principles and Practice 03
3.6 Global regulations & toxicological aspects 02
UNIT IV: Audit, Validation & Documentation
(15L) 01
4.1 Microbiological hazard analysis & audit Validation 04
4.2 IS and ISO standards: 9000, 17025.
05
4.3 Introduction to Validation and documentation
03
4.4 Auditing sterilizat ion processes and facilities 03
1) Perform an audit of any test, with proper documentation.
2) Preservative efficacy test as per ISO 11930
3) Bio burden test
4) Quality control of microbial content of cosmetics as per IS 14648:2011 wrt to
heterotrophic count , presence of Pseudomonas spps , Staphyloccocci spps & P. acne
5) MIC of an antibiotic by tube method using Indian Pharmacopeia protocol
UNIT I • Pharmaceutical Microbiology by Tim Sandle
• WHO Guidelines for preparing a laboratory information file
UNIT II • WHO Good practices for pharmaceutical microbiology laboratories
• WHO- GMP for pharmaceutical products
UNIT III • Cosmetic Microbiology: A practical Approach, 2nd edition. Philip A Geiss.
Taylor & Francis group.
UNIT IV • Handbook of Microbiological Quality Control for Pharmaceuticals and Medical
Devices , Rosamund M.Baird, Stephen P.Denyer, Norman Hodges
Page 14
PSMB -303 : CELL BIOLOGY
Learning objectives
The course is designed for learners to
• Understand basic cellular structures
• Understand advanced cellular processes in eukaryotes
• Understand protein transport and export in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, molecular
basis of cell division, signalling pathways, cellular development
• Integrate the different levels of biological organisation, from molecules to cells to organisms and regulation of development
• Learn basic skills in cell biology
Learning outcome
At the end of the course learn ers will be able to
• Understand the structure and compartmentalisation of organelles, protein export,
protein sorting
• Understand the events of cell cycle and its regulation
• Explain the communications of cells with other cells and to the environment
• Explain the process of development in general
UNIT
NO. SUB
UNIT TITLE NO.
OF
LEC. CREDIT
I Introduction To Cell Biology And Cell Membrane 15 01
1.1 Introduction to cell biology - Structural organization and function
of intracellular organelles (Cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, plastids,
vacuoles, chloroplast 01
1.2 Membrane structure : Cell membrane structure: Lipid bilayer,
membrane proteins, Spectrins, Glycophorin, Multipass membrane
proteins Bacteriorhodopsin 01
1.3 Membrane Transport : Principles of membrane transport, ion
channels and electrical properties of membranes. protein transport,
post translation transport and co translation transport, protein
transport and protein secretion pathways in bacteria . endocytosis 05
1.4 Intracellular Compartments and protein sorting :
Compartmentalization of cells, transport of molecules between the
nucleus and cytosol, peroxisomes, Endoplasmic reticulum, 04 • International standard ISO/IEC -17025 ,Third edition,2017- 11
• Validation Standard Operating Procedures - A Step -by-Step Guide for Achieving
Compliance in the Pharmaceutical, Medical Device, and Biotech Industries by
Syed Imtiaz Haider,
• Sterility, sterilization and sterility assurance for pharmaceuticals. by Tim Sandle
Page 15
transport of proteins into mitochondria and chloroplasts,
1.5 Cell wall and extracellular matrix - matrix proteins, matrix
polysaccharides 02
1.6 Cell-cell interaction 02
II Organisation And Function Of Mitochondria, Choloroplast
And Cytoskelton 15 1
2.1 Mitochondria : Structure, electron -transport chains and proton
pump, Chloroplasts: Structure, energy capture from sunlight,
genetic system of Mitochondrion and chloroplast, 03
2.2 Intracellular vesicular traffic :The molecular mechanism of
membrane transport and the maintenance of compartmental
diversity, transport from the ER through the Golgi apparatus,
transport from trans Golgi network to lysosomes 05
2.3 Cytoskeleton : The self -assembly and dynamic struc ture of
cytoskeletal filaments, How cells regulate their cytoske letal
filament, (Cytoskeletal filaments, Microtubules, Actin and
intermediate filaments), molecular motors, cell behaviour 07
III Cell Division , Cell Cycle And Cell Junctions 15L 01
3.1 Mechanism of cell division : M-phase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, Germ
cells and fertilization, Meiosis, eggs, sperm, fertilization 05
3.2 Cell cycle and Programmed cell death : Control system,
intracellular control of cell cycle events, Apoptosis, extracellular
control of cell growth and apoptosis. Autophagy 05
3.3 Cell Junctions and cell -cell adhesion : Anchoring, adherence
junctions, Desmosomes, Gap junctions, cell -cell adhesion,
Cadherins, Selectins, N -CAM, The extracellular matrix of
animals., Integrins, 05
IV Cell Communication And Multicellu lar Cell Development 15L 1
4.1
Cell communication: General principles of cell communication
(Nitric oxide gas signal and nuclear receptors, Three classes surface receptors), Signaling through G -protein linked cell
surface receptors 06
4.2
Signalling through enzyme linked cell surface receptors :
Tyrosine kinase, Docking sites, Ras, MAP kinase, Pl -3 kinase,
TGF - β, Signaling pathways by regulated proteolysis. Signalling
in plants: Serine / Threonine kinases, role of ethylene, Phytochromes 05
4.3
Development of multicellular organisms : Caenorhabditis
elegans , Drosophila melanogaster , Mouse Neural development
04
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PRACTICALS BASED ON PAPER PSMB 303
1. Disruption of bacterial cells followed by characterization of cellular proteins by SDS -
PAGE
2. Isolation of lymphocytes and its Viability staining using trypan blue
3. Determination of cell viability of lymphocytes by MTT Ass ay& neutral red uptake
assay
4. Comparison of various cell viability techniques
5. Isolation of mitochondria and check activity of respiratory enzyme succinate
dehydrogenase
6. Isolation of chloroplast and checking photophosphorylation
References
1. Molecular Biology of the Cell – Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts &Walter , 6th
edition.
2. Cooper, G.M., Hausman R.E. (2009) The Cell: A Molecular Approach - 6th edition.
3. Molecular Cell Biology. Harvey Lodish; Arnold Berk; Chris A. Kaiser; Monty Krieger;
Anthony Bretscher; HiddePloegh; Angelika Amon; Kelsey C. Martin , 8th edition
4. Karp G. (2008). Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. John Wiley &
Sons.
5. Gilbert , Barresi (2016) Developmental Biology : 11th Edition
PSMB304: ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY (60L)
Learning Objectives:
The course is designed for learners to
• To understand the significance of IPR and patents in Biotechnology
• To learn about the biodiversity law
• To introduce ethical issues in Biotechnology ethics
• To learn the principles of nanotechnology
• To understand the importance of algal biotechnology
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the course students will:
• Reflect on the need and implications of patents in Biotechnology
• Understand the biodiversity law
• Learn the bioethical guidelines in Biotechnology and Microbiology
• Relate to various applications of nano technology
• Learn the culturing and application of algal technology
Page 17
Course
Code Unit Subunit Title No.of
Lectur
es Credits
PSMB304 Advances in Biotechnology (60L) 04
Unit 1 1 IPR and Biodiversity Law
(15L) 01
1.1 Need for IPR in Biotechnology
(02L)
1.2
Patents for Biotechnology (02L)
1.3 Implications of Patents in Biotechnology
(03L)
1.4 Case Studies
- Basmati Rice Issue
- Turmeric Patent
- Agriculture Neem Patent
- Chakraborty case
- Corn genetically engineered with
an insecticide
(05L)
1.5 Biodiversity law: introduction,
Development, International and National
Biodiversity laws (03L)
Unit 2 2 Bioethics (15L) 01
2.1 The goals of biotechnology , Challenging
characteristics of biotechnology (01L)
2.2 Bioethics and microbiology
Ethical issues and Perspectives in the
Discipline of Microbiology
Ethics Perspectives from India
Bioethics, bioweapons and the
microbiologist (03 L)
2.3 Ethical guidelines for Biomedical research
on Human subjects (05L)
2.4 Case study –Infectious disease
-Effects ,Causes and Prevention of
infectious diseases through vaccination
-Benefits and risks of vaccination
-Alternative approaches to vaccination:
voluntary, quasi -mandatory and
incentivized Schemes,
Comparing and assessing vaccination
strategies, Children as special cases,
Surveillance
- HIV and AIDS as notifiable diseases,
- Control of infectious diseases, (04L)
Page 18
- Issues raised by quarantine and isolation,
-Use of vaccines in control of infectious
diseases
2.5 Public perception of biotechnology:
Genetic engineering –safety, social, moral
and ethical considerations (02L)
Unit 3 3 Nano Biotechnology (15 L) 01
3.1 Basics of Nanotechnology
- Types of nano materials
-Properties of nano materials (01L)
3.2 Fundamentals of Bio -nanotechnology
- nanomotors of biological systems
- ATPsynthase: a nanoturbine
- Flagellar motors in bacteria
-Linear molecular motors (05 L)
3.3 Biosynthesis of nano materials b iosystems
as nano factories
- Bacteria as machinery for synthesis of
nano metals - gold, silver, Zinc, cadmium,
platinum
- Fungi and Actinomycetes as fabricators
of nano metals -
- Plants as nano engineers
- Algae as nanotechnologists
(03L)
3.4 DNA and proteins as templates for
molecular Nanotechnology and nano
electronics (03L)
3.5 Applications of nanotechnology –
Nanomedicine, nano bio- devices, nano
implants, applications in agriculture, food
and cosmetics. (03L)
Unit 4 4 Algal Biotechnology (15 L) 01
4.1 Culture techniques and media for growth
of fresh water algae:
- Measurement of algal growth
in culture - lag phase, log phase, stationary
phase and death phase using biomass, chlorophyll content,
Measurement of algal pigemnts. (05 L)
4.2 Culturing microalgae in Photo bioreactors,
Fermentor and Outdoor ponds: Variation
in design, culture conditions, scale up,
economics, advantages and disadvantages (05L)
4.3 Applications of Algal Biotechnology:
Food Supplements and fertilizers, Bioactive compounds and cosmetics,
Biofuel, high value commercial products,
Bioplastics. (05L)
Page 19
PRACTICAL FOR PAPER PSMB 304
1. Preparation and characterization of Silver Nanoparticles
2. Survival Curve and antibacterial activity of nano silver particles
3. Study of nano silver coated gauze / textiles for antimicrobial effect on different bacteria.
4. Preparation of growth culture medium for fresh water algae and study its diversity wit h
respect to its type count and morphology .
5. Counting algal Cells in Cultures with the Light Microscope.
8. Isolation, inoculation and growth of microalgae.
SELF STUDY
1. Assignment on Measurement of Chlorophyll a and Carotenoids Concentration in
Cyanobacteria
2. Study various types of microalgae and its role in climate change
REFERENCES:
For Unit 1
1. Molecular Biology by M D Morris
2. Microbial Biotechnology – principles and applications by Lee Yuan Kun
3. IPR - Unleading the knowledge economy by Prabuddha Ganguli
4. Issues and Dilemmas of Biotechnology by Bernice Schacter
5. Biotechnology and IPR – Legal and Social Implications by Kshitij Kumar Singh
6. Law and National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans by the Law Division for the
United Nations Environment Programme
For Unit 2
1.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23467644 Bioethics and biotechnology Article in
Cytotechnology · May 2007
2.Ethical issues in microbiology, *P Desikan, A Chakrabarti, V Muthuswamy. Indian
Journal of Medical Microbiology, (2011) 29(4): 327- 301
3. Ethical Perspectives in the Discipline of Microbiology: Article · December 2015 DOI:
10.18099/ijetv.v1i2.6817Article · December 2015DOI 10.18099/ijetv.v1i2.6817 4. Health Ethics in South- East Asia. Health ethics in six sear countries. Volume 1 Edited by
Nilam Kasturiaratchi, Redar Lie, Jens Seeberg.
5.Bioethics, bioweapons and the microbiologist: Fernando Anaya -
Velázquez*RevLatinoamMicrobiol2002;44 (1)
6. Ethical guidelines For Biomedical research on Human subjects .National Institute of
Tuberculosi and Respiratory Diseases. Based on ICMR, CDSCO, GCP & Internati onal
Ethical Guidelines.
7. Ethics in medical research: General principles with special reference to psychiatry research. Ajit Avasthi, Abhishek Ghosh, Sidharth Sarkar, Sandeep Grover. Indian Journal of
Psychiatry 55(1), Jan- Mar 2013
8. Case study: Public health - ethical issues, Nuffield Council on Bioethics, Chapter 4 page
no.51- 77.
9. Biotechnology - John E. Smith Fifth edition, Chapter 15, 232- 242.
For Unit 3
Page 20
1. Bionanotechnology – concepts and applications. Madhuri Sharon, Maheshwar Sharon,
Sunil Pandey,Goldie Oza
2.Nanotechnology - Principles and Practices 2 nd edition Sulabha K. Kulkarni Capital
Publishing Company
3. Nanotechnology - Nanomaterials and Nanodevices G.Mohan Kumar .Narosa Publications
For Unit 4
1. Bellinger, E. G. and Sigee, D. C. ( 2010). Freshwater algae: Identification and use as a
bioindicators.Wiley -Blackwell (Pre -read Book)
2. Lee, R. E. (2008). Phycology. 4ed. Cambridge University Press (Pre -read Book)
3. Andersen, R. A. (2005). Algal culturing techniques. Elsevier Academic P ress
4. Sahoo, D. and Seckbach, J. (2015). The Algae World. Springer
5. Prescott, G. W. (1954). How to Know Fresh -Water Algae. WM C. Brown Company (For
practicals only)
6. Vuuren, S. J. (2006). Easy identification of the most common freshwater algae. A guide for
the identification of microscopic algae in South African freshwaters. DWAF and NWU (For
practicals only)
7. Sharma, P., Sharma, N. (2017) Industrial and Biotechnological Applications of Algae: A
Review. Journal of Advances in Plant Biology - 1(1):01 -25. (Review Paper)
8.Barkia, I., Saari, N., Manning, S. R. (2019). Microalgae for High- Value Products Towards
Human Health and Nutrition. Mar. Drugs 2019, 17, 304; doi:10.3390/md17050304 (Review
Paper)
9. Rasul, I. et. al. (2017) Algae Biotechnology: A green light for engineered algae. From
Algae Based Polymers, Blends and Composites. Elsevier (Book Chapter)
10.Barsanti, L. and Gualtieri P. (2014). Algae: Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Biotechnology,
2ed. CRC Press.
11. Richmond, A. and Hu, Q. (2013). Handbook of Microalgal Culture: Applied Phycology
and Biotechnology, 2ed. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Page 21
Semester 4
THEORY
Course Code UNIT TOPIC HEADINGS Credits L / Week
Paper PSMB401 -
Industrial & Food
Microbiology
I Applications of Microbial
technology in food processing
4 01
II Food Preservation & Food safety 01
III Strain improvement: The modern
methods 01
IV Fermentations of Microbial products
for commercial use 01
PSMB4 02
Applied Microbiology
I Applications of Microbiology in
bioremediation & pollution control
4 01
II Applications of Enzymes 01
III Microbial bio -molecules in
diagnostics and therapeutics 01
IV Novel uses of microorganisms and
microbial products 01
PSMB4 03
Plant, Agriculture and
Animal Biotechnology I Plant Biotechnology
4 01
II Animal Biotechnology 01
III Bio-augmentation and Bio -
stimulation in Agriculture 01
IV Bio-control in Agriculture 01
PSMB4 04
Mycology, Virology & Protozoology
I Fungal technology
4 01
II Animal and Plant Virology 01
III Study of Bacteriophages and Algal
Phages 01
IV Protozoology 01
PRACTICALS
PSMBP -401 Industrial & Food Microbiology 2 04
PSMBP -402 Applied Microbiology 2 04
PSMBP - 403 Plant, Agriculture and Animal
Biotechnology 2 04
PSMBP -404 Mycology, Virology & Protozoology
2 04
Page 22
PSMB401- INDUSTRIAL & FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
Learning Objective
The course is designed for learners to
• study recent advances in food microbiology & industrial fermentation technology
• Understand the basic knowledge of food fermentation, along with advanced methods
of food preservation, food analysis and food safety.
• acquire knowledge about probiotics and prebiotics and their applications
• understand the high throughput screening techniques used for fermentation microorganisms.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course the learner will be able
• to develop employable skills concurrently with an understanding of various
fermentations process.
• To develop the skill for production & assessment of probiotic microbes
Detail Syllabi :
Course
Code Unit Subuni
t Title No.of
Lectur
es Credits
PSMB304 Industrial & Food Microbiology (60L) 04
1 Applications of Microbial technology in
food processing 15
1.1 Starter culture of bacteria , yeast & mold
used in food fermentation 02
1.2 Fermented Foods : -
1.2.1 General methods of fermented food
production
1.2.2 Fermented cereals : - Bread
production
1.2.3 Fermented vegetables: - Sauerkraut
production.
1.2.4 Production of microbial flavoring
compounds : - Vanilla flavor
06
1.3 Prebiotic & Probiotic
1.2.1 Probiotics
1.2.2 Screening of Potential Probiotics
1.2.3 Industrial Aspects of Probiotic
Production 07
Page 23
1.2.4 Prebiotics
2 Food Preservation & Food safety 15
2.1 Advanced methods of food preservation
Microwave Processing, Ohmic Heating,
High -Pressure Processing, Pulsed Electric
Fields, High- Voltage Arc Discharge Pulsed
Light Technology Magnetic Fields, Ultrasound, Pulsed X -Rays, Ozone,
Antimicrobial Edible Films 06
2.2 Advanced methods of detection o f
microorganisms in food
Sampling plans and sample preparation,
physical methods, chemical methods,
immunoassay methods, others - Biosensors 05
2.3 Controlling quality of food
Control at Source, Codes of Good Manufacturing Practice , The Hazard
Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) Concept Quality Systems: BS
5750 and ISO 9000 Series Risk Analysis 04
3 Strain improvement: Modern methods 15
3.1 Screening methods and hig h throughput
screening 01
3.2 Return of natural products
01
3.3 Broadening the base of the discovery
process and increasing the gene expression 02
3.4 Post genomics era - the influence of
genomics, transcriptomics and fluxomics on
the improvement of primary metabolite
producers 02
3.5 Use of recombination systems for the
improvement of secondar y metabolite
production
a. The application of
parasexual cycle
b. Protoplast fusion
c. Recombinant technology
06
3.6 Post genomics era - the influence of
genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics
on the improvement of primary metabolite
producers
03
4 Fermentations of Microbial products for
commercial use 15
Page 24
4.1 Microbial production of R osmeric acid &
Caffeic acid 05
4.2 Production of bacterial polysaccharide &
Commercia lly produced Polysaccharides 04
4.3 Microbia l Production of Riboflavin 02
4.4 Microbial Production of Antibiotic : -
Cephalosporin , Tetracycline 04
References
1. Bibek Ray and Arun Bhunia (2008) Fundamental Food Microbiology. 4th Ed. CRC
Press.
2. Petra Foerst , Chalat Santivarangkna 2016 Advances in Probiotic Technology ,CRC
Press A Science Publishers Book
3. Prescott and Dunn's ‘’Industrial Microbiology’’.1982 4th Edition, McMillan
Publishers
4. Okafor Nkuda 2007 ‘’Modern Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology’’, Science Publications Enfield, NH, USA.
5. Wilfried Schwab, Bernd Markus Lange, Bernd Markus Lange “Biotechnology of natural products” Springer International Publishing,
6. Peppler, H. J. and Perlman, D. (1979), "Microbial Technology’’. Vol 1 &2 , Academic Press
7. Stanbury P. F., Whitaker A. & HaII --S. J., 1997, "Principles of Fermentation
Technology", 2nd Edition, Aditya Books Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.
8. Osman Erkmen, T. Faruk Bozoglu, Food Microbiology - Principles into Practice
Volume I and II, John Wiley (2016)
9. Adams and Moss , Food Microbiology, 3
rd edition, RSC Publishing (2008)
10. Robert E.C. , Wildman 2nd Ed. “ Handbook of Neutraceuticals & Functional Foods “
CRC Press A SCIENCE PUBLISHERS BOOK
11. Ronald Ross Watson, Victor R. Preedy 1st Edition 2010 “Bioactive Foods in
Promoting Health: Probiotics and Prebiotics” Academic Press is an imprint of
Elsevier
12. Vijay K. Gupta, Helen Treichel, Volha Shapaval, Luiz Antonio de Oliveira, Maria
Tuohy (eds.) - Microbial functional foods and N utraceuticals -Wiley (2018)
Practical: -Industrial & Food Microbiology
1. Isolation & Characterization of organisms with probiotic potential from food samples .
2. Effect of prebiotic on probiotic culture
3. Sauerkraut preparation and Microbiological analysis
4. Production of antibiotic and assay
Assignment
1. Detection of microorganism in food by any one Novel method.
Page 25
2. BIS methods to study different adulterants in foods
PAPER 402 APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Learning objectives
The course is designed for learners to
• To understand the role of microbiology in pollution control and remediation
• To study the applications of various enzymes and biomolecules
• To assess the novel uses of microorganisms and microbial products
Learning outcomes:
At the end of the course the learner will be able
• To make the students aware of the different applications of Microbiology
• To teach them the skill sets for application of those subjects in industry
• To enthuse an interest for entrepreneurship among students
• To prepare them for the job market.
Course Code Subunit Title Credits
PSMB 402 APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY (60L) 04
Unit 1 Applications of Microbiology in bioremediation & pollution
control
(15L) 01
1.1 Introduction to Bioremediation strategies for synthetic
compounds, petrochemicals, inorganic waste.
02
1.2 Bioremediation strategies and techniques in situ and testing its
efficacy and side effects
03
1.3
Bioremediation of metals & gaseous ex situ . Environment
modification for bioremediation
03
1.4 Approaches to bioremediation : Microbial seeding &
bioengineering using rDNA technology
03
1.5 Bioremediation of various ecosystems -Soil, aquifers, marine,
air 04
Unit : II Applications of enzymes
(15L)
01
2.1 Enzymes as analytical tool for the assessment of food quality ,
safety, and monitoring food processing . 05
2.2 05 Applications of enzymes in food :
Baking, fruit juice production, processing, brewing, and dairy.
Applications of nonfood enzymes in detergents, laundry,
Textiles, medical, therapy and chemical industry.
2.3 05 New industrial enzyme applications:
Cosmetics, enzymes for preservation. Hard surface cleaning, oil
field application, waste water treatment, pH Shift
Unit III : Microbial biomolecules in diagnostics and therapeutics
(15L) 01
Page 26
3.1 Protein therapeutics: Hormones, cytokines, Monoclonal
antibodies, regenerative medicines, molecular diagnostics, NAS
as therapeutic agents, Vaccines 09
3.2 Use of monoclonal antibodies in diagnostics: RA ,Blood
grouping. 06
UNIT IV: Novel uses of microorganisms and microbial products (15L) 01
4.1 Biosensors, microbial concrete, Bioleaching, Enhanced oil
recovery, Biofuels,
05
4.2 Biotech of the marine environment, microbial contribution
of climate change,
05
4.3 Biopolymers, Bio surfactants 05
PRACTICALS FOR Paper PSMB 402
1) Enrich ment and isolat ion of Agar ase producing bacteria
2) Isolation of pigment producing bacteria from marine environment and extraction of
pigments through solvent extraction procedures
3) Isolation of biopolymer producing bacteria and quantify the biopolymer produced
4) Removal of blood stains by using proteases/detergents.
5). R esidual st arch degradation by amylase
SELF STUDY
1. Report on an visit to an relevant industry/institute
References
Unit -I Environmental Biotechnology by Alan Scragg 2nd edition
Unit -II • Wolfang Aehle ,Enzyme in industry
• Muthuswamy -- Enzymes in Food and Beverage Processing Edited by
Muthusamy Chandrasekaran,CRC Press -
• Medical Biotechnology – Pratibha Nallari –
• Comprehensive Biotechnology -Ramawat 4th Edition.
Unit -III Glick: Molecular Biotechnology - Principles and Applications of
Recombinant DNA (3rd, Third Edition) By Bernard R. Glick
Nallari
Unit -IV Alans Cragg ,Environmental Biotechnology by Alan Scragg B. D.
Singh Kalyani Publishers, 2010 - Biotechnol ogy -
Page 27
PAPER PSMB 403- PLANT, AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Course Objective:
The course is designed for learners to
o To familiarize the students with the new concepts and advanced research areas and
applications of plant and animal biotechnology.
o To promote integration of the concepts of Bioaugmentation, Biostimulation and
Biocontrol in the field of Agriculture.
o To acquaint them with the concept and scope of Organic Farming.
Course outcome:
By the end of the course, the learner will have sufficient scientific understanding & will be
able to: -
1. Demonstrate different methods to get transgenic crops and their applications in getting
resistant varieties.
2. Comprehend the different methods of obtaining Transgenic animals and their applications.
3. .Assess the importance of Vermicomposting and Biofertilizers in agriculture. 4. Understand the role of microbiologist in Organic farming and its scope.
5.Critically evaluate the need for the use of Bi ocontrol agents in the field of a agriculture.
PSMB403 PLANT, AGRICULTURE AND
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 60L 04
Unit
1 Subunit Unit 1 - Plant Biotechnology
15L 01
1.1 Genetic engineering of Plants
Plant transformation with Ti plasmids of
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ,Ti plasmid
derived vector systems, physical
methods of transferring genes to plants:,
Use of guns and electric shock to
transfer DNA into plant cells,
Microprojectile bombardment, Chloroplast engineering (04)
04
1.2 Bombard ment with DNA coated beads can
produce transgenic organelles, Plant genes
can be cloned by using transposable
elements, T -DNA is used as an insertion
mutagen. Use of reporter genes in
transformed plant cells, viruses can be used as vectors for whole pl ants, Manipulation of
gene expression in plants: Gene targeting,
Facilitating protein purification: Oleosins, 04
Page 28
Rhizosecretion, Glysosylation (04)
1.3 Uses genetically engineered plants: To
overcome Biotic and abiotic stress: Insect
resistance: Increasing expression of the
B.thuringiensis protoxin, other strategies for
protecting plants against insects, Virus
resistance, Herbicide resistance, fungus and
bacterium resistance, Oxidative stress, Salt and drought stress,
Fruit ripening and
Flower wilting. To improve plant quality
and proteins. 04
1.4 Modification of plant nutritional content,
Modification of plant taste and appearance,
Plants as bioreactors, edible vaccines 03
Unit
2 Unit 2 - Animal Biotechnology 15L 01
2.1 Transgenic animals:
Transgenic Mice: methodology: The
retroviral Vector method, The DNA
microinjection method, The engineering
embryonic stem cell method, Genetic
modification with the Cre -loxP
recombination system, RNA interfe rence,
Transgenesis with high capacity vectors.
(07)
07
2.2 Uses of transgenic animals :
Transgenic disease model, transgenic mice as test system, Conditional regulation of transgene expression, , Cloning live stock by
Nuclear transfer, Transgenic livestock: production of pharmaceuticals, Production of Donor organs, Disease resistant livestock, Improving milk quality, Improving animal production traits, Trangenic poultry and
transgeni c fish (08) 08
\ Unit
3 Bioaugmentation and Biostimulation in
Agriculture
15L 01
3.1 Introduction
02
3.2 Vermicomposting 03
3.3 Bio-intensive Nutrient Management, Use of
Biofertilizers: Rhizobium, blue green algae, phosphate solubilizers, Mycorrhiza. 09
3.4 Organic Farming and scope of organic
farming in India 01
Unit Biocontrol in Agriculture 15L 01
Page 29
4
4.1 Biological control of Pests : Biological
Control agent, mechanism of biocontrol,
biopesticide, bioinsecticide, bioherbicide
05
4.2 Induced systemic resistance in Biocontrol of
Plant diseases :
a) Induction of systemic resistance by Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Tricoderma, Fungi and others.
b) Mechanism of Induced systemic
resistance
04
4.3 Microbial control strategies: Postharvest
diseases of Fruits, Vegetables, Roots and Tubers
a) Mode of action of biocontrol agents
b) Extensive of use of biocontrol agents
c) Enhancing biocontrol efficacy of Microbial Antagonist
d) Biotechnological Appro ach 06
REFERENCES:
1. B.R. Glick, J.J. Pasternak and C.L. Patten. Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and
Applications of Recombinant DNA. 4th Edition. ASM Press, Washington D.C.
2. J.D. Watson, M. Gilman, J. Witkowski and M. Zoller. Recombinant DNA. 2nd Edition.
Scientific American Books.
3. A.K. Sharma. A handbook of Organic Farming. 2004. Agrobios India.
4. A. Singh, A. Parmar and R.C.Kuhad. Bioaugmentation, Biostimulation and Biocontrol. Soil Biology Volume 28. Springer.
5. H. M. Gupta. Organic Farming and Sustainable Agriculture. 2005. ABD Publishers, Jaipur, India.
Practical: Plant, Agriculture and Animal Biotechnology
1. Preparation of Vermicompost and microbiological analysis of vermicompost
2. Isolation of organisms producing plant growth promoting substances
3. Production and estimation of plant growth promoting substances (any one)
4. Qualitative and quantitative study of Phosphate solubilizers
SELF STUDY
1. Report on a visit to Biofertilizer and biopesticide production plants
2. Assignment on Transgenic organelles in plants / Uses of transgenic lifestock
Page 30
PSMB404 : MYCOLOGY, VIROLOGY & PROTOZOOLOGY
Learning Objective
The course is designed for learners to
• provide a broad background to some of the fastest developing areas in current fields
of Mycology, Virology and Protozoa and study their potential importance in various
areas other than Medical Microbiology
• understand the importance of e nvironmental fungi, viruses and protozoa in the
nutrient and chemical cycles needed to maintain life on Earth.
Learning Outcome –
At the end of this course the learner will
• Be familiar to contributions that show new applications, developments of well-
established technology, novel research into new technology with reference to these three categories of microorganisms.
• have solid understanding of basic concepts in these fields and the knowledge gained
will enable students to apply these concepts to problems in the different fields of Mycology, Virology and Protozoa.
• be able to predict the outcome of intervention measures both on the cellular as well as the population level
.
Course
Code Unit Subunit Topics Lectures Credits
PSMB -
404 Unit 1 Fungal technology 15 01
1.1 Mycology
a) A neglected Mega Science
b) The diversity of fungi and fungus like
organisms
c) Fungal molecular taxonomy: An overview
02
1.2 Fungal Pigments and Mycotoxins
a) Genetic basis of pigment production
b) Factors affecting pigment production
c) Fermentation for pigment synthesis
d) Mycotoxins and their replacement
e) Relevance of pigments in various fields
02
1.3 Fungal siderophores – structure, function and
applications
02
1.4 Fungal Lipid production
a) Oleaginous fungi
b) Lipid production from lignocelluloses and
crude glycerol
05
Page 31
c) Production of specific chemicals and fuels
derived from lipid metabolism
1.5 Fungal Metabolites
a) Enzymes - Xylanase, Laccase,
Galactosidase, Inulinase, Catalase and
b). Flavours and Aroma
c ) Engineering of fungal biomolecules
04
PSMB -
404 Unit 2 Animal and Plant Virology 15 01
(Study of virus with respect to Clinical Features and
Epidemiology Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Prevention,
and Control)
Veterinary and Zoonotic viruses
a) Study of members of the genus Capripoxvirus –
(Sheep pox Virus, Goat pox Virus, and Lumpy
Skin disease virus)
b) Study of Members of the Genus Asfarviridae
African swine fever virus
c) Marburg and Ebola disease viruses
d) Members of the genus Influenza Virus A - Swine
Influenza viruses and Avian influenza viruses
e) Detection of viruses - Measurement of virus
particles – Electron microscopy,
f) Measurement of viral enzyme activity -
serological method, virus neutralization,
Hemagglutination, complement fixation,
Protein detection, Immuno precipitation and
Immunoblotting, ELISA, Green fluorescent
probe, Nucleic acid detection, DNA microarray.
09
2.2 Plant virology
a) Origin and Evolution of plant virus – history
and descriptors used in virus taxonomy
b) Disease symptoms and Economic losses -
Economic losses due to plant virus, Macroscopic symptoms - Local and systemic
c) Detection of plant viruses: Infectivity assays -
Quantitative Assay Based on Local Lesions, Quantal Assay Based on Number of
Individuals Infected.
d) Use of plant viruses in industry.
06
PSMB -
404 Unit 3 Study of Bacteriophages and Algal Phages
15 01
3.1 Intemperate and Temperate Bacteriophage
Page 32
a) Intemperate Bacteriophage –
T2, T6, T1, T5, T3 and T7
Bacteriophages belonging to the Ff Group.
Bacteriophages Infecting Bacillus subtilis -
Bacteriophage SP01, Bacteriophage φ29
b) Temperate Bacteriophage – Other Lambdoid
Phages- Bacteriophage P22, Bacteriophage P2
and P4, Bacteriophage P1, Bacteriophage Mu,
SSV1 and SSV2.
c) Study of bacteriophages by one step growth
curve
9
3.2 Study of Mycobacteriophage - Phage therapy -
therapeutic approach to Mycobacterial infections 2
3.3 Algal bloom viruses 2
3.4 Cultivation of viruses from Environment 2
PSMB -
404 Unit 4 Protozoology 15 01
4.1 Introduction to Protozoa
a) Classification of Protozoa
b) Processes in Protozoa:
Motility, Nutrition, Reproduction
c) Cultivation of Protozoa
01
4.2 Protozoa used in Wastewater M icrobiology
a) Sarcodina
b) Flagellates
c) Ciliates
d) Sporozoa
e) Rhizopoda 02
4.3 Importance of Protozoans in water and wastewater
treatment
a) Protozoa as indicators of wastewater
treatment efficiency
b) Types of Protozoans (Key groups)
c) Activated sludge ecosystems
d) Microfaunas as indicators
04
4.4 Importance of Protozoans in Soil
Bioremediation 03
4.5 Protozoan Parasites
a) Giardia spps
b) Cryptosporidium 05
Page 33
c) Microsporidia
d) Toxoplasma
e) Naegleria fowleri
PRACTICALS FOR PSMB 404
1. Qualitative and quantitative estimation of fungal Laccase enzyme
2. Enrichment and Enumeration of bacteriophage.
3. Haemagglutination/ Haemagglutination Inhibition test for determination of titre of
viruses
4. Demonstration of virus cultivation within chick embryo
5. Detection of viral enzyme activity /viruses by ELISA test
6. Cultivation of protozoa from natural environment
SELF STUDY
1. Report on Visit to virology institutes like NIV Pune, Veterinary college or any other
relevant institute
2. Assignment on Emerging protozoa/fungal/viral diseases .
REFERENCES
Unit 1 – Applications of fungal technology
1. Applied Mycology by Mahendra Rai, Paul Dennis Bridge, 20 09, CAB International.
2. Fungal Biology 4thed. By J. W. Deacon ,2006, Blackwell Publishing.
3. Fungal Biomolecules – sources, Applications and Recent developments by Vijay
kumar Gupta, Robert L. Mach, S. Sreenivasaprasad2015, Published by John Wiley &
Sons .ltd .
4. Developments in Fungal Biology and Applied Mycology by TulsiSatyanarayana, Sunil K. Deshmukh, B. N. Johri2017, Springer.
5. Gunther Winkelmann (2007) “Ecology of siderophores with special reference to the fungi” Biometals , 20:379 –392.
6. E. Ahmed* and S. J. M. Holmström (2014); “Siderophores in environmental research:
roles and applications” Microbial Biotechnology , 7, 196– 208. Published by John
Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.
7. Biotechnology of Yeasts and Filamentous Fungi by Andriy A. Sibirny 2017, Springer
International Publishing AG .
8. Radhika Deshmukh ,Anshuman A. Khardenavis and Hemant J. Purohit Review Article,
Indian J. Microbiology (July –Sept 2016) 56(3):247 –264.
Unit 2 – Animal and Plant Virology
Page 34
1. Fenners Veterinary Biology - 4th edition, 2011, N.James Maclachlan & Edward J.
Dubovi
2. Principles of Molecular virology - Allan J. Cahn. 6th edition, 2016.
3. Plant Virology ,Roger Hull
Unit 3 - Study of Bacteriophages and Algal Phages
1. Bacterial and Bacteriophage genetics - 5th edition, 2006, Edward A. Birge.
2. Advances in viral research. – Past, present and future. Said A. Ghabrial
3. Corina P. D. Brussaard and Joaquín Martínez Martínez, Algal bloom viruses Plant
Viruses 2 (1), 1 -13 ©2008 Global Science Books
4. Protoz oal Viruses , Louis S.Diamond and Carl F.T.Mattern
5. Principles of Virology – Flint 2nd edition
6. Understanding Viruses – Teri Shors. Jones and Bartlett pub
7. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S218638
8. https://doi.org/10.1086/343812
9. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23642149
10. doi:10.1128/AEM.07175 -11
Unit 4 – Protozoology
1. The handbook of water and waste water Microbiology by Duncan Mara and Nigel
Horan,2003
2. Wastewater Microbiology, 2nd edition by Bergey, D.H
3. Wastewater Microbiology, 4th edition by Gabriel Bitton,2011
4. Pauli W, Berger S, Protozoa in wastewater treatment: Function and Importance.
Biodegradation and Persistence,2001,Pg 203-252.doi:10,1007/10508767_3
5. Atlas of Medical Helminthology and Protozoology , 2001 Peter L. Chiodini,
A.H.Moody, D.W.Manser
6. Textbook of Medical Parasitology: Protozoology and Helminthology, 4 th edition by
S. C. Parija
7. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1872203207600687
8. https://www.nature.com/articles/ismej20132 0
___________________________________________________________________
Page 35
5. Theory Evaluation :
Students appearing for the Revised MSc part 2 syllabi will be evaluated as per the 60:40 scheme
wherein the term end exam will be of 60 marks while 40 ma rks will be through internal evaluation .
There will be no internal evaluation for practical examination
A. Theory Internal Examination : 40%
a. CSR Component : 10 marks
Any one topic per paper can be selected by the student in which the candidate through a
submitted report and actual observation by the teacher be graded for their involvement in
• Social outreach awareness of microbiology in daily life of villages , slum etc
• Teaching assistance
• Instrument maintenance of the de pt
• Involvement in organization of conferences , workshops seminars etc
• Ecofriendly Green initiatives taken by dept like kitchen and garden waste disposal ,
vermin -composting etc
b. Technical Component : 30 marks
Any one topic per paper can be select ed by the student from the following
• Patent writing on an selected microbiological innovation /technology
• Manuscript writing on a selected review based topic
• A report on case study
• Involvement in Scientific debate on a given topic quoting relevant sci entific papers to
emphases its pro and cons
• Poster preparation
• Attending a scientific conference and writing a report on it
• Visiting a lab/ biotechnology industry as observers and presenting a report on it
• Abstract writing
• Maintaining a register wrt to use of culture as per the biodiversity Act
Note : All reports presented will be checked by the Student for Absence of Plagiarism using the free Software like UrKund, Viper etc and attach a certificate of compliance for the same .
B. Theory - External examination -60% .
• Semester End Theory Assessment 60 marks
• The duration of these exam will be of 2.5 hrs
• The theory question paper will have 5 questions each of 12 marks .
• For each unit there will be one question and the fifth will be based on all the four units
Page 36
• All questions shall be compulsory with internal choice within the questions such that each
question will be set of 20 -23 marks with options.
• Questions shall be subdivided into sub questions a, b, c, d, and e only and the allocation of marks will depend on the weight age of the topic
Practicals :
1. Each practical paper should have 1 major and 1 minor doable expts. The major expts should
be exhaustive and should involve planning , obtaining the culture etc
2. The candidate will be given a choice of selecting the type of practicals they wish to perform . If
students wish to take up project work then in Semester 3 they will have to submit their
research proposal in the Mumbai university research grant format for its evaluatio n for 50
marks while in Sem ester 4 the candidate will submit his/her dissertation as a bound volume
and present the work to the examiners through a presentation (oral/poster) for its evaluation
for 100 marks
3. In lieu of this submission , the candida te will be allow to appear for practicals of Sem ester 3
only for three papers i.e PSMB 302, 303 and 304 instead of the usual four papers . In
Sem ester 4 the candidate will appear for their Practical exam in only two papers i.e PSMB
401, and 403 instead of the usual four papers .
5. If the students does not wish to take up Project work then the practical exam will be held on
the expts of all the four papers in both Semester 3 and Semester 4 .
5. To make our students knowledgeable in various technique, college are requested to form
themselves in small groups based on location convenience and make arrangements to send
their students t o various institutes where expts that are expensive can be demonstrated.
Practical Examination Pattern
Semester 3
Prac tical
Course Major
Technique Minor
Technique Journal Viva Spots Total
PSMB 301 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB302 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB303 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB304 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
OR
Practical
Course Major
Technique Minor
Technique Journal Viva Spots Total
PSMB302 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB303 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB304 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
Research proposal in the Mumbai university research grant format and present
the proposal to the examiners through oral/poster 50 marks
Page 37
Semester 4
Practical
Course Major Technique Minor Technique Journal Viva Spots Total
PSMB 401 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB402 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB403 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB404 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
OR
Practical Course Major Technique Minor Technique Journal Viva Spots Total
PSMB401 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
PSMB403 25 marks 10 marks 5 marks 5 marks 5 marks 50 marks
Research dissertation submitted as a bound volume and present the work to the
Examiners through a presentation (oral/poster) for its evaluation 100marks