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TYBSc Fishery Biology Sem V VI Syllabus Mumbai University by munotes
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CONTENT S
1. Preface
2. Preamble
3. Pedagogy
4. Tables of Courses, Topics, C redits and Workload
5. Theory Syllabus for Semester V (Course code: USACFBIO501)
6. Practical Syllabus for S emester V (Course code: USACFBIO5P1)
7. Theory Syllabus for Semester VI (Course code: USACFBIO601)
8. Practical Syllabus for S emester VI (Course code: USACFBIO6P1)
9. References and Additional Reading (Course code: USACFBIO501 and
USACFBIO601 )
10. Scheme of Examination (Theory and Practical)
11. Skeleton Practical Exam Paper Semester V and Semester VI
12. Annexure – I (Suggested Topics for Assignment: Semester V)
13. Annexure – II (Suggested Field Visits: Semester VI)
14. Annexure – III(Suggested Projects: Semester VI)
15. Annexure – IV Learner’s Space
16. Annexure – V Play and Ponder
17. Model Theory Question Paper Semester V & Semester VI
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PREFACE
Applied Component was introduced for T. Y. B. Sc. class in the academic year 1979- 80
with a view to enhance the essence for employability. The syllabus is a blend of concepts with four electives. It gives me immense pleasure to present these four applied c omponent courses namely Marine Science, Fishery Biology, Economic
Entomology and Environmental Science under the umbrella of BOS in Zoology.
In the syllabi of these applied components, applied topics having commercial propositions have been incorporated t hat further ads to the enhancement of
entrepreneurial potential and skills amongst the learners. In the past our syllabus focused mainly on theory as a way of providing knowledge base and preparation for students. We have attempted to go beyond this tradit ion, while doing so, equal
emphasis is laid on theory and corroborative practicals. From the academic year 2011-12, the University has introduced Credit Based Semester and Grading System (CBSGS). Accordingly the existing syllabi of these applied components were
restructured to fit into the CBSGS pattern. The concept of flexi syllabus was introduced offering opportunity to learners to study any four out of a total of eight units in each course. Now that the syllabus is restructured and to be introduced from the academic year 2017- 2018, we have included a novel concept of open unit and case studies. This
approach, I’m sure will enhance the critical and analytical thinking abilities of the students.
I take this opportunity to thank the experts in various field for giving valuable, beneficial
and constructive suggestions during framing of the syllabus. The syllabus committee under the convenorship of Mr. Vinayak Dalvie has done a commendable job of timely
framing the syllabus with a highest degree of precision and accuracy. While appreciating the efforts, I also express my thanks and heartfelt gratitude to the entire
team.
– Dr. Anita Jadhav
Chairperson
Ad-hoc, BOS in Zoology
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PREAMBLE
As a convener when I mooted the concept of flexi -syllabus, first of its kind, in the
academic year 2009- 10 it was grossly misconstrued. To add to it I also placed an idea
of including case studies and introducing a new concept of "Open Unit". Both were
rejected then. I had also proposed a new subject "Entrepreneurial and Industrial
Biology" in place of the existing Applied Components usually offered by the students of
Biological Sciences. 20 workshops in different districts with teachers and students of various subjects were conducted to explain these four concepts. A twenty one days
refresher course for teachers, sponsored by UGC was also conducted in the new subject of "Entrepreneurial and Industrial Biology" which was much appreciated by the then Director of NAAC, Prof H. A. Ranganath, who is from Biological Sciences,
understanding the potential of the subject. However, implementation was postponed for
technical reasons thus permitting innovation limited to the flexi -syllabus, implemented in
2010- 11, which has inherent capacity to cater to the diverse needs of the region and the
industry by allowing students and teachers to choose a desired capsule of eight topics,
with various permutations and combinations from the menu of sixteen based on the
interest, re sources, expertise and need. It took care of a range of students by also
providing learners' space to high IQ students. Yet the possibility of exclusion of some
important topics cannot be ruled out apart from some new avenues developed during
the lag phase of revision of syllabi. Open unit will permit a good teacher to keep pace
with the development and adopt latest topics instantly without waiting till it becomes obsolete in the gap of 5 years that the University generally takes to revise the syllabus.
It may also allow students to learn the existing topic in more details and depth under the
open unit thus making them specialized in need based areas enhancing employability.
Assignments would add to their understanding of Gov ernment schemes, regulations
and market, while projects will augment Business Sense or Scientific Acumen, as the
case may be. Case studies and simulations, introduced for the first time in Zoology,
would pose challenge for true application of knowledge to real life situations with
thought provoking questions demanding analytical solutions. Pedagogy of such dynamic
syllabus will range from use of ICT in the class to teaching directly in the field with a
blend of participative and experiential learning with group dynamics gaining true
knowledge apart from developing personality of the students and above all making them
apply ‘Common Sense’ which is the essence of life. I am sure dedicated team of Zoologists which has placed the subject on top in the past 5 years is poised to make it a success in every college befitting the purpose of introducing applied component by the
University in the academic year 1979- 80.
– VINAYAK DALVIE
Convenor,
Syllabus Committee
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Pedagogy
Applied Component Syllabus of Fishery Biology is flexi -syllabus designed in such a way
that students can carve their future in Fishery Biology. To understand the potential of this flexi- syllabus it is important to select four units in each semester systematically in
such a way that they have relevance with each other. Different capsules may be developed through permutations and combinations and each capsule being a subject in itself. For example selecting units III, IV, VII and VIII in semester V and Units III, IV V and VII in semester VI will ensure specialization in Freshwater Fishery. Of course teacher is at liberty to choose any four units in each semester in consultation with students based on the need, expertise and resources available.
It is recommended to use ICT, films, YouTube clippings, etc., regularly in the classroom.
However, field trips, study tours and industrial visits both short and long are recommended relevant to the units prescribed, whether selected for teaching or not, to provide desired outcome. It is highly recommended that units such as III and V in
semester V and Unit VI I of semester VI are to be taught in field for experiential learning
and not in the classroom. Case studies are to be taught through group discussion, each group consisting of ten students for each case, which will be developed and presented by the teacher with thought provoking approach. The students are expected to do analytical thinking deriving solutions after critical evaluation in the group.
For a creative teacher the open unit can be a most effective tool. The teacher can coin
topics giving further in- depth knowledge on need- based topics covered in the syllabus.
Teacher also has the liberty to include newly developed area or arriving need in the vicinity under open unit with consent of the Head and the Principal of the Institution.
This syllabus has a few theoretical topics, though most of the topics otherwise are applied.
With Fishery Biology Syllabus focused both on Freshwater and Marine fisheries, a student can choose his or her stream accordingly to ensure better prospects in the career.
.
Co-Convenors ,
Syllabus Committee.
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T. Y. B.Sc.
(Credit Based Semester and Grading System)
Fishery Biology (Applied Component)
(to be implemented from the Academic Year 2017- 2018)
Semester V
Oceanography, Aquaculture Practices, Marketing and Finance
Theory (Any four units to be opted)
Course Unit TOPIC Credits L/Week
USACFBIO501 1 Oceanography 2 4
2 Crafts and Gear
3 Farming of Major Carps
4 Introduction to other Commercial
Aquaculture Practices in Fresh Water
5 Culture of Shell fishes and Fin-Fish
6 Quality Control and Packaging
7 Marketing and Finance
8 Case Stud y and Simulation
Practical
USACFBIO5P1 Practical s based on Course
USACFBIO501 2 4
Semester VI
Marine resources, Post -harvest and Farm Engineering
Theory (Any four units to be opted)
Course Unit TOPIC Credits L/Week
USACFBIO601 1 Marine Fin-fish of India 2 4
2 Marine Shellfish of India
3 Nutrition
4 Diseases
5 Preservation and Processing
6 Byproducts and Value added
Products
7 Farm Engineering
8 Open Unit
Practical
USACFBIO 6P1 Practical s based on Course
USACFBIO 601 2 4
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Semester V: Theory
Oceanography, Aquaculture Practices, Marketing and Finance
Course code: USACFBIO501
(Any four units to be opted)
Lectures 60
Credits 2
Unit 1: Oceanography
Objective:
• To study different instruments and equipment s in navigation and oceanography
• To introduce physical, chemical and biological oceanography
Desired outcome:
• Learner shall u nderstand and learn about the use of sea safety, navigational
equipments and oceanographic instruments
• Learner shall understand basic physical, chemical and biological oceanography
1.1 Navigational and sea safety equipments
i) Life saving devices
ii) Global Positioning System (GPS)
iii) Rudder
iv) Signaling devices
1.2 Oceanographic Instruments
i) Niskin water sampler
ii) Peterson’s grab
iii) Dredges
iv) Fish finding instruments / Methods
v) Remote sensing
1.3 Introduction to basic physical, chemical and biological oceanography
Unit 2: Crafts and Gear
Objective:
• To study the process of boat building, materials used and various types of diesel
engines
• To study various types of nets used in fishery
Desired outcome:
• Learner shall comprehend boat building techniques and design of engines used in mechanized boats
• Learner shall understand the operations of various types of nets and fishing
method
2.1 Basic boat building ( parts, design, material used), methods of protection from
foulers and borers
2.2 Basic studies of marine engines :
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i) Outboard and Inboard Engines
ii) Sectional View of 2 -stroke and 4-stroke Diesel engines
iii) Winch and Deck Side Equipment
2.3 Operations:
i) Gill, Trawl, Purse seine N ets
ii) Hooks and Lines
iii) Non-conventional Fishing Methods such as
• Light Fishing
• Hose Pipe Fishing
• Electric Fishing
Unit 3: Farming of major carps
Objective:
• To study and develop skills in breeding techniques, hatchery, nursery and
management of various carps
• To study and explore various techniques used in fishery and poly culture
practices
Desired outcome:
• Learner will understand breeding techniques and skills for culture of major carps
• Learner will comprehend hatchery and nursery management of major carps
3.1 Breeding techniques of major carps and common carp 3.2 Hatchery and nursery management of:
• Major carps:
i) IMCs: Labeo rohita (Rohu) , Catla catla (Catla ), Cirrhinus mrigala (Mrigal)
ii) Exotic carps: Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver carp ), Ctenopharyngodon idella
(Grass carp )
iii) Cyprinus carpio (Common carp)
3.3 Mono- culture and polyculture practices:
i) Extensive
ii) Semi- intensive
iii) Intensive
Unit 4: Introduction to other commercial aquaculture practices in fresh water
Objective:
• To develop skills and understanding of breeding and rearing of sewage- fed
fishery, Basa cat fish and Tilapia by novel ways
Desired outcome:
• Learner will be equipped to carry out entrepreneurial operations or gain
confidence to work in freshwater prawn unit
• Learner will gain knowledge about how to breed and rear ornamental fishes and
commercially viable fish species
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4.1 Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Freshwater prawn)
i) Breeding, life cycle, hatchery management
ii) Monoculture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
iii) Composite culture of major carps and Macrobrachium rosenbergii
4.2 Ornamental fishes – breeding and rearing:
i) Egg layers:
• Danio spp. (Danio )
• Pterophyllum spp. (Angel )
• Symphysodon spp. (Discus )
• Paracheirodon innesi (Neon tetra )
• Flower horn (Hybrid variety)
• Betta splendens (Siamese fighter )
ii) Live bearers:
• Poecilia reticulate (Guppy )
• Xiphophorus hellerii (Swordtail)
• Poecilia velifera (Tangerine)
• Poecilia sphenops (Molly)
• Xiphophorus maculatus (Platy)
4.3 Breeding and r earing of:
• Sewage -fed fishery of air breathing fish: Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Striped
catfish ), Clarius spp. , Heteropneustes spp. and Anabas spp.
• Pangasius bocourti (Basa Catfish )
• All meal (Less bones) Tilapia – GIFT (Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia)
Unit 5: Culture of shell fishes and fin- fish
Objective:
• To study breeding techniques, hatchery and management of fin -fish and shell
fishes
• To study rearing practices of fin -fish and shell fishes
• To study cultur e of brackish water shrimp
Desired outcome:
• Learner shall understand breeding techniques, hatchery and management of fin -
fish and shell fishes
• Learner shall u nderstand the rearing techniques
5.1 Breeding, hatchery, nursery management and rearing (extensive, semi -intensive,
intensive)
i) Fin-fish – Lates calcarifer (Sea bass)
ii) Litopenaeus vannamei (Brackish water prawn or Pacific white shrimp )
iii) Scylla serrata (Giant m ud Crab )
iv) Pinctada vulgaris (Pearl)
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Unit 6: Quality control and packaging
Objective:
• To comprehend various aspects of quality control and packaging involved in fish
processing and marketing
Desired outcome:
• Learner will be oriented towards understanding the various stages of quality
control
• Learner will gain knowledge about the postmortem changes, spoilage
mechanisms and methods involved in evaluating the freshness and quality of
fishes and prawns / shrimps
• Learner shall comprehend the val ue of maintaining and taking sanitary
precautions during the processing and packaging operations
6.1 Post mortem changes and mechanism of spoilage:
i) Hyperaemia
ii) Rigor mortis
iii) Autolysis
iv) Rancidity
6.2 Brief methods for evaluating freshness and quality of fish and prawns / shrimps
i) Organoleptic
ii) Microbial
iii) Chemical
6.3 Sanitary o perations
i) Maintenance of hygiene of food contact surfaces, storage and equipment
ii) Water quality, ice, sewage and waste water disposal and effluent treatment plant
6.4 Various packaging materials used in freezing and canning industry
i) Polyolefin
ii) Wax duplex c arton
iii) Master carton
iv) Can
v) Lacquered can
vi) Retort
vii) Freezing procedures including hygienic washing, dressing
6.5 Quality Policy and Quality Analysis: ISO 22000/HACCP/ BRC/IFS
Unit 7: Marketing and finance
Objective:
• To acquaint and instill knowledge of the fundamentals of marketing and finance
required for entrepreneurship in fishery related enterprises and co- operatives
Desired outcome:
• Learner shall acquire knowledge about traditional marketing practices and role of
co-operatives in selling fish
• Learner shall be exposed to the avenues and procedure for raising funds for
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fishery related entrepreneurial practices
7.1 Traditional marketing vis -a-vis role of fishery co -operatives with reference
to operations at Satpati, Sasoon dock and Karanja
7.2 Global marketing and Export -Import procedures and r ole of Marine Products
Exports Development Authority (MPEDA)
7.3 i) Fund raising:
• Financial institutions
• Schemes and subsidies
• Basic accounting
• Costing and feasibility r eport
ii) Role of NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) for
refinancing and NFDB (National Fishery Development Board, Hyderabad ) for
funding through the State Gov ernment
Unit 8: Case Stud y and Simulation
Case Stud y and Simulation is one of the eight units and hence may or may not be opted
by the college. If opted, teachers in consultation with the students shall select the case
studies for this unit every year, if required, and shall seek endorsement of the Head and
the Principal.
Colleges/ Institutes have to select the topics as per their needs and available resources.
It is pertinent to note that the case studies and simulations shall be operational and available in the syllabus only till it comes under the scope of internal assessment.
Objective:
• To inculcate entrepreneurial abilities and skills so as to make the learner
confident and prepare them to raise new projects and venture in the realm of
fishery biology
• To understand the concepts and to develop the acumen of the learner in a better way
• To assess varying dimensions while taking decisions in fishery biology
Desired outcome:
• Learner will gain technical and financial knowledge in fishery biology business
ventures
• Learner will develop better acumen so as to take wise and necessary decisions
while participating in fishery biology related projects
(Any eight from suggested below or more, developed by teacher)
a) Sawantwadi New Fish Market developed through NFDB funding
b) Trilok foods, an RTE industry established as PPP through DST funding
c) Sewage -fed fishery; Kolkata model
d) Pancham Aquaculture
e) Naik Oceanic
f) Aquaponics , Hydroponics
g) Mahseer Ranching at Dehu
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h) Integrated fish farm goatery, piggery, poultry, dairy, etc.
i) Juchandra Village
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Semester V Practical s
Course code: USACFBIO5P1
2 Credits
1) Identification and functioning of oceanographic instruments :
• Niskin water s ampler
• Peterson’s Grab
• Dredge
2) Layout of fishing vessels and sectional view of 2 stroke and 4 stroke diesel
engines, lifesaving equipment, winch and deck side equipment.
3) Identification of various stages of development of carps and study of sexual
dimorphism in adults.
Indian major c arps:
• Labeo rohita (Rohu)
• Catla catla (Catla )
• Cirrhin us mrigala (Mrigal )
Exotic carps:
• Cyprinus carpio (Common Carp )
• Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver Carp )
• Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass Carp )
4) a) Identification of Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) and
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Freshwater prawn)
b) Study of sexual dimorphism in adults.
5) Identification of fishes :
• Anabas testudineus (Climbing perch )
• Clarius batrachus (Walking catfish )
• Boleophthalmus spp. (Mudskipper )
• Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Iridescent shark )
• Pangasius bocourti (Basa catfish)
• Tilapia (GIFT)
6) Identification of:
A) Ornamental fishes :
• Pterophyllum spp. (Angel )
• Xiphophorus hellerii (Swordtail )
• Paracheirodon innesi (Neon tetra )
• Betta splendens (Siamese fighter )
• Danio spp. (Danio )
• Symphysodon spp. (Discus )
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• Flower Horn (Hybrid variety)
B) Aquatic plants :
• Ludwigia
• Cabomba
• Corks crew Vallisn eria
• Aquarose
• Amazon Swor d plant
C) Aquarium accessories :
• Aerator
• Under Gravel Filter
• Internal Filter
• External / Canister Filter
• Food dispensers
7) Study of models and functioning of D 81 hatchery , Shirgur’s hatcheries and
Chinese hatchery .
8) Microbial studies:
i. Dilution of sample
ii. Gram staining technique
iii. Identification of Bac illi, Cocci, Vibrio bacteria
9) Organoleptic tests for fish and prawn / shrimp
10) Total Plate Count (TPC) of bacteria from fish.
11) Identification of packaging materials:
• Waxed duplex carton
• Master carton
• Simple cans
• Coated [Lacquered] cans
• Polyolefin
• Retort
12) Estimation of toxins and moulting retardant
• H2S (qualitative)
• Ammonia (qualitative)
• Ca (quantitative)
• Mg (quantitative)
13) Photographic documentation of fishery biology related topics .
Submission of 5 hard and soft copies of 5 original photographs taken by the
learner (exif details required) .
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14) Assignment (may be submitted in a group not exceeding three students)
Please refer the Annexure I for the suggested topics for assignment for
Course code USACFBIO5P1.
*Note – The practicals may be conducted by using specimens authorized by the
wild life and such other regulating authorities though it is strongly recommended that the same should be taught by using photographs/audio- visual
aids/simulations/ models etc. as recommended by the UG C and as envisaged in
the regulation of the relevant monitoring bodies. No new specimens, however, shall be procured for the purpose of conducting practicals mentioned here- in
above.
N.B:
I) It is pertinent to note that we have to adhere strictly to the directions as given in the
UGC Circular F14 -4/2006 (CPP -II).
II) Apart from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) and any other
Committee appointed by a Competent Authority / Body from time to time, every college
should constitute the following Committees:
1) A Committee for the Purpose of Care and Supervision of Experimental Animals (CPCSEA) and 2) A Dissection Monitoring Committee (DMC) to ensure that no dissections or mountings are done using animals .
Composition of DMC shall be as follows:
i) Head of the Concerned Department (Convener / Chairperson)
ii) Two Senior Faculty Members of the concerned Department
iii) One Faculty of related department from the same College
iv) One or two members of related department from neighbouring colleges.
USE OF ANIMALS FOR ANY EXPERIMENT /DISSECTION /MOUNTING IS BANNED. SIMULATIONS, AUTHORIZED PERMANENT SPECIMENS/SLIDES, CHARTS, MODELS AND OTHER INNOVATIVE METHODS ARE ENCOURAGED.
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Semester VI: Theory
Marine resources, Post -harvest and F arm Engineering
Course code: USACFBIO601
(Any four units to be opted)
Lectures 60
Credits 2
Unit 1: Marine Fin-fish of India
Objective:
• To study coastal and deep sea fishes
• To study commercial potential and major landing centres
Desired outcome:
• Learner shall understand deep sea and coastal fishes.
• Learner shall understand commercial potential and know about the major landing
centres of the fishes
1.1 Coastal fisheries :
i) Stromateus cinereus (Silver pomfret )
ii) Stromateus niger (Black p omfret )
iii) Polynemus tetradactylus (Threadfin)
iv) Pseudosciaena diacanthus (Two-spined Jewfish or Ghol )
v) Synagris japonic us (Blackmouth splitfin )
vi) Scomber microlepidotus (Mackerel )
vii) Cybium guttatum (Seerfish or Surmai )
viii) Sardinellal ongiceps Indian Oil Sardine
1.2 Deep sea f isheries (more than 45 fathoms) of Indian exclusive economic z one
• Thunnus alalunga (Longfin tuna)
• Sarda orientalis (Striped bonito)
1.3 Commercial potential and major landing centres of the above fishes
Unit 2: Marine shell fish of India
Objective:
• To develop an in- depth understanding of crustacean and molluscan fisheries
Desired outcome:
• Learner shall understand crustacean and molluscan fisheries
• Learner shall understand the performance of landing centres of above fisheries
2.1 Crustacean f isheries
i) Penaeus monodon (Giant tiger prawn)
ii) Penaeus n ndicus (Indian prawn)
iii) Metapenaeus affinis (Jinga shrimp )
iv) Parapenaeopsis stylifera (Kiddi shrimp )
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v) Acetes indicus (Jawala paste shrimp)
vi) Panulirus polyphagus (Mud spiny lobster )
vii) Scylla serrata (Giant mud crab)
2.2 Molluscan fisheries
i) Crassostrea spp. (Oyster)
ii) Sepia pharaonis (Pharaoh cuttlefish )
iii) Loligo duva ucelii (Indian squid)
2.3 Commercial potential and major landing centres of the above shell fishes
Unit 3: Nutrition
Objective:
• To study, acquaint and discover the growing market for fish nutrition
Desired outcome:
• Learner will get acquainted with basics of nutritional requirements at various
developmental stages of fish and crustaceans
3.1 Nutritional requirements at various stages of development of fish and crustaceans
3.2 Culture of natural feed:
i) Chaetoceros
ii) Infusoria
iii) Artemia
iv) Brachionus
v) Daphnia / Moina spp.
3.3 Algology – Identification and culture of commercially important nutritious algae and
its products
3.4 Formulated / Pelleted feed – Understanding the composition and use of formulated
feed for fish and prawns / shrimps at v arious stages
Unit 4: Diseases
Objective:
• To acquire knowledge of the various aspects of diseases affecting fishes
Desired outcome:
• Learner will be oriented towards understanding causes, pathogenicity,
prophylaxis and preventive measures of various fish diseases and physiological
disorders
4.1 Viral d iseases, prophylaxis and preventive measures
4.2 Bacterial, fungal, protozoan infections and treatment
4.3 Crustacean infections and treatment
4.4 Physiological disorders (Dropsy) / diseases and treatment
Unit 5: Preservation and Processing
Objective:
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• To derive knowledge about various fish preservation and processing methods
Desired outcome:
• Learners will acquire the knowledge and would put in to practice the preservation
and processing techniques for commercial ventures
5.1 Traditional methods and their modifications :
i) Icing
ii) Drying
iii) Salting
5.2 i) Introduction to refrigeration: Types and properties of r efrigerants
i) Types of f reezers:
a. Brine
b. Air blast
c. Tunnel
d. Contact plate
e. Cryo -quick
f. IQF: Individual Quick Freezing
ii) Freezing Procedures:
a. PUD (Peeled and Un-deveined)
b. DV (Deveined )
5.3 Principle and steps involved in can reform and canning of fish and shrimp in various
medi a.
5.4 Equipment and utensils used in seafood processing
Unit 6: By -products and Value Added Products
Objective:
• To acquire knowledge of fish by -products, value- added products and good
manufacturing practices
Desired outcome:
• Learner will gain sound knowledge about the fish by -products and value- added
products
• Learner will explore good manufacturing practices while manufacturing these
products
6.1 Proximate composition of fish meat and products
6.2 Introduction to by-products
i) Fish protein concentrate
ii) Fish maws / Isinglass
iii) Fish hydrolysates
iv) Chitin, Chitosan
v) Glucosamine hydrochloride
vi) Gelatin
vii) Fish silage
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viii) Surimi and imitation products
ix) Pearl essence
6.3 Different types of value added products from fish and shell fish
i) Fish / Prawn / Shrimp pickle
ii) Fish wafers
iii) Acetes indicus (Prawn ) chutney
iv) Fish soup powder
v) Fish / Crab steaks
vi) RTE (Ready To Eat)
vii) Battered and breaded products
viii) Marinated tandoori prawns
ix) Prawn curry
6.4 Good manufacturing practices: Health and training of personnel, hygiene
Unit 7: Farm e ngineering
Objective:
• To acquire knowledge about farm engineering and novel fish culture practices
Desired outcome:
• Learner will understand the selection process of hatchery sites and various types
of designs and construction of aquaculture farm practices
• Learners will comprehend the uses of equipment and accessories involved in
aquaculture farms
7.1 Site selection, designing and construction of hatchery and farms for extensive, semi -
intensive and intensive freshwater / brackish- water aquaculture
7.2 i) Raft c ulture
ii) Rope culture
iii) Pen culture
iv) Cage culture with special reference to Rachycentron canadum (Cobia)
7.3 Equipment and accessories used in various aqua farms
Unit 8: Open Unit
Open unit is one of the eight units which may or may not be opted by the college.
Teachers in consultation with the students shall define syllabus under this unit every year, if required, and shall seek endorsement of the Head and the Principal.
Colleges/institutes have to select the topics as per their needs and available resources. It is pertinent to note that the open unit shall be operational and available in the syllabus
only till it comes under the scope of internal assessment.
Objective:
• To teach any one of the units prescribed in the syllabus with more details and in-
depth knowledge leading to specialization in the capsule of units selected.
• To incorporate the topics of special need of the area which are otherwise not
covered in the syllabus.
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• To give scope to creativity and wisdom of a teacher who wants to deal with the
latest developments in the subject without waiting for the university to revise the
syllabus.
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Item No. 4.2 82
Semester VI Practical s
Course code: USACFBIO6P1
Credits 2
1) Identification of marine fishes.
• Stromateus cinereus (Silver pomfret)
• Stromateus niger (Black pomfret )
• Polynemus tetradactylus (Threadfin)
• Pseudosciaena diacanthus (Two-spinned jewfish or Ghol )
• Trichiurus haumela (Ribbon fish )
• Synagris japonicus (Blackmouth splitfin )
• Scomber microlepeid otus (Mackerel )
• Cybium guttatum (Seerfish or Surmai )
• Sardinella longiceps (Indian Oil Sardine)
• Thunnus alalunga (Longfin tuna)
2) Identification of Crustaceans and Molluscs.
• Penaeus monodon (Giant Tiger Prawn)
• Metapenaeus affinis (Jinga shrimp)
• Parapenaeopsis stylifera (Kiddi shrimp )
• Acetes indicus (Jawala paste shrimp)
• Panulirus polyphagus (Mud spiny lobster )
• Scylla serrata (Giant mud crab)
• Crassostrea spp. (Oyster)
• Sepia pharaonis (Pharaoh cuttlefish)
• Loligo duva ucelii (Indian squid)
3) Preparation of formulated feed for fish and prawn.
4) Identification of parasitic infections in aquatic organisms.
• Fungal – Dermatomycosis
• Bacterial – Fin/Tail rot and Dropsy
• Protozoan – Costiasis and White Spot
• Crustacean – Argulosis
5) Fish dressing, filleting, prawn peeling – PUD, DV and grading.
6) Fish morphometry – Length weight relationship of a suitable fish.
7) Preparation of S urimi, Fish protein c oncentrate.
8) Preparations of fish burger, fish fingers, fish/prawn pickle, fish chutney, fish curry .
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Item No. 4.2 82
9) Preparation of C hitin – Chitosan, Pearl essence .
10) Identification of various farm equipment such as :
• Feeding cups / Trays
• Paddle wheel a erator
• Fountains
• Sluice gate models
• Elbow pipe outlets
11) Study of models of raft, pen, cage culture and materials used in rope culture.
12) Project – Feasibility / Scientific .
13) Field Visit Report .
Please refer the Annexure II for the suggested field visits and Annexure – III for
suggested topics for projects for Course code USACFBIO6P1.
*Note – The practicals may be conducted by using specimens authorized by the
wild life and such other regulating authorities though it is strongly recommended that the same should be taught by using photographs/audio- visual
aids/simulations/ models etc. as recommended by the UGC and as envisaged in the regulation of the rel evant monitoring bodies. No new specimens, however,
shall be procured for the purpose of conducting practical mentioned here- in
above.
N.B:
I) It is pertinent to note that we have to adhere strictly to the directions as given in the
UGC Circular F14 -4/2006 (CPP -II).
II) Apart from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) and any other Committee appointed by a Competent Authority / Body from time to time, every college
should constitute the following Committees:
1) A Committee for the Purpose of Care and Supervision of Experimental Animals (CPCSEA) and 2) A Dissection Monitoring Committee (DMC ) to ensure that no dissections or
mountings are done using animals .
Composition of DMC shall be as follows:
i) Head of the Concerned Department (Convener / Chairperson)
ii) Two Senior Faculty Members of the concerned Department
iii) One Faculty of related department from the same College
iv) One or two members of related department from neighbouring colleges.
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Item No. 4.2 82
USE OF ANIMALS FOR ANY EXPERIMENT /DISSECTION /MOUNTING IS BANNED.
SIMULATIONS, AUTHORIZED PERMANENT SPECIMENS/SLIDES, CHARTS, MODELS AND OTHER INNOVATIVE METHODS ARE ENCOURAGED.
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Item No. 4.2 82
References and Additional Reading
USACFBIO501 & USACFBIO601
1) A Text Book of Marine Ecology by Nair M.B. and Thumpy D.H. – Tata MacGraw Hill
Pub. – New Delhi.
2) An Introduction to Fishes by Khanna S.S. – Central Book Depot, Allahabad (1993).
3) Aquaculture, Principles and Practices by Pillay T.V.R. – Fishing New Books (1988).
4) Course Manual in Fishing Technology by Latha Shenoy, CIFE, Versova, Mumbai.
5) Crafts and Gear of India by Y. Shrikrishnan and Latha Shenoy – ICAR Pub.
6) Ecological Methods for Field and Laboratory Investigations by P. Michael. The
Oceans By Svedrup H.V. – et.al. - Asian Pub. House.
7) Financial management b y Prasanna Chandra- Seventh Edition.
8) Financial management b y Khan and Jain.
9) Financial management b y I. M. Pandey.
10) Fish Biology by C.B.C. Srivastava – Narendra Pub. House.
11) Fish and Fisheries by Chandy – National Book Trust.
12) Fish and Fisheries in India – by Jhingran V.G. – Hindustan Pub. Corporation – New
Delhi.
13) Fisheries Biology, Assessment and Management b y Michael King – Fishing News
Publishers (1995).
14) Fishery Science by S amtharam R. – Daya Pub. House – 1990.
15) Fisheries Bioeconomics – Theory, Modelling and Management – FAO Fisheries
Technical Paper 368 – FAO, 2001.
16) General and Applied Ichthyology by Gupta and Gupta, S Chand Publishers.
17) Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries Edited By J.B. Hart and John Reynold.
18) Hand Book of Fresh Water Fishes of India by Beaven C.R. – Narendra Pub. House.
19) Introductory Oceanography by Harold Thurman – Printis Hall Pub. London – 8th
Edition.
20) Marine Ecology by Tait R.B. – Oxford Press.
21) Marine Fi sh and Fisheries by Dr. D. V. Bal and K.V. Rao - Tata MacGraw Hill Pub.
– New Delhi.
22) Marketing Management by Philip Kotler.
23) Modern Fishing Gear Technology by N. Shahul Hameed, Boopendranath – Daya
Pub. House – 2000.
24) Prawn and Prawn Fisheries by Kurian and Sebestian.
25) Project Management by Prasanna Chandra.
26) Refrigeration and air conditioning By C. P. Arora published in 1981.
27) Technology for forming of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in inland
saline soils using ground saline water by Lakra, Reddy and Harikrishna, CIFE and
ICAR.
28) Text Book of Fish Biology and Indian Fisheries by Dr. R. P. Parihar, Central Pub.
House, Allahabad.
29) The Book of Indian Shells by Deepak Apte – Oxford Uni. Press.
30) Wealth of India – Vol. IV – CSIR Pub.
For Additional and Latest Information on the topics, various Web Sites can be
visited.
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Item No. 4.2 82
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION (THEORY & PRACTICAL)
a) Internal assessment of twenty five (25) marks per course per semester should be
conducted according to the guidelines given by University of Mumbai vide circular number UG/04 of 2014 Dated 5th June 2014 to be implemented from academic year 2014- 15.
b) External assessment of seventy five (75) marks per course per semester should be conducted as per the following skeleton question paper pattern.
c) One practi cal examination of one hundred (100) marks per course each should
be conducted at the end of every semester.
Modality of Assessment:
Theory Examination Pattern:
A) Internal Assessment - 25% 25 marks
Internal Assessment: Theory 25 marks
Sr No Evaluation type Marks
1 Class test to be conducted as per following pattern
a) Match the column/Fill in the blanks/Multiple Choice
Questions(1/2 mark each) (5 marks)
b) Five questions of answer in 1 or 2 lines(Concept based
questions) (5 marks)
c) Answer in brief (Attempt any 2 out of the 3) (10 marks) 20
2 Overall conduct as a responsible student, manners, skill in
articulation, leadership qualities demonstrated through organizing
co‐curricular activities, etc. 05
B) External examination ‐ 75 %
Semester End Theory Assessment - 75% 75 marks
1) Duration - These examinations shall be of two and half hours duration.
2) Theory question paper pattern:
i. Q. 1 shall comprises 16 short notes (14 if case studies/open unit is not opted) representing all the units in the syllabus equally, of which students are expected to solve any five.
ii. All questions carry equal marks i.e. 15 m arks each with an internal option of 30
marks.
iii. Each question from Q2 to Q9 (Q8 if case studies/ open unit is not opted) shall
have the following pattern.
Q2 to Q9 A) (15)
OR
Q2 to Q9 B)
i) (7)
ii) (8)
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Item No. 4.2 82
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Practical Skeleton Paper Course code: USACFBIO5P1
Time: 4 hours Total Marks: 100
Q. 1 Identification 20
Identify spots ‘a’ to ‘e’ as per instructions
a) Identify and describe the oceanographic instrument / 2 -stroke / 4 -stroke engine.
b) Identify and describe lifesaving equipment / deck side equipment
c) Identify and describe accessory respiratory organ / ornamental fish / aquarium
plant.
d) Identify and describe the aquarium accessory.
e) Identify and describe the packaging material.
Major Experiment
Q. 2 Perform organoleptic tests to differentiate fresh and stale fish and prawn. 25
Minor Experiment
Q. 3Prepare various dilutions of the given sample of bacteria. 15
OR
Q. 3 Quantitative estimation of Calcium / Magnesium from the given water sample. 15
OR
Q. 3 Qualitative estimation of NH 3 and H 2S from the given water sample. 15
OR
Q. 3Identify the given bacteria with the help of Gram’ s Staining technique. 15
Q. 4 a. Submission of five photographs on relevant topics of fishery biology. 10
b. Submission of assignment and viva based on i t. 20
Q. 5 Certified journal. 10
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Item No. 4.2 82
Practical Skeleton Paper Course code: USACFBIO6P1
Time: 4 Hours Total Marks: 100
Q.1Identification 20
Identify spots ‘a’ to ‘e’ as per instructions
a) Identify and describe the given fish w.r.t. fishery
b) Identify and describe the given crustacean / mollusc w.r.t. fishery
c) Identify and describe the pathogen and its prevention and treatment of the given
specimen.
d) Identify and describe farm equipment / model / material.
e) Identify and describe byproducts chitosan / chitin / pearl essence.
Major Experiment
Q. 2Prepare the marked by -product / value- added product with suitable method: Surimi
/ Fish Protein Concentrate / Fish Burger / Fish or Shrimp Pickle / Chitin / Chitosan. 25
Minor Experiment
Q. 3Determine the fish morphometry – Length weight relationship of a suitable fish. 15
OR
Q. 3Demonstrate the technique of fish dressing and filleting. 15
Q. 4 Project and viva based on it. 20
Q. 5 Field repor t 10
Q. 6 Certified journal 10
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Item No. 4.2 82
Annexures
Annexure -I
Suggested Topics f or Assi gnment USACFBIO5P1 (Teachers are expected to
develop additional innovative topics, varying every year, to be assigned to the students)
1) Market survey for various preserved and processed fish / prawns.
2) Observation on handling of fish on board, at landing centre, in secondary market
and at consumer level.
3) Survey of the local market for the availability of various by -products / value added
products and its price.
4) Comparative study of the shelf life of various fishes / fish by -products / value
added products in relation to their cost.
5) Study of economics of brackish water pond culture.
6) Study of working of fisheries co- operative societies in your area.
7) Study of cost of construction of fishing vessel and subsidies available for the same.
8) Study of cost of gear manufacturing with different materials and subsidies available
for the same.
9) Study of cost and profit analysis of any one of the following m ethods – Trawler /
Gill netter / Purse seiner /hooks and lines and Non- mechanized fishing units.
10) Survey of various packaging materials used in fish processing industries.
11) Survey of various feeds used in local aqua farms.
12) Study of economics of pond culture from nearby area.
13) Comparative cost analysis of fingerlings of major carps from your area.
14) Setting up of marine / fresh water aquarium with various accessories and its
costing.
15) Survey of costing of aquaria of different sizes and shape.
16) Study of various courses run by Institutes in your area in relation to fisheries.
17) Survey of aquarium shops to compare the costs of various aquarium fishes.
18) Study of economics involved in breeding / rearing of aquarium fishes.
19) Review of different marketing strategy (w.r.t. attracting target clients) used by manufacturers of fish products / byproducts / value added products.
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Item No. 4.2 82
20) Survey of target clients of manufacturers of fish products / byproducts / value
added products.
21) Study of working of financial institutions involved in fundi ng fishing industry.
22) Review of export import procedures followed by the fishing industry in your area.
All the topics mentioned above are suggestive in nature and more creative and
innovative topics are expected from the students under the able guidance of concerned teachers, to suit the expertise, human resources, infrastructure and local needs as also the interest of the students.
The assignment may be submitted in a group not exceeding three students.
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Item No. 4.2 82
Annexure - II
Suggested Field Visits USACFBIO6P1
There shall be various short and long excursions / study tours / field visits / industrial visits in every semester, at least one of which shall be financially affordable to every student in the class; and that assessment and marks of field trips shall b e solely
based upon such where no student was restrained for financial limitations.
Field visits are to be organized to facilitate students to have firsthand experience and
exposure to technology / production / functioning of an organization / unit or wi tness
a relevant activity.
Each student must make at least 01 ( one) such visits to the units/markets/sea
shores out of 2 to 3 such visits organized by the college.
The list is suggestive and not exhaustive
I) Visit to one of the units with one or multiple activities such as:
• Ornamental / Brackish water / Fresh water fish farm / hatchery
II) Visit to witness one of the activities such as
• Fish angling / trawling / purse seining / gill netting
• Fish finding operations, etc. (Echo Sounder / Sonar / Fish Magnifier)
III) Visit any production units such as
• Food / Fish processing and preservation
• Ornamental articles
IV) Hi- tech and multinational total export oriented units such as
• IQF plant
• Surimi plant
• Fishery plant
• Microbiological units
• Hi–tech fish / prawn / chick hatcheries
• Fish consumer product industries
V) Others –
• Self-Sale Groups
• Co-operative Societies
VI) Govt. Offices such as
• Fishery Department
• MPEDA
• Wild-life Authority
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• CITES
• JDEI (Jt. Director- Export and Import)
• Sales Tax
• Income Tax
• Excise Department
• Customs Authority of India
• Local Self Govt. (BMC)
• Clearing Agencies / Agents
• FDA
• ISI
• Agmark, etc.
VII) Visit any ancillary unit such as
• Ice plant
• Can reforming
• Packaging
• Cold storage
VIII) Visit to National Laboratories, National Research Labs and Training Institutes such as NIO, CIFE, CMFRI, CIFT, FSI, IFP, CIFI, CIFNET, NBFGR, etc.
IX) Following places may be considered for short/long excursions:
MUMBAI DISTRICT:
• Versova Beach/Fish landing centre
• Girgaum Chowpatty
• Sassoon Dock, Colaba
• Ferry Wharf (Bhaucha Dhakka)
• Taraporevala Marine Biological Research Station, Bandra (East)
• Manori beach
THANE DISTRICT:
• Uttan
PALGHAR DISTRICT:
• Arnala Beach and Fishermen co- op. society
• Satpati (also multipurpose fisherman co- operative society)
• Kelwa beach (Datiware / Tembhi)
• Rangaon fish landing centre (Vasai)
• Dahanu (Narpad / Varor fish landing centre)
RAIGAD DISTRICT:
• Alibaug
• Karanja
• Shriwardhan
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• Uran creek
• NhavaSheva Port (JNPT) / Jawaharlal Nehru Custom House
RATNAGIRI DISTRICT:
• Ganpatipule beach
• Dapoli (Harnai / Harne Port Fish Auctioning)/ Dabhol / Burondi
• Mirkarwada Harbour (Major fish landing and assembling centre, Ratnagiri)
• Rajiwada (Satellite landing centre, Ratnagiri town)
• Guhagar beach (Use of Solunar Clock for fishing)
• Karla (Ratnagiri) – First Fisherman co- operative society of India (Estd. 1913)
• Marine Biological Research Station, Zadgaon, Ratnagiri (Aquarium
Management Training Programme)
• Sangameshwar, Lanja, Rajapur
SINDHUDURG DISTRICT:
• Vengur la
• Malvan
• Deogad
• Anandwadi fish landing centre
• Sawantwadi
• Kankavali
• Sarjekot
• Tarkarli beach
Outside Maharashtra:
• Pirotan Island Marine Park (Jamnagar, Gujarat)
• Lakshwadeep Islands
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• The Cochin Fisheries Harbour (Cochin, Kerala)
• Veraval
• Maldives
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Annexure I II
Suggested Topics for Project USACFBIO6P1 (Teachers are expected to develop
additional innovative topics, varying every year, to be assigned to the students)
1) Feasibility report of the maintenance of aquarium fishes in high profile residences.
2) Feasibility report of fresh water / brackish water fish / prawn culture for extensive,
semi intensive and intensive.
3) Probability report of maintenance of a culture of Chaetopteros andArtemia by the fish
farmers.
4) Project report for the es tablishment of small / medium / large scale ice factory,
freezing and canning industry.
5) Feasibility report of various packaging materials in freezing / canning industry.
6) Feasibility report for establishing an aquarium shop.
7) Feasibility report for establish ing a fish feed industry.
8) Monitoring various physico- chemical parameters of an aquarium / pond / lake / river /
sea.
9) Feasibility report for establishing value added products of fish / shell fish.
10) Project report for culture of commercially important nutrit ious algae and its products.
11) Project report on s urvey of fish markets for fluctuation in the availability and price of
fishes.
The project may be submitted in a group not exceeding three students.
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Item No. 4.2 82
Annexure IV
Learner s’ space
When education system today has identified special needs of slow learners we are still
silent about needs of high IQ students. Teachers are therefore recommended to identify
and encourage such students to undertake research with a view to publish paper/s in
peer reviewed International Indexed Journals with high impact factor thus providing
‘learners ’ space’ .
Some of the suggestive avenues are listed below which can certainly be not
exhaustive since the said students under the guidance of teachers can identify latest areas of research. Needless to say that ‘learners ’ space” i s optional additional activity
which may not be undertaken by college if not befitting.
1. Developing statistical model for forecasting fish landing of prominent fishes.
2. Undertaking physicochemical oceanographic research at the established centres
in the deep sea preferably in collaborati on with reputed research institutes.
3. Addressing issues of marine oil pollution.
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Item No. 4.2 82
Annexure – V
Play and Ponder
While learner’s space is for high IQ Students, play and ponder could be a general
activity creating interest in the subject and could also be a part of pedagogy wherein it
may be considered as innovative teaching methodology.
Following are some of the suggestive activities though of course teachers can
creatively develop more in the years to develop.
1. Making different fishery gears (nets).
2. Setting up an aquarium in laboratory.
3. Preparation of Prawn pickle and Fish pickle and obtaining feedback from 10
students and 5 teachers.
4. Preparation of fish poultry feed using waste from fish market (fish scales, crab
shell, prawn shell, viscera, gills, operculum etc.)
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Item No. 4.2 82
Model Question Paper USACFBIO501
Duration: 2.5 Hours Total marks: 75
N.B.: 1) Question No. 1 is compulsory.
2) Attempt any four questions from question No. 2 to question No. 9.
3) Draw neat and labelled diagrams wherever necessary.
Q. 1] Write notes on any 5 of the following (Mixed questions from all units): 15
a) Niskin water sampler
b) Dredges
c) Gill net
d) Hooks and lines
e) IMC
f) Advantages of induced breeding in carps
g) Monoculture of Giant freshwater prawn
h) GIFT
i) Physical features of Lates calcarifer
j) Pearl bank in India
k) Master carton
l) Polyolefin
m) Feasibility report.
n) Major export markets of sea- food
o) ______________ (if case study is opted)
p) ______________ (if case study is opted)
Q. 2 Question based on Unit 1
Q. 2 A] With reference to oceanography describe working of GPS. Add a note on Life
Saving Devices. 15
OR
Q. 2 B] Explain the following:
(i) Rudder 7
(ii) Peterson’s grab 8
Q. 3 Question based on Unit 2
Q. 3 A] Give an account on Wood as a Boat -Building material. Add a note on 4- stroke
engine. 15
OR
Q. 3 B] Explain the following:
(i) Structure and operation of trawl net 7
(ii) Non-conventional methods of fishing 8
Q. 4 Question based on Unit 3
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Item No. 4.2 82
Q. 4 A] Write an account on Semi intensive polyculture practice in India. Add a note on
extensive fish farming. 15
OR
Q. 4 B] Explain:
(i) Nursery management of Cirrhinus mrigala 7
(ii) Breeding techniques in Indian Major Carps 8
Q. 5 Question based on Unit 4
Q. 5 A] Describe the Breeding of Neon tetra and Flower Horn. 15
OR
Q. 5 B] Describe breeding and rearing of:
(i) Air breathing fishes 7
(ii) Macrobrachium rosenbergii 8
Q. 6 Question based on Unit 5
Q. 6 A] Discuss the following w.r.t. commercial aquaculture cultures of Litopenaeus
vannamei and Scylla serrata 15
OR
Q. 6 B] Discuss the following:
(i) Food and Feeding habit of Lates calcarifer 7
(ii) Pearl culture 8
Q. 7 Question based on Unit 6
Q. 7 A] Explain Organoleptic tests to detect quality of fish along with Chemical methods
to detect freshness of fish 15
OR
Q. 7 B] Explain the following:
(i) Autolysis and Hyperaemia 7
(ii) Rigor mortis in fish 8
Q. 8 Question based on Unit 7
Q. 8 A] With reference to marketing and finance discuss operation of fishery
cooperative society in your district. Add a note on basic accounting and costing in fisheries. 15
OR
Q. 8 B] With reference to fishery sector describe:
(i) Global fish marketing strategies 7
(ii) Role of MPEDA 8
Q. 9 Question based on Unit 8
Q. 9 A] Question based on case study / simulation (if opted) .
15
Case Study: Cage Culture of Tor khudree in River Indrayani at Dehu, Pune, India.
Dehu is an ancient town located near Pune, on the banks of the Indravati River and is famous as the birth place of the poet Saint Tukaram. At Dehu just behind the Gatha
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Item No. 4.2 82
Mandir there was a Matsya doha. It was like a fish sanctuary where pilgrims enjoyed
feeding the Mahseer.
Mahseer is a world famous, outstanding game fish found all along the Himalayan Belt inhabiting different rivers throughout the length and breadth in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and even Thailand. Despite of their abundance at one time, the
Mahseer population has been declining in number and size in natural waters and is in serious danger of extinction in India. Six valid species and three subspecies of Mahseer are found in various river systems of India. Out of these, three species are declared as endangered by IUCN. Due to water pollution and river valley projects in Maharashtra, the Deccan Mahseer ( Tor khudree and T. musselah) have been decimated from Bhima,
Krishna and Koyna river systems.
Mahseer fish has religious touch. The villagers of Dehu call Mahseer as a
God- fish. In
1982, because of decreased water levels due to indiscriminate pumping and illegal release of obnoxious industrial effluents into the river, the entire population of fish in the river got wiped out. According to villagers in one week 17 truckloads (Approx. 25.5 tonnes) of dead Mahseer were taken in procession and their last rites were performed according to Hindu tradition. According to the local fishermen at Dehu, the dead Mahseer fish were about the size of a buffalo. It was one of the fish species which supported the livelihood of tribals in that area. Therefore, there was an urgent need of restoration and conservation of Mahseer in this s tretch of Indrayani River.
Friends of Nature Association (FoNA), an NGO made efforts and ultimately succeeded in bringing the fish back from the brink of extinction. Shashank Ogale, a senior fisheries
scientist and head of corporate social responsibility and environment at Tata Power gave expert advice on the project. It was funded by the Central Institute of Fisheries Education and sanctioned by the National Fisheries Development B oard. The fish were
bred in artificial tanks, till they were two -three inches long. They were then put in cages
and immersed in the river. When they were acquainted with the pressure and temperature of the polluted waters, they were released. The process i s
was repeated
periodically.
Culture of Tor khudree in cages was carried out in the Indrayani River. Initially, a survey
of the water quality parameters and flow of the river from Dehu to downtown to ascertain its suitability was conducted. Based on the survey and availability of water level, the site was finalized behind the Gatha Mandir at Dehu ( 18.72°N 73.77°E ), where
the cages c ould be installed. This experiment was conducted in floating net cages made
up of HDPE with 3m X 3m X 3m dimensions having mesh size of 15 mm. In the
beginning two cages were installed. The number of cages was raised to 10 in a span of six months in the year 2011 where in all 34508 Tor khudree were raised in 24 batches.
The cages were suspended in river by air tight floating plastic barrels and frames were supported with angles of iron and wooden blocks. Cages were stocked with the fingerlings ranging from 3 cm to 5 cm in length; & weighing 20 g to 70 g of Tor khudree
at a stocking density of 50 nos/m
2 of surface. The fish were supplemented twice a day
at 2- 5% body weight, with a formulated diet containing 34% protein. The experiment
lasted for 3 years and periodic samples were taken every month for fish growth.
The fish generally does not breed natural ly in captivity and requires to be stripped.
Being an endangered species the risk of releasing the spawn enhances mortality and
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Item No. 4.2 82
hence even as an attempt of conservation, rearing in cages for six months for acclimatizing and training for survival in the nat ural habitat became essential allowing
them to be a sizable fish sustaining the challenges of the natural habitat. Mr . Rohit
Nagalgaon has continued the work with more scientific approach under the guidance of Vinayak Dalvie, Academic Co ordinator of Sindhu Swaddhyay Sanstha where Mr . Ogale
is the Co -guide. Rohit under the guidance of Vinayak Dalvie recently got second prize in
poster presentation at the National Youth Science Congress organised by the University of Mumbai in collaboration with Swaminarayan Foundation. Today about 35,000 fully grown Mahseer are seen in the River Indrayani near Gatha Mand ir and are breeding
naturally.
1) What research aspects Rohit can consider in this work?
2) Can this attempt of ex -situ conservation be commercially explored in f uture?
3) If so how?
OR
Q. 9 B] Questions based on case study / simulation.
Simulation: Development of Integrated Fish Farm
Village Juchandra is located in between Naigaon station on Western Railway and
Western Express Highway each at a distance of 2.5 km. Juchandra has Bhayander
Creek in the south with the backwaters flowing in the fields at high tides. Bhayander
Creek is one of the last creeks in the vicinity of Mumbai wh ich has fairly good water
quality supporting brackish water ecosystem. Evident from the salt pans which exists on
its northern side though domestic pollution of Mira- Bhayander townships is imposing
increasing load from the south. The Creek is divided into two by some islands one having inhabited called ‘Panju bet’ a village having no road access. By virtue of this breadth and depth water quality is sustained to some extent though with the rapid urbanization it is being challenged.
Government of Maharashtra State Department of Fisheries has a scheme to lend a land
on lease for promoting prawn culture. Accordingly five hectares land can be allotted to an individual while up to 50 hectares to Private Limited Company for 30 years at a lease rent of Rs. 1000/ - per hectare per year (with an increase in Rs. 1000/ - every five years
per hectare ) and Rs. 2000/ - per hectare (with an increase in Rs. 2000/ - every five years
per hectare) respectively.
1) As budding entrepreneur how do you assess this opportunity? 7
2) Provide your plans for developing integrated aquafarm. 8
Note: Questions of the model question paper are not exhaustive, but suggestive,
and teachers have liberty to reframe, modify and add other questions as deemed
fit.
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Item No. 4.2 82
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AC - 11th May, 2017
Item No. 4.2 82
Model Question Paper USACFBIO601
Duration: 2.5 Hours Total marks: 75
N.B.: 1) Question No. 1 is compulsory.
2) Attempt any four questions from question No. 2 to question No. 9.
3) Draw neat and labelled diagrams wherever necessary.
Q. 1] Write notes on any 5 of the following (Mixed questions from all units): 15
a) Commercial importance of ribbon fish
b) Major fish landing centers of oil sardine
c) Economic importance of Crassostrea spp.
d) Economic importance of lobsters
e) Preservatives used in feed.
f) Nutritional requirement at larval stage of crustaceans
g) Costiasis
h) White spots.
i) Packaging of fishes
j) Fish dressing
k) Prawn chutney
l) Chitin
m) Paddle wheels
n) Feeding cups
o) _______________ (if open unit is opted)
p) _______________ (if open unit is opted)
Q. 2 Question based on Unit 1
Q. 2 A] Discuss the fisheries of Stromateus cinereus and Cybium guttatum 15
OR
Q. 2 B] Give an account of the following:
(i) Major fish landing centers of deep sea fishes 7
(ii) Polynemus tetradactylus fishery 8
Q. 3 Question based on Unit 2
Q. 3 A] Discuss the fisheries of Sepia and Penaeus monodon. 15
OR
Q. 3 B] Explain the following:
(i) Major landing centers for shell fishes . 7
(ii) Scylla serrata fishery 8
Q. 4 Question based on Unit 3
Q. 4 A] Write an account on Nutritional requirements at various stages of development
of fish and add a note on formulated feeds. 15
OR
Q. 4 B] Describe the following:
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AC - 11th May, 2017
Item No. 4.2 82
(i) Culture of natural feed: Artemia 7
(ii) Major constituents of pelleted feed 8
Q. 5 Question based on Unit 4
Q. 5 A] Discuss diseases caused by bacteria and crustacean. Add a note on their
treatment . 15
OR
Q. 5 B] Give an account of the following w.r.t. fish pathology :
(i) Physiological disorders and diseases in fishes 7
(ii) Fungal diseases and their treatment 8
Q. 6 Question based on Unit 5
Q. 6 A] Describe the following w.r.t. preservation and processing –Salting method and
Freezing method. 15
OR
Q. 6 B] Explain the following w.r.t. preservation and processing:
(i) Types of freezers 7
(ii) Icing method 8
Q. 7 Question based on Unit 6
Q. 7 A] Describe the following fishery by -products –Fish Protein Concentrate, Pearl
Essence and Gelatin 15
OR
Q. 7 B] Write elaborate notes on the following:
(i) Proximate composition of fish meat 7
(ii) Prawn pickle and fish wafers 8
Q. 8 Question based on Unit 7
Q. 8 A] Write an account on pen culture and rope culture. 15
OR
Q. 8 B] Describe the following fishes w.r.t. farm engineering:
(i) Site selection criterion for semi -intensive freshwater 7
(ii) Construction of hatchery for semi -intensive freshwater fishes 8
Q. 9 Question based on Unit 8
Q. 9 A] Question based on o pen unit.(if opted)
15 OR
Q. 9 B] Questions based on o pen unit.
(b) ____________________ 7
(b) ____________________ 8
Note: Questions of the model question paper are not exhaustive, but suggestive,
and teachers have liberty to reframe, modify and add other questions as deemed
fit.