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UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
Revised Syllabus for T.Y.B.Sc. Programme- B.Sc. Course- Biotechnology (USBT) (Third Year – Sem. V & VI) (Credit Based Semester and Grading System with effect from the academic year 2018-2019)
TYBSC Biotech revised 2018 19 1 Syllabus Mumbai University by munotes
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TYBSC Biotechnology Course Structure Semester V Course code USBT Title Theory /Practical Marks Credits Nos of Lectures & Practical 501 Cell biology Theory 100 2.5 60 502 Medical Microbiology & Instrumentation Theory 100 2.5 60 503 Genomes and Molecular Biology Theory 100 2.5 60 504 Marine Biotechnology Theory 100 2.5 60 P501+502 Cell biology+ Medical Microbiology & Instrumentation Practical 100 3.0 72 P503+504 Genomes and Molecular Biology+ Marine Biotechnology Practical 100 3.0 72 Applied Component Biosafety Theory 100 2.0 48 Biosafety Practical 100 2.0 48 TOTAL 800 20 480
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Semester VI Course code USBT Title Theory/ Practical Marks Credits Nos of Lectures & Practical 601 Biochemistry Theory 100 2.5 60 602 Industrial Microbiology Theory 100 2.5 60 603 Pharmacology and Neurochemistry Theory 100 2.5 60 604 Environmental Biotechnology Theory 100 2.5 60 P 601-P 602 Biochemistry& Industrial Microbiology Practical 100 3 72 P 603-P 604 Pharmacology -Neurochemistry and Environmental Biotechnology (50M)+ Project work (50M) Practical 100 3 72 Applied component Agribiotechnology Theory 100 2.0 48 Applied component Agribiotechnology Practical 100 2.0 48 TOTAL 800 20 480 Teaching pattern: One (01) Credit would be of thirty- forty (30-40) learning hours; of this more than fifty percent of the time will be spent on class room instructions including practical as prescribed by the University. Rest of the time spent invested for assignments, projects, journal writing, case studies, library work, industrial visits, attending seminars / workshops, preparations for examinations etc. would be considered as notional hours. The present syllabus considers (60L as class room teaching and 15 lectures as Notional hours/ paper). Each lecture duration would be for 48 min The names of the reference books provided in the syllabus are for guidance purpose only. Students and faculty are encouraged to explore additional reference books, online lectures, videos, science journals for latest/ additional information.
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Examination pattern for: Theory: • The question paper for the Term End Exam would be of 100 marks consisting of 5 Questions (20M each), of which one question would be common for all units in the syllabus. • The question paper would be set for 150 marks including internal options. • There shall be no internal exam for any paper. Practical: • Would be conducted over a period of 3 days; 50M each paper. • Each student to perform 2 major and 2 minor practical for Sem V and 2 major and project presentation for Sem VI , • Viva would be conducted during the practical during Sem V; Sem VI would have ONLY project presentation • Journals would be uniform throughout all the centres; matter would be communicated to all the centres by the syllabus committee. • Distribution of marks for the experiments carried out during the examination: Sem V (50M/ paper): Major: 20M; Minor: 10M; Viva: 10M; Journal 10M. Sem VI (50M/paper): Major (x2): 40M; Journal: 10M; Project 50M The report could be around 25-30 pages with appropriate referencing and formatting. Marks distribution for the project would be as follows: 25M documentation, 15M presentation, 10 M viva and interactions; • Students would undertake a project for 1-2 months during the last semester for 50 M. The project should include either of the following: 1. One/ more major instrumentation OR 2. One / more major technique/s required in the field of interest OR 3. Bioinformatics OR 4. Biostatistics
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Semester V
Course code USBT Title Unit Topics Credit No of Lectures
501 Cell Biology I: Cell cycle Cell cycle Introduction: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic- 3 Lectures; The Early Embryonic Cell Cycle and the Role of MPF-4 Lectures; Yeasts and the Molecular Genetics of Cell-Cycle Control – 4 Lectures; Apoptosis, Cell-Division Controls in Multicellular Animals- 4 Lectures
2.5 15 II: Cell Signalling Cell signalling and signal transduction:Introduction General Principles of Cell Signaling - 3 Lectures; Signaling via G-Protein-linked Cell-Surface Receptors - 3 Lectures; Signaling via Enzyme-linked Cell-Surface Receptors - 3 Lectures; Target-Cell Adaptation, The Logic of Intracellular - 3 Lectures; Signaling: Lessons from Computer-based "Neural Networks"- 3 Lectures 15 III: Developmental Biology Overview of how the modern era of developmental biology emerged through multidisciplinary approaches - 5 Lectures; Stages of development- zygote, blastula, gastrula, neurula cell fate & commitment – potency- concept of embryonic stem cells, differential gene expression, terminal differentiation ,lineages of three germ layers, fate map - 6 Lectures; Mechanisms of differentiation- cytoplasmic determinants, embryonic induction, concept of morphogen, mosaic and regulative development Pattern formation-- axis specification, positional identification (regional specification), Morphogenetic movements, Model organisms in Developmental biology - 4 Lectures 15 IV: Cancer Biology Cancer: Introduction, Cancer as a Microevolutionary Process - 4 Lectures; The Molecular Genetics of Cancer - 6 Lectures; Cancer and Virus Cancer diagnosis and chemotherapy - 5 Lectures 15 Total 60
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References: 1. Molecular Cell Biology. 7th Edition, (2012) Lodish H., Berk A, Kaiser C., K Reiger M., Bretscher A., Ploegh H., Angelika Amon A., Matthew P. Scott M.P., W.H. Freeman and Co., USA 2. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th Edition (2007) Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter. Garland Science, USA 3. Cell Biology, 6th edition, (2010) Gerald Karp. John Wiley & Sons., USA 4. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 6th edition (2013), Geoffrey M. Cooper, Robert E. Hausman, Sinauer Associates, Inc. USA 5. Developmental Biology; Scott Gilbert; 9th Edition
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Course code USBT Title Unit Topics Credit No of Lectures
502 Medical Microbiology and Instrumentation I: Virology Introduction to viruses-Position in biological spectrum; Virus properties - 2 Lectures; General structure of viruses Baltimore Classification and Taxonomy(ICTV) - 2 Lectures; Cultivation of viruses - 2 Lectures; Reproduction of ds DNA phages Hepatitis /ss RNA (influenza), animal viruses and plant (TMV)virus - 4 Lectures; Virus purification and assays - 2 Lectures; Cytocidal infections and cell damage - 2 Lectures; Viroids and Prions - 1 Lecture 2.5 15
II: Chemotherapeutic drugs Discovery and Design of antimicrobial agents -1 Lecture; Classification of Antibacterial agents, Selective toxicity, MIC, MLC - 2 Lectures Inhibition of cell wall synthesis (Mode of action for): Beta lactam antibiotics: Penicillin, Cephalosporins; Glycopeptides: Vancomycin; Polypeptides: Bacitracin -2 Lectures Injury to Plasma membrane: Polymyxin – 1 Lecture; Inhibition of protein synthesis Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines Chloramphenicol, Macrolides-Erythromycin- 2 Lectures; Inhibition of Nucleic acid synthesis: Quinolones, Rifampicin, Metronidazole - 2 lectures; Antimetabolites: Sulphonamides, Trimethoprim - 1 lecture; Drug Resistance: Mechanism, Origin and transmission of drug resistance - 1 lecture; Use and misuse of antimicrobial agents - 1 lecture; Antifungal drugs, Antiviral drugs - 2 lectures 15
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References: 1. Principles and techniques in biochemistry and molecular biology (2010), Keith Wilson and John Walker, 7th edition, Cambridge University Press 2. Biophysics (2002) Vasantha Pattabhi and N. Gautham, Kluwer Academic Publishers 3. Physical Biochemistry: principles and applications, 2nd edition (2009), David Sheehan , John Wiley & Sons Ltd 4. HPLC method validation for pharmaceuticals: a review (2013), Harshad V. Paithankar, International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences 2(4): July-August. 5. Mim’s Medical Microbiology 5th edition 6. Microbiology by Prescott Harley and Klein 5th edition Mc Graw Hill 7. Medical Microbiology Jawetz,E., Brooks,G.E, Melnick,J.L., Butel,J.S Adelberg E. A 18th edition 8. Medical Microbiology by Patrick Murray 5th edition 9. Foundations In Microbiology by Talaro and Talaro Third edition W.C Brown 10. Understanding Viruses by Teri Shors III: Spectroscopy Principle, instrumentation, working and applications of: Fluorescence Spectroscopy - 3 Lectures Luminometry - 3 Lectures Light scattering spectroscopy - 3 Lectures Infrared Spectroscopy - 3 Lectures Atomic absorption Spectroscopy - 3 Lectures 15
IV: Bio-analytical techniques Principle, working and applications of: Affinity chromatography - 2 Lectures Ion-exchange chromatography - 2 Lectures Molecular (size) exclusion chromatography - 2 Lectures; HPLC - Method development and validation- 3 Lectures; Isotopes in Biology: Nature of radioactivity - 1 Lecture; Detection Techniques using GM counter, Scintillation counter, autoradiography - 4 Lectures; Applications of Tracer techniques in Biology - 1 Lecture 15
Total 60
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PRACTICALS USBT P 501-502 3 credits 72hrs 1. Separation of components from a mixture using Affinity chromatography (Kit may be used) 2. Separation of components from a mixture using ion exchange chromatography (Kit may be used) 3. Separation of components from a mixture using Size exclusion chromatography (Kit may be used) 4. HPLC method validation. 5. MIC and MLC of any one antibiotic 6. Antibiotic sensitivity test using agar cup method 7. Antibiotic sensitivity test using paper disc method 8. Antibiotic sensitivity test using ditch method. 9. Cancer Biology: (Field visit and 2 page report in the journal) 10. Chick embryo candling and inoculation methods Demonstration experiment 11. Book review (Emperor of all Maladies)
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Course Code USBT Title Unit Topics Credit No of Lectures
503 Genomics and Molecular Biology I: Genetic engineering of plants Genetic engineering of plants; Methodology. Plant transformation with the Ti plasmid of A.tumefaciens, Ti plasmid derived vector system - 4 Lectures; Transgenic plants: Physical methods of transferring genes to plants : electroporation, microprojectile bombardment, liposome mediated, protoplast fusion- 5 Lectures; Vectors for plant cells - 4 Lectures; Improvement of seed quality protein - 2 Lectures
2.5 15 II: Transgenic Animals Transgenic mice- methodology-retroviral method, DNA microinjection, ES method - 5 Lectures; genetic manipulation with cre-loxP - 2 Lectures; Vectors for animal cells - 2 Lectures; Transgenic animals recombination system - 2 Lectures; Cloning live stock by nuclear transfer - 2 Lectures; Green Fluorescent Protein - 1 Lectures; Transgenic fish – 1 Lectures 15 III: Tools in Molecular Biology Cloning vectors-Plasmids (pUC series), Cosmids, phagemids M13, shuttle vectors, YAC vectors, expression vectors pET - 4 Lectures; Gene cloning-Isolation and purification of DNA; Isolation of gene of interest: Restriction digestion, electrophoresis, blotting, cutting, and joining DNA, methods of gene transfer in prokaryotes and eukaryotes - 3 Lectures; Recombinant selection and screening methods: genetic, immunochemical, Southern and Western analysis, nucleic acid hybridization, HART,HRT- 2 Lectures; Expression of cloned DNA molecules and maximization of expression - 2 Lectures; Cloning strategies-genomic DNA libraries, cDNA libraries, chromosome walking and jumping - 4 Lectures 15 IV: Gene sequencing and editing Maxam Gilbert’s method, Sanger’s dideoxy method, Automated DNA sequencing, Pyrosequencing - 6 Lectures; Human genome mapping and it’s implications in health and disease - 3 Lectures; RNAi, ZNF(Zinc finger nucleases), TALENS(Transcription Activator Like Effector Nucleases), CRISPER/Cas system(Clustered Regularly Interspersed Repeats) - 6 Lectures 15 Total 60
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References: 1. iGenetics A Molecular Approach 3rd Edition Peter J. Russell. 2. Molecular Biotechnology-Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology 3rd Edition Glick B.R., Pasternak J.J., Patten C.L. 3. Principles of Gene Manipulation 7th Edition Primrose S.B., Twyman R.M. 4. Biotechnology 3rd Edition S.S. Purohit. 5. Genomes 3rd Edition T.A. Brown. 6. Biotechnology B.D. Singh. 7. Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis 6th Edition T.A. Brown. 8. Genomics Cantor C.R., and Smith C.L. John Wiley & Sons. (1999)
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Course Code USBT Title Unit Topics Credit No. of Lectures
504 Marine Biotechnology I: Marine Biotechnology-Introduction & Bioprospecting Introduction to Marine Biotechnology- 1 lecture; The marine ecosystem and its functioning: intertidal, estuarine, salt marsh, mangrove, coral reef, coastal &deep sea ecosystems. Hydrothermal vents- 4 lectures; Bioprospecting, Marine Microbial Habitats and Their Biotechnologically relevant Microorganisms- 2 lectures; Methods for Microbial Bioprospecting in Marine Environments - 2 lectures; Biotechnological Potential of Marine Microbes -1 lecture; Bioactive compounds from other Marine Organisms: fungi, Microalgae, Seaweeds, Actinomycetes, sponges - 5 lectures 2.5 15 II: Marine Drugs and Enzymes Drugs from Marine organisms: Pharmaceutical compounds from marine flora and fauna - marine toxins, antiviral and antimicrobial agents - 4 lectures; Approved Marine Drugs as Pharmaceuticals - 2 lecture; Marine Natural products and its Challenges - 2 lectures; Marine Microbial Enzymes- Marine Extremozymes and Their Significance, Current Use of Marine Microbial Enzymes - 7 lectures. 15 III: Marine Functional foods and Nutraceuticals Marine Functional Foods: Marine Sources as Healthy Foods or Reservoirs of Functional Ingredients -3 lectures; Marine-Derived Ingredients with Biological Properties- 3 lectures; Functional Foods Incorporating Marine-Derived Ingredients -2 lectures; Marine Nutraceuticals : Marine Bioactives as Potential Nutraceuticals, Functional Carbohydrates, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids- 3 lectures; Carotenoids, Soluble Calcium, Fish Collagen and Gelatin, Marine Probiotics -4 lectures. 15 IV: Marine Bioresources and Marine Bioresources, Marine Secondary Metabolites, Marine Proteins, Marine Lipids- 4 lectures; Cosmetics from Marine Sources: Scenario of Marine Sources in the Cosmetic Industry, Cosmetics: Definition and Regulations, 15
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References: 1. Kim, S.K. Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology; Springer: Berlin, Germany; Heidelberg, Germany, 2015. 2. Nollet, Leo M. L- Marine microorganisms- extraction and analysis of bioactive compounds-CRC Press_Taylor& Francis (2017) 3. R. S. K. Barnes, R. N. Hughes(auth.)-An Introduction to Marine Ecology, Third Edition-Wiley-Blackwell (1999) 4. Blanca Hernández-Ledesma, Miguel Herrero-Bioactive Compounds from Marine Foods-Plant and Animal Sources-Wiley-Blackwell (2013) 5. Fabio Rindi, Anna Soler-Vila, Michael D. Guiry (auth.), Maria Hayes (eds.)-Marine Bioactive Compounds_ Sources, Characterization and Applications-Springer US (2012) 6. W. Evans-Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy 15 th ed.-Saunders (2010) Cosmetics Cosmeceuticals , Target Organs and Cosmetics Delivery Systems , Components of Cosmetics, Major Functions of Some Marine Components in Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals , Treatments Based on Marine Resources , Products Based on Marine Resources - 11 lectures. Total 60
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PRACTICALS USBT P 503-504 3 credits 72hrs 1. Transformation in E.coli. 2. Genomic DNA Extraction: Animal cells. 3. Restriction enzyme digestion and ligation (Kit may be used). 4. Phage titration: Demonstration 5. Polymerase chain reaction. Demonstration 6. Gradient plate technique 7. Bacterial gene expression (Kit may be used). 8. Study of any 5 marine bacteria and algae (Macro and micro) 9. DPPH assay for antioxidant extracted from marine algae 10. Extraction of carotenoids from marine algae/Bacteria/Fungi 11. Extraction and estimation of Gelatin / Collagen. 12. Extraction of alkaloids from marine organisms and their separation by TLC.
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Course Title Unit Topics Credits Lectures
Applied component Biosafety I: Introduction to biosafety Introduction - 1 lecture Biological Risk Assessment, Hazardous Characteristics of an Agent- 2 lectures; Genetically modified agent hazards - 1 lecture; Cell cultures - 1 lecture; Hazardous Characteristics of Laboratory Procedures - 1 lecture; Potential Hazards Associated with Work Practices – 2 lectures; Safety Equipment and Facility Safeguards - 2 lectures; Pathogenic risk and management - 2 lectures 2.0 15 II: GLP Concept of GLP- 1 lectures; Practicing GLP- 1 lecture; Guidelines to GLP - 2 lectures; Documentation of Laboratory work - 1 lectures; Preparation of SOPs - 2 lectures; Calibration records - 1 lectures; Validation of methods - 1 lectures; Documentation of results - 1 lecture; Audits & Audit reports - 1 lecture. 12 III: Detection and testing of contaminants Microbial Contamination in food and pharma product - 3 lectures; Some common microbial contaminants - 3 lectures; Microbiological Assays for pharmaceutical products - 4 lectures; Regulatory Microbiological testing in pharmaceuticals - 3 lectures. 12 IV: Biosafety in Biotechnology Concepts on biosafety in Biotechnology - 2 lectures; Regulating rDNA technology -2 lectures; Regulating food and food ingredients -3 lectures; Genetically engineered crops, livestock Bioethics -3 lectures; Contemporary issues in Bioethics - 2 lectures. 12 Total 48
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References: 1. Pharmaceutical Microbiology - Hugo, W.B, Russell, A.D 6th edition Oxford Black Scientific Publishers. 2. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories - 5th Edition, L. Casey Chosewood Deborah E. Wilson U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institutes of Health. 3. Molecular Biotechnology –Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA Glick, B.R, Pasternak, J.J Patten, C.L 3rd edition ASM press PRACTICALS Applied Component- Biosafety 2 Credits 48hours 1. Validation of micropipette, measuring cylinders, colorimeters 2. Calibration of pH meter and weighing balance 3. Vitamin B12 bioassay 4. Testing for adulterants in food; ex. Starch in milk 5. Making SOP for any 2 major laboratory instruments 6. Sterility of injectables
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Semester VI Course Code USBT Title Unit Topics Credits Lectures
601 Biochemistry I: Protein Biochemistry Protein structure: Protein Tertiary and Quaternary Structures -2 Lectures; Protein Denaturation and Folding – 3 Lectures; Protein Function: Reversible Binding of a Protein to a Ligand: Oxygen-Binding Proteins – 2 Lectures; Complementary Interactions between Proteins and Ligands: Immunoglobulins – 1 Lecture; Protein Interactions Modulated by Chemical Energy: Actin, Myosin, and Molecular Motors -3 Lectures; Protein purification – 4 Lectures.
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II: Metabolism Carbohydrate biosynthesis and its regulation: Peptidoglycan in Bacteria -2 Lectures; Starch and sucrose in Plants -4 Lectures; Glycogen in Animals - 4 Lectures; Biosynthesis and regulation of Cholesterol, Atherosclerosis – 5 Lectures. 15
III: Endocrinology Mechanism of action of group I and II hormones- 1 Lecture; Structure, storage, release, transport, biochemical functions and disorders associated with hormones secreted by Hypothalamus -1 Lecture; Anterior Pituitary gland - GH, stimulating hormones) -1 Lecture; Posterior Pituitary gland – oxcytocin and vasopressin -1 Lecture; Thyroid gland – Thyroxine, calcitonin - 2 Lectures; Parathyroid gland – PTH -1 Lecture; Adrenal medulla – epinephrine and norepinehprine -1 Lecture; Adrenal cortex – Glucocortocoids - 1 Lecture; Pancreas – insulin and glucagon - 2 Lectures; Female Gonads – estrogen and progesterone - 2 Lectures; Male gonads – testosterone- 1 Lecture; Placenta – hCG - 1 Lecture. 15
IV: Minerals and Vitamins;
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Nutrition Dietary sources, bioactive form, functions and disorders associated with fat soluble (A D E K) and water soluble vitamins- 7 Lectures; Minerals - physiological and biochemical functions of principal and trace elements. - 7 Lectures; Malnutrition – Over nutrition (obesity) and PEM (Kwashiorkor and Marasmus)- 1 Lecture. 15
Total 60 References: 1. Lehninger, principles of biochemistry, 4th edition (2005), David Nelson and Michael Cox W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. 2. Biochemistry , 4th edition (2010), Voet and Voet, John Wiley and sons, USA 3. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 27th edition, RK Murray, DK Granner, PA Mayes and VW Rodwell, McGraw Hills publication. 4. Biochemistry, 4nd edition (2017), Satyanarayana and Chakrapani, Books & Allied (P) Ltd 5. Nutrition Science, 6th edition (2017), Srilakshmi, new age international publishers.
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Course Code USBT Title Unit Topics Credit No. of Lectures
602 Industrial Microbiology I: Dairy technology Milk: Normal flora, changes in raw milk - 2 lectures; Enumeration - 1 lecture; Factors affecting bacteriological quality - 1 lecture; Dairy technology Preservation methods - 2 lectures; Pasteurization- 1 lecture; Starter Cultures - 2 lectures; Fermented products-Production process and spoilage of Cheese: Swiss and Cheddar - 2 lectures; Butter - 2 lectures; Yogurt - 1 lectures and Buttermilk - 1 lecture.
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II: Down-stream Processing (DSP) Introduction of DSP - 2 lectures; Foam separation - 1 lecture; Types of Precipitation - 1 lecture; Filtration 2 lectures, Centrifugation - 1 lecture; Chromatography in DSP - 2 lectures; Cell disruption- physical and chemical methods - 2 lectures; Solvent recovery, Membrane processes - 1 lecture; Drying - 1 lecture; Crystallization and Whole broth processing - 2 lectures. 15
III: Fermentation process Introduction to Inoculum development - 2 lectures; Bacterial and fungal inoculum development with one example each - 3 lectures, scale up, scale down - 2 lectures; Production of: Streptomycin - 1 lecture; Protease - 1 lecture; Mushroom - 1 lecture; Glutamic acid - 1 lecture; Lysine - 1 lecture, ethanol production 1 lecture Semi-synthetic Penicillin 1 lecture, Biotransformation - 1 lecture. 15 IV: QA-QC Concept of GMP- 1 Lectures; Requirements of GMP implementation - 2 Lectures; Documentation of GMP practices - 2 Lectures; Regulatory certification of GMP - 2 Lectures; Quality Control (QC): Concept of QC - 2 Lectures; Requirements for implementing QC - 15
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2 Lectures; QA concepts: Concept of QA - 2 Lectures; Requirements for implementing - 2 Lectures. Total 60 References: 1. Applied Dairy Microbiology Elmer H Marth and James L Steele Mercel Dekker Inc New York, 2nd edition 2. Microbial Technology Peppler,H.J and Perlman,D 2nd Academic Press Practicals 3. Industrial Microbiology Prescott and Dunn CBS publishers 4. Dairy technology by Yadav and Grower 5. Fermentation technology by Stanbury and Whittkar 6. Pharmaceutical Microbiology by Russel and Hugo
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PRACTICALS USBT P 601-602 3 credits 72hrs 1. Estimation of Milk protein-Pynes method 2. Microbial analysis of Milk by MBRT and RRT 3. Phosphatase test in Milk 4. DMC of milk sample 5. Isolation of Normal flora from Milk and curd 6. Determination of blood glucose levels for detection of diabetes mellitus. 7. Determination of serum cholesterol (total, HDL and LDL ratio) 8. Estimation vitamin C by DCPIP method from food samples.
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Course Code USBT Title Unit Topics Credits No of Lectures
603 Basic pharmacology and Neurochemistry I: General principles of Pharmacology Mechanism of drug action - 2 Lectures; drug receptors and biological responses - 2 Lectures; second-messenger systems, the chemistry of drug–receptor binding - 2 Lectures; dose–response relationship: therapeutic index - 3 Lectures; ED, LD, - 2 Lectures; Potency and Intrinsic Activity - 2 Lectures; Drug antagonism - 2 Lectures.
2.5 15 II: Drug Absorption and Distribution Absorption of drugs from the alimentary tract - 2 Lectures; factors affecting rate of gastrointestinal absorption - 2 Lectures; absorption of drugs from lungs - 1 Lecture; skin - 1 Lecture; absorption of drugs after parenteral administration factors influencing drug distribution - 2 Lectures; binding of drugs to plasma proteins - 2 Lectures; Physiological barriers to drug distribution - 3 Lectures. 15
III: Basic Toxicology and Regulatory Toxicology Background Definitions - 1 Lectures; Causation: degrees of certainty Classification - 1 Lectures; Causes Allergy in response to drugs Effects of prolonged administration: chronic organ toxicity - 2 Lectures; Adverse effects on reproduction - 1 Lecture; Poisons: Deliberate and accidental self-poisoning Principles of treatment Poison-specific measures General measures - 2 Lectures; Specific poisonings: cyanide, methanol, ethylene glycol, hydrocarbons, volatile solvents, heavy metals, - 3 Lectures; herbicides and pesticides, - 2 Lectures; biological substances (overdose of medicinal drugs is dealt with under individual agents) - 1 Lecture; Incapacitating agents: drugs used for torture - 1 Lecture; Nonmedical use of drugs - 1 Lecture. 15
IV: Neurochemistry Anatomy and functioning of the brain - 2 Lectures; Neuronal pathways - 2 Lectures; 15
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References: 1. Textbook of Medical Physiology Guyton, A.C and Hall 11th edition J.E Saunders 2. Modern Pharmacology with clinical Applications Craig,C.R, Stitzel,R.E 5th edition 3. Clinical Pharmacology Bennet,PN,Brown,M.J, Sharma,P 11th edition Elsevier 4. Biochemistry Metzler, D.E Elsevier Propogation of nerve impulses - 2 Lectures; Neuronal excitation and inhibition - 3 Lectures; Synapses and gap junctions - 3 Lectures; Action of Neuro toxins and neurotransmitters - 3 Lectures. Total 60
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Course Code USBT Title Unit Topics Credits No of Lectures
604 Environmental Biotechnology I: Renewable sources of energy Energy sources renewable – solar energy, wind power, geothermal energy and hydropower, biomass energy - 5 Lectures; Biogas technology- biogas plant & types, biodigester. Biogas- composition, production and factors affecting production, uses - 5 Lectures; Biofuels – ethanol production. Microbial hydrogen production Biodiesel, Petrocrops - 5 Lectures;
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II Industrial effluent treatment Biological processes for industrial effluent treatment, aerobic biological treatment- activated sludge process, CASP, advanced activated sludge processes (any two) Biological filters, RBC, FBR - 5 Lectures; Anaerobic biological treatment- contact digesters, packed bed reactors, anaerobic baffled digesters, UASB - 3 Lectures; Solid waste treatment - 2 Lectures; pollution indicators & biosensors - 2 Lectures; biodegradation of xenobiotics- persistent compounds, chemical properties influencing biodegradability, microorganisms in biodegradation - 2 Lectures; Use of immobilized enzymes or microbial cells for treatment - 1 Lecture. 15
III Wastewater treatment Wastewater treatment- introduction, biological treatment, impact of pollutants on biotreatment, use of packaged organisms and genetically engineered organisms in waste treatment - 5 Lectures; Heavy metal pollution – sources, microbial systems for heavy metal accumulation, techniques used for heavy metal removal - 5 Lectures; biosorption by bacteria, fungi and algae, factors affecting biosorption limitations of biosorption - 5 Lectures. 15 IV Hazardous waste management Biodegradation of waste from tanning industry - 2 Lectures; petroleum industry - 2 Lectures; paper & pulp industry - 2 Lectures; Dairy - 2 Lectures; Distillery - 2 Lectures; Dye - 1 Lecture; Antibiotic industry - 2 Lectures; Removal of oil spillage & grease deposits - 2 Lectures. 15 Total 60
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References: 1. Environmental Biotechnology Allan Scragg Oxford University press 2. Environmental Biotechnology (Basic concepts and applications) Indu Shekar Thakur IK International 3. Environmental Biotechnology (Industrial pollution management) S.D. Jogdand Himalaya Publishing House
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PRACTICALS USBT P 603-604 3 credits 72hrs 1. LD 50, ED 50 evaluation using suitable models e.x daphnia 2. Study the effect of heavy metals on the growth of bacteria. 3. Determination of Total Solids from an effluent sample. 4. Study of physico-chemical (pH, color, turbidity, BOD, COD) parameters of any one industrial effluent sample 5. Estimation of chromium from Effluents (Demonstration) 6. Visit to ETP/ CETP
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Course Title Unit Topics Credit No. of Lectures
Applied component Agri Biotechnology I: Precision Agriculture and Agriculture systems Introduction to Agriculture and Agriculture systems- 1 Lecture; Green house Technology-- Types of green house, importance, functions and features of green house, Design criteria and calculation -2 Lectures; Construction material, covering material and its characteristics, growing media, green house irrigation system. nutrient management -3 Lectures; Greenhouse heating, cooling and shedding and ventilation system, Computer controlled environment - 3 Lectures;, Phytotrons, fertigation and roof system -1 Lecture; Precision Cultivation- tools, sensors for information acquisition -2 Lectures. 2 12
II: Plant stress biology Abiotic stress –Physiological and molecular responses of plants to water stress, salinity stress, temperature stress – heat and cold, Photooxidative stress, stress perception and stress signaling pathways, Ionic and osmotic homeostasis, reactive oxygen species scavenging- 4 Lectures; Biotic stress - plant interaction with bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens, plant responses to pathogen– biochemical and molecular basis of host-plant resistance , toxins of fungi and bacteria , systemic and induced resistance –pathogen derived resistance, signalling - 8 Lectures. 12
III: Molecular Markers in Plant Breeding Genetic markers in plant breeding-- Classical markers, DNA markers (RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP)- 4 Lectures; Application of Molecular Markers to Plant Breeding [quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping] - 4 Lectures; Plant DNA Barcoding- Barcoding Markers (matK, rbcl, ITS, tmH-psbA), steps, recent advances, Benefits, Limitations - 4 Lectures. 12
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References: 1. M. Ajmal Ali, G. Gyulai, F. Al-Hemaid -Plant DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetics, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ( 2015) 2. P. Parvatha Reddy (auth.)-Sustainable Crop Protection under Protected Cultivation-Springer Singapore (2016) 3. S.B. Anderson (ed.), Plant Breeding from Laboratories to Fields, InTech,2013 4. Henry Leung, Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay (eds.) - Intelligent Environmental Sensing (2015, Springer International Publishing) 5. Travis R. Glare, Maria E. Moran-Diez - Microbial-Based Biopesticides_ Methods and Protocols (2016, Humana Press) 6. Altieri, Miguel A.Farrell, John G-Agroecology- The Science Of Sustainable Agriculture, Second Edition-CRC Press (2018) 7. Arie Altman, Paul Michael Hasegawa-Plant Biotechnology and Agriculture_ Prospects for the 21st Century-Academic Press (2011) IV: Biofertilizers and Biopesticides Biofertilizer: Nitrogen-fixing Rhizobacteria - Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixers -2 Lectures; Nonsymbiotic Nitrogen Fixers Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms-Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbes (PSM), Phytohormones and Cytokinins, Induced Systemic Resistance- 2 Lectures; Plant Growth Promotion by Fungi-- Mycorrhizae Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Ectomycorrhizae -2 Lectures; Microbial Inoculants -- Inocula, Carriers, and Applications, Monoculture and Co-culture Inoculant Formulations Biocontrol, Polymicrobial Inoculant Formulations-3 Lectures; Biopesticides – types, Bacillus thuringiensis, insect viruses and entomopathogenic fungi (characteristics, physiology, mechanism of action and application) -3 Lectures.
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PRACTICALS Applied component-Agri-Biotechnology USBT P 603-604 2 credits 48 hrs 1. RAPD analysis demonstration experiment 2. Isolation of Rhizobium 3. Isolation of Azotobacter 4. Isolation of Phosphate solubilising bacteria 5. Study of effect of abiotic stress on plants. 6. Rapid screening tests for abiotic stress tolerance (drought, - PEG, Mannitol &salinity NaCl) 7. Estimation of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes - Ascorbate, Catalase, and Peroxidase 8. Visit to green house facility and submission of field visit report.