S.Y.B.Sc Zoology
Draft S yllabus (2018 -2019) for Public
Criticisms and S uggestion
Suggestion to be mailed on the
Email -ID given below on or before
7th Dec 2017
1. drgbraje@rediffmail.com
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Syllabus for S.Y.B.Sc.
Course – ZOOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
Program: S.Y.B. Sc.
Course: Zoology Proposed Syllabus
(Credit Based Semester and Grading System with
effect from the academic year 2018 -2019) .
To be implemented from Academic year 2018 -19
SEMESTER – III
COURSE
CODE UNIT TOPIC CREDITS LECTURES
/WEEK
USZO301 I Fundamentals of Genetics 2 1
II Chromosomes and Heredity 1
III Nucleic acids 1
USZO302 I Study of Nutrition and Excretion 2 1
II Study Respiration and circulation 1
III Control and coordination, Locomotion and
Reproduction 1
USZO E303A I Ethology 2 1
ELECTIVE 1 II Parasitology 1
III Economic Zoolog y 1
USZOE303B 1 Aquarium maintenance 2 1
ELECTIVE 2 II Agricultural pests and their control 1
III Amazing animals 1
USZOP3 Practical based on all three courses 03 9
SEMESTER IV
COURSE
CODE UNIT TOPIC CREDITS LECTURES
/WEEK
USZO401 I Origin and evolution of Life 2 1
II Population genetics and evolution, 1
III Scientific Attitude methodology , writing and
ethics 1
USZO402 I Cell Biology, 2 1
II Endo membrane system 1
III Biomolecules 1
USZO E403A
I Comparative Embryology, 2 1
ELECTIVE 1
II Aspects of Human Reproduction, 1
III Pollution and its effect on organisms 1
USZO E403B I Dairy industry 2
ELECTIVE 2 II Sericulture
III Aquaculture
USZOP4 Practical based on all three courses 03 9
Syllabus for
S.Y.B.Sc
Course – ZOOLOGY
1. Syllabus Semester III & IV ( Theory and Practical)
2. References and Additional Reading
3. Scheme of Ex amination and Paper Pattern (Th eory and Practical )
4. Model Question bank
S.Y.B.Sc. ZOOLOGY UNIT WISE DISTRIBUTION
Semester III
Semester IV
Course 5 Course 6
Course 7
Course 7 Course 8 Course 9
Course 10
Course 10
A B A B
Unit 1
Fundamentals of
Genetics Unit 1
Study of Nutrition
& Excretion Unit 1
Ethology
Unit 1
Aquarium
maintenance Unit 1
Origin
& evolution
of life
evolution Evolution of Life
Unit 1
Cell Biology Unit 1
Comparative
Embryology
Unit 1
Dairy
industry
Unit 2
Chromosome s &
Heredity Unit 2
Study of
Respiration &
circulation Unit 2
Parasitology Unit 2
Agricult ural
pests & control Unit 2
Population
Genetics &
Evolution Unit 2
Endomembrane
System Unit 2
Aspects of
Human
Reproduction Unit 2
sericulture
Unit 3
Nucleic Acids Unit 3
Control and
Coordination
Locomotion
& Reproduction Unit 3
Economic
zoology
Economic Zoology Unit 3
Amazing
animals Unit 3
Scientific
Attitude,
Methodology,
Writing & Ethics Unit 3
Biomolecules
Unit 3
Pollution
&
Effects on
Animals Unit 3
Aquaculture
Practical
(USZO P3)
Practical
(USZO P3)
Practical
(USZO P3)
Practical
(USZO P3)
Practical
(USZO P4)
Practical
(USZO P4)
Practical
(USZO P4)
Practical
(USZO P4)
S.Y.B.Sc. SYLLABUS DRAFT
SEMESTER III
Sr. USZO301 COURSE -5 No. of lect Learning
No allotted pleasure
Fundamentals of Genetics, Chromosomes and Heredity, Nucleic acids
Unit 1: Fundamentals of Genetics 15L 25hrs
Objectives:
To introduce basic terms of genetics.
To study Mendelian principles of inheritance and other forms and
pattern of inheritance
Desired outcomes:
Learner shall comprehend and apply the principles of inheritance to
study heredity.
Learner will understand the concept of multiple alleles, linkage and
crossing over.
1.1 Introduction to Genetics
Definition, Sc ope and Importance of genetics.
Classical and Modern concept of Gene (Cistron, Muton, Recon).
Brief explanation of the foll owing terms: Allele, Wild type and
Mutant alleles, Locus, Dominant and Recessive traits, Homozygous
and Heterozygous, Genotype and Phenotype, Genome. 02L 02hrs
1.2 Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics: Monohybrid cross, Dihybrid cross, Test cross,
Back cross, Mendel’s laws of Inheritance, Mendelian traits in man.
Exceptions to Mendelian inheritance: Incomplete dominance, Co -
dominance, Lethal alleles, Epistasis - Recessive, Double re cessive ,
Dominant and Double dominant.
Chromo some theory of inheritance.
Pedigree Analysis -Autosomal dominant and Autosomal recessive, X -
linked dominant, and X -linked recessive. 08L 12hrs
1.3 Multiple Alleles and Multiple Genes
Concept of Multiple alleles, Coat colour in rabbit, ABO and Rh blood
group systems
Polygenic inheritance with reference to skin colour and eye colour in
man.
Concept of P leiotropy. 03L 06hrs
1.4 Linkage and Crossing Over
Linkage and crossing over, Types of crossing over, Cytological basis
of crossing over.
02L 05hrs
Unit: 2: Chromosomes and Heredity 15L 26hrs
Objectives:
To familiarize the learners with the structure, types and classification
of chromosomes.
To introduce the concept of sex determination and its types, sex
influenced and sex limited genes.
Desired outcomes:
Learner will comprehend the structure of chromosomes and its types .
Learner shall understand the mechanisms of sex determination.
Learner would be able to correlate the disorders linked to a particular
sex chromosome.
2.1 Chromosomes
Types of chromosomes –Autosomes and Sex chromosomes
Chromosome structure - Heterochromatin, Euchromatin
Classification based on the position of centromere
Endomitosis, Giant chromosomes - Polytene and Lamp brush
chromosomes and S ignificance of B albiani rings 04L 08hrs
2.2 Sex- determination
Chromosomal Me chanisms: XX -XO, XX -XY, ZZ -ZW
Sex determination in H oney bees - Haplodiploidy
Sex determination in Droso phila -Genic balance theory, Intersex,
Gynandromorphs
Parthenogenesis
Hormonal influence on s ex determination -Freemartin and S ex reversal.
Role of environmental factors - Bonel ia and Crocodile
Barr bodies and Lyon hypothesis 07L 10hrs
2.3 Sex linked, sex influenced and sex limited inheritance.
X-Linked: Colour -blindness, Haemophilia
Y-linked: Hypertrichosis
Sex-influenced genes
Sex limited genes 04L 08hrs
Unit: 3 Nucleic acids 15L 30hrs
Objectives:
To introduce the learner to the classical experiments provin g DNA as
the genetic material.
To make the learner understand the structure of nucleic acids and the
concept of centr al dogma of molecular biology.
To familiarize the learner with the concept of g ene expression and
regulation.
Desired outcomes:
Learner will understand the importance of nucleic acids as genetic
material.
The learner shall comprehend and appreciate the regulation of gene
expressions.
3.1 Genetic material
Griffith’s transformation experiments, Avery -Macleod and McCarty,
Hershey Chase experim ent of Bacteriophage infection
Chemical composition a nd structure of nucleic acids
Double helix nature of DNA, Solenoid model of DNA
Types of DNA – A, B, Z & H forms
DNA in Prokary otes -chromosomal and plasm id
Extra nuclear DNA -mitochondria and chloroplast
RNA as a genet ic material in viruses
Types o f RNA: Structure and function 07L 14hrs
3.2 Flow of genetic information in a Eukaryotic cell
DNA Replication
Transcription of mRNA
Translation
Genetic code 05L 08hrs
3.3 Gene Expressions and regulation
One gene -one enzyme hypothesis /one polypeptide hypothesis
Concept of O peron
Lac O peron 03L 08hrs
SEMESTER III
Practical USZOP3 (Course V)
1 Extraction and detection of DNA
2 Extraction and detection of RNA.
3 Mounting of Barr bodies.
4 Study of polytene chromosome.
5 Study of mitosis - temporary squash preparation of Onion root tip
6 Detection of blood groups and Rh factor.
7 Problems in G enetics
a. Monohybrid/ Dihybrid cross b. X - linked inheritance c. Multiple alleles
8 Chromosome morphology: Metaphase spreadsheet (photograph to be
provided)
9 Pedigree analysis
10 Problems on molecular biology
Sr.
No USZO302 COURSE -6 No. of
lect
allotted Learning
pleasure
Study of Nutrition and Excretion , Respiration and circulation, Control
and coordination, Locomotion and Reproduction
Unit: 1 Study of Nutrition and Excretion 15L 23hrs
Objectives:
To introduce the concepts of physiology of nutrition, excretion and
osmoregulation.
To expose the learners to various nutritional apparatus, excretory¬ and
osmoregulatory structures in different classes of organisms.
Desired outcomes:
Learner would understand the increasing complexity of¬ nutritional,
excretory and osmoregulatory physiology in evolutionary hierarchy.
Learner would be able to correlate the habit and habitat with¬ nutritional,
excretory and osmoregulatory structures. Comparative study of Nutritional
Apparatus (structure and function)
1.1 Amoeba, Hydra, Cockroach, Amphioxus, Pigeon, Ruminants. 5L 06hrs
Physiology of digestion in man 05L 06hrs
1.2 Physiology of digestion in man 02L 04hrs
1.3 Comparative study of Excretory and Osmoregulatory structures and
function.
a) Amoeba -contractile vacuoles
b) Planaria -Flame cells
c) Cockroach -Malphigian tubules and green gland
05L 08hrs
1.4 Categorization of animals based on principle nitrogenous excretory products 01L 01hrs
1.5 Structure of kidney, Uriniferous tubule and physiology of urine formation in
man 02L 04 hr
Unit: 2: Study of Respiration and Circulation 15L 27hrs
Objectives:
To introduce the concepts of physiology of respiration and¬ circulation
To expose the learner to various respiratory and circulatory¬ structures in
different classes of organisms
Desired outcomes:
Learner would understand the increasing complexity of respiratory¬ and
circulatory physiology in evolutionary hierarchy.
Learner would be able to correlate the habit and habitat with¬ respiratory
and circulatory structures. Comparativ e study of Respiratory organs
(structure and function) .
2.1 Earthworm, Spider, Rohu/Anabus/Clarius, Frog and Pigeon. 3L 06hrs
Accessory respiratory structures: Anabas /Clarius 03L 06hrs
2.2 Structure of lungs and physiology of respiration in man 02L 03hrs
2.3 Comparative study of circulation: Open and closed - single and double 02L 04hrs
2.4 Types of circulating fluids - Water, coelomic fluid, haemolymph,¬ lymph
and blood 02L 03hrs
2.5 Comparative study of Hearts (Structure and function)¬ Earthworm,
Cockroach, Shark, Frog, Crocodile and Pigeon 04L 07hrs
2.6 Structure and mechanism of working of heart in man 02 04hrs
Unit: 3 Control and coordination, Locomotion and Reproduction 15L 25hrs
Objectives:
To introduce the concepts of physiology of control and coordination¬ and
locomotion and reproduction
To expose the learner to various locomotory and reproductive¬ structures
in different classes of organisms
Desired outcomes:
Learner would understand the process of control and coordination¬ by
nervous and endocrine regulation.
Learner would be fascinated by various locomotory structures¬ found in
the animal kingdom.
Learner would be acquainted with various reproductive stra tegies¬ present
in animals .
3.1 Control and coordination
Irritability -Paramoecium, Nerve net in Hydra, Nerve ring and¬ nerve
cord in earthworm
Types of neurons on the basis of structure and function¬
Conduction of nerve impulse: Resting potential, action potential and¬
refractory period
Synaptic transmission 05L 08hrs
3.2 Movement and Locomotion
Locomotory organs - structure and functions;
a. Pseudopodia in Amoeba (sol gel theory), Cilia in Paramecium
b. Wings and legs in Cockroach
c. Tube feet in Starfish
d. Fins of fish
04L 08hrs
3.3 Structure of Striated muscle fibre in human and Sliding filament theory 02L 02hrs
Reproduction
a. Asexual Reproduction - Fission, fragmentation, gemmule formation,
budding
b. Sexual reproduction
i. Gametogenesis
ii. Structure of male and female gametes in human
iii. Types of fertilization
iv. Oviparity, viviparity, ovo -viviparity 04L 07hrs
SEMESTER III
Practical USZOP3 (Course VI)
1 Urine analysis —Normal and abnormal constituents
USZO E1303 COURSE -7A
Ethology , Parasitology, Economic Zoology 15L 26hrs
Unit: 1 Ethology
Objective:
To equip learners with a sound knowledge of how animals
interact with one another and their environment.
To enable the learners to understand different behavioural
patterns.
Desired Outcome:
Learners would gain an insight into different types of animal
behaviour and their role in biological adaptations.
Learners would be sensitized to the feelings instrumental in
social behavior.
1.1 Introduction to Ethology
Definition, History and S cope of Ethology
Animal behaviour - Innate and L earned behaviour
Types of learning -Habituation, I mprinting and types of
imprinting -filial and sexual, Classical conditioning
Instrumental learning and insight learning. 4L 06hrs 2 Detection of ammonia in water excreted by fish
3 Detection of uric acid from excreta of Birds
4 Study of striated and non -striated muscle fibre
5 Study of nutritional Apparatus (Amoeba, Hydra, Earthworm, Pigeon, Ruminant
stomach)
6 Study of respiratory structures:
a. Gills of Bony fish and Cartilaginous fish.
b. Lungs of Frog
c. Lungs of Mammal.
d. Accessory respiratory structure in Anabas (Labyrinthine organ )
e. Air sacs of Pigeon.
7 Study of locomotory organs (Amoeba, Unio, Cockroach, Starfish, Fish, and
Birds)
8 Study of hearts (Cockroach, Shark, Frog, Calotes, Crocodile, Mammal)
9 Study of permanent slides on topic of Reproduction a. Sponge gemmules b.
Hydra budding c. T.S. of mammalian testis d. T.S. of mammalian ovary
1.2 Aspects of animal behaviour
Communication in Bees and Ants
Mimicry and colouration
Role of hormones and pheromones in sexual behaviour
Displacement activities, Ritualization
Migration in fish, schooling behaviour
Habitat selection, territorial behaviour, food selection and
foraging behaviour in African ungulates 7L 12hrs
1.3 Social behaviour
Social behaviour in primates -Hanuman langur
Elements of Socio -biology: Selfishness, cooperation,
altruism, kinship and inclusive fitness 4L 08hrs
Unit: 2 Parasitology 15L 27hrs
Objective:
To acquaint learners with the concepts of parasitism, their
relationship with environment.
To make learners aware about the modes of transmission of
parasites .
Desired Outcome:
Learners would understand the general epidemiological
aspects of parasites that affect humans and apply simple
preventive measures for the same.
Learners would comprehend the life cycle of specific
parasites, the symptoms of the disease and its treatment.
2.1 Introduction to P arasitology and types of parasites
Definitions: parasitism, host, parasite, vector -biological and
mechanical
Types of parasites - Ectoparasites, Endoparasite and their
subtypes
Parasitic adaptations in Ectoparasites and Endoparasites
Types of hosts: intermediate and definitive, reservoir 3L 06hrs
2.2 Host -parasite relationship -Host specificity
Definition, structural specificity, physiological specificity
and ecological specificity. 2L 06hrs
2.3 Life cycle , pathogenicity, control measures and treatment
Entamoeba histolytica, Fasciola hepatica, Taenia solium,
Wuchereria bancrofti 4L 06hrs
2.4 Morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity, control measures and
treatment
Head louse( Pediculushumanus capitis ), Mite
(Sarcoptesscabei) , Bed bug ( Cimexlectularis) 2L 06hrs
2.5 Parasitological significance
Zoonosis - Bird flu, Anthrax, Rabies and Toxoplasmosis 4L 03hrs
Unit 3 Economic Zoology 15L 24hrs
Objective :
To disseminate information on economic aspects of zoology
like apiculture, vermiculture, dairy science.
To encourage young learners for selfemployment.
Desired Outcome:
Learners wouldgain knowledge on animals useful to
mankind and the means to make the most of it.
Learners would learn the modern techniques in animal
husbandry.
Learners would be pursuing entrepreneurship as careers
3.1 APICULTURE 6L 08hrs
3.1.1 Methods of bee keeping and management
An introduction to different species of honey bees used in
apiculture.
Selection of flora and bees for apiculture.
Advantages and disadvantages of traditional and modern
methods of apiculture.
Pests and Bee enemies - Wax moth, wasp, black ants, bee -
eaters , king crow and disease control
3.1.2 Economic importance
Honey - Production, Chemical composition and economic
importance
Bees wax - Economic importance.
Role of honey bees in pollination.
3.2 VERMICULTURE 4L 08hrs
3.2.1 Rearing methods, management and economic importance
An introduction to different species of earthworms used in
vermiculture.
Methods of vermiculture.
Maintenance and harvesting
Economic importance: advantages of vermiculture, demands
for worms; market for vermin -compost and
entrepreneurship.
3.3 DAIRY SCIENCE 5L 08hrs
3.3.1 Dairy development in India
Role of dairy development in rural economy, employment
opportunities 1L
3.3.2 Dairy Processing
Filtration, cooling, chilling, clarification, pasteurization,
freezing
3.3.3 Milk and milk products
Composition of milk
Types of milk:
A. Buffalo milk and
B. Cow milk (a1 and a2)
Whole milk and toned milk
Milk products
SEMESTER III
Practical USZO E1P3 (Course VII A)
1 Extraction of Casein from Milk and its qualitative estimation
2 Preparation of paneer from given milk sample
3 Measurement of density of milk using different samples by Lactometer
4 Study of Honey Bee :
a) Life Cycle of Honey Bee and Bee Hive
b) Mouthparts of Honey Bee
c) Legs of Honey Bee
d) Sting Apparatus of Honey Bee
5 Study of ethological aspects:
a) Warning Colouration
b) Instincts
c) Imprinting
d) Communication in animals: Chemical signals and sound signals
e) Displacement activities in animals: Courtship and mating behavior in animals and
ritualization
6 Study of Protozoan parasites:
a. Trypanosoma gambiense
b. Giardia intestinanalis
7 Study of Helminth parasites:
a) Ancylostomaduodenale
b) Dracunculusmedenensis
8 Parasitic adaptations: Scolex and mature proglottid of Tapeworm
9 Study of Ectoparasites:
a. Leech
b. Tick
c. Mite
10 Project - Suggested topics on economic zoology (eg Apiculture, sericulture/ lac
culture / vermicompost Technique / Construction of artificial beehives /Animal
husbandry/ aquaculture etc)
USZO E2303 COURSE -7B
Aquarium maintenance,Agricultural pests and their
control,Amazing animals 15L 26hrs
Objective:
To develop the skill of aquarium maintenance and budget
allocation for setting up an aquarium fish farm.
To study the biology of aquarium fishes, food, feeding and
transportation of fishes.
Desired Outcome:
Learner will develop the skill of aquarium maintenance
and become familiar with the budgeting aspects for setting
aquarium fish farm.
Learner will derive knowledge about the biology of
aquarium fishes as also food, feeding and transportation of
fishes.
Unit 1 Aquarium maintenance
1.1 Introduction and scope 2L 04hrs
1.2 Exotic and Endemic species 2L 06hrs
1.3 Biology of Aquarium Fishes - 2L 08hrs
1.3.1 Guppy
Molly
Gold fish
1.3.2 Common characters and sexual dimorphism Marine fishes -
Anemone fish
Butterfly fish 2L 6L
1.3.3
. Common characters and sexual dimorphism Marine fishes –
Anemone fish
Butterfly fish 2L 4L
1.4 Food and feeding -
Live fish feed
Formulated fish feed 2L 4L
1.5 Fish transportation –
i)Transport ii) handling iii) packing 3L 5L
1.6 General Aquarium maintenance - budget for setting up an
aquarium Fish Farm. 2L 4L
Unit: 2 Agricultural pests and their control 15L 27hrs
Objective:
To study different types of pests.
To comprehend various aspects of agricultural pests and
their economic implications.
To learn about the differing pest control practices and
plant protection appliances.
Desired Outcome:
Learner will gain information on the different types of
pests and comprehend various aspects of agricultural
pests and its economic implications.
Learner shall derive knowledge of pest control practices
and appliances used for plant protection against pests.
2.1 Introduction and concept of Pest
2L 06hrs
2.1.1
. Types of pests
Agricultural
Household
Stored grains
Structural
Veterinary 3L 06hrs
Forestry
2.2 Major insect pests of agricultural importance
(Life cycle, nature of damage and control measures).
a) Jowar stem borer
b) Brinjal fruit borer
c) Aphids
d) Mango stem borer
e) Pulse beetle
f) Rice weevil. 3L 06hrs
2.3 Non insect pests:
Rats and Bandicoots, Crabs, Snails, Slugs, Birds and Squirrels. 2L 06hrs
2.4 Pest control practices:
i) Cultural control ii) Physical control iii) Mechanical control
iv) Chemical control v) Biological control, vi) concept of IPM.
3L 03hrs
2.5 Plant protection appliances:
Rotary duster, knapsack sprayer and cynogas pump, hazards of
pesticides and antidotes.
2L 03hrs
Unit 3 Amazing animals 15L 24hrs
Objective :
To comprehend the concept of life timeline, and the
natural history of some amazing animals.
To kindle interest and yearning to study amazing
animals.
Desired Outcome:
Learner shall understand the concept of life time -line.
Learner will gain knowledge of and develop various
skills while studying amazing animals.
3.1 Natural History
a) Introduction and life timeline
b) Butterflies the flying jewels - Blue Mormon, Striped
tiger
c) Herpetofauna of India - Flying frog, Fan Throated
lizard and Gharial
d) Feathered Bipeds: Kingfisher, Drongo
e) Mammals of India: Malabar giant squirrel 4L 08hrs
3.2 The world’s most amazing animals
a) Octopus
b) Spider
c) Mudskipper
d) Flying fish
e) Pebble toad
f) Strawberry poison frog
g) Komodo dragon
h) Lesser flamingo
i) Great white pelican
j) Spatule -tailed hummingbird
k) Cheetah 5L 10hrs
3.3 Five most incredible animals discovered within the last decade
a) The purple (Joker) Crab,
b) The African dwarf sawshark (Stabbing Shark),
c) The Psychedelic (Crime Fighting) Gecko,
d) The Matilda Viper
e) The Michael Jackson Monkey 3L 5hrs
3.4 Marvels of Animals
a) Mantis shrimp: Fastest punch
b) Homing in Pacific Salmon
c) Sperm whale: Mechanism of deep sea diving. 3L 08hrs
Practical USZO E2P3 (Course VII B)
1 Aquarium maintenance –equipments required to set up –Types of filter, type of gravel,
air pump, type of bulb, net, verities of aquarium plants, verities of fishes.
2 Types of pests –Agricultural -Aphids,Household -cockroaches,ants,structural -termites ,
stored grains -grain borer, Veterinary - fleas, Forestry - caterpillar.
3 Non insect pests - a) Invertebrates -nematodes , mites, snails, slugs. b) Vertebrates - rats,
birds
4 Types of pest control –a) Physical b) Biological c) Electronic d) Insecticides,
Rodenticides and Special Treatments
5 Amazing animals - a) Spider b) Pebble toad c) Komodo dragon d) Flamingo
6 Most incredible animals in last decades – a) Joker crab b) Michel Jackson monkey
c)Matilda viper
7 Most endangered animals of India – a) One horned rhino b) Asiatic Lion c) Bengal
tiger d) Snow leopard
8 A project of aquarium setting in lab.
9 A field visit to study the natural flora and fauna.
Note -The practicals may be conducted by using specimens authorised by the wildlife and such
other regulating authorities though it is strongly recommended that the same should be taught by
using photographs/audio -visual aids/ simulations / models, etc. as recommended by the UGC and
asenvisaged in the regulations of the relevant monitoring bodies. No new specimens, however,
shall beprocured for the purpose of conducting practicals mentioned here -in-above.
#There shall be at least one excursion/field trip.
S.Y.B.Sc. SYLLABUS DRAFT
SEMESTER IV
Sr.
No USZO401 COURSE -8 No. of lect
allotted Learning
pleasure
Origin and Evolution of Life, Popul ation and Evolutionary Genetics ,
Scientific Attitude , Methodology, Scientific Writing and E thics in
Scientific Research.
Unit 1: Origin and Evolution of Life 15L 30hrs
Objectives:
To impart sci entific knowledge about how life originated and
evolved on our planet.
Desired outcomes:
Learner will gain insight about origin of life.
Learner will ponder and critically view the different theories of
evolution.
1.1 Introduction
Origin of U niverse
Chemical evolution - Miller -Urey experim ent, Haldane and Oparin
theory
Origin of L ife
Origin of E ukaryotic cell 05L 10hrs
1.2 Evidences in fav our of O rganic evolution
Evidences from: Geographical distribution, Palaeontology , Anatomy,
Embr yology, Physiology and Genetics 04L 08hrs
1.3 Theories of organic evolution
Theory of Lamarck
Theory of Darwin and Neo Darwinism
Mutation Theory
Modern Synthetic theory
Weismann’s G ermplasm theory
Neutral theory of M olecular evolution 06L 12hrs
Unit: 2: Population Genetics and E volution 15L 28hrs
Objectives:
To develop knowledge and understanding of genetic variability within
a population and how the change in the gene poo l leads to evolution of
species
Desired outcomes:
Learner would understand the forces that cause evolutionary changes
in natural populations
Learner would comprehend the mechanisms of speciation
Learner will be able to distinguish between microevolution,
macroevolution a nd megaevolution
2.1 Introduction to P opulation genetics
Definition 01L 03hrs
Brief explanation of the following terms:
Population , Gene pool, Allele frequency, G enotype frequency,
Phenotype frequency, M icroevolution
2.2 Population genetics 06L 10hrs
Hardy - Weinberg Law
Factors that disru pt Hardy Weinberg equilibrium : Mutation, Migration
(Gene flow), Non -random mating (Inbreeding, inbreeding depression,
Assortative mating -Positiv e and Negative, Dis -
assortative mating), Genetic drift (Sampling error, F ixation, Bottleneck
effect and Founder effect)
Natural Selection
Patterns of Natural Selection
Stabilizing selection
Directional s election (Examples: Peppered moth, Antibiotic resistance
in bacteria, Pesticide resistance)
Disruptive selection
2.3 Evolutionary genetics
Genetic variation: Genetic basis of Variation -Mutations and
Recombination (crossing over during meiosis, independent assortment
of chromosomes during meiosis and random union o f gametes during
fertilization)
Nature of genetic variations: Genetic polymorphism, Balanced
polymorphism, Mechanisms that preserve balanced Polymorphism -
Heterozygote advantage and frequency dependent selection,
Neutral variations
Geographic variation (Cline) 08L 15hrs
Species Concept: Biological species concept and evolutionary species
concept
Speciation and Isolating mechanisms :Definition and Modes of
speciation (Allopatric, Sympatric, Parapatric and Peripatric )
Geographical isolation
Reproductive isolation and its isolating mechanisms
(Prezygotic and Postzygotic)
Macroevolution and Megaevolution: Concept and Patterns of
macroevolution (Stasis, Preadaptation /Exaptation, Mass extinctions,
Adaptive radiation and Coevolution), Megaevolution
Unit: 3 Scientific Attitude M ethodology, Scientific Writing and E thics
in Scientific Research 15L 32hrs
Objectives:
To inculcate scientif ic temperament in the learner
Desired outcomes:
The learner shall develop qualities such as critical thinking and
analysis
The learner will imbibe the skills of scientific communication and
he/she will understand the ethical aspects of research
3.1 Process of science:
A dynamic approach to investigation - The Scientific method
,Deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning, Critical thinking,
Role of chance in scientific discovery
Scientific Research : Definition, D ifference between method an d
methodology , Characteristics, T ypes
Steps in the Scientific Method :Identification of research problem,
Formulation of research hypothesis, Testing the hypothesis using 04L 10hrs
experiments or surveys, Preparing research/study design including
methodology and execution (Appropriate controls, sample size,
technically sound, free fro m bias, repeat experiments for
consistency), Documentation of data, Data analysis and
interpretation, Results and Conclusions
Dissemination of data :Reporting results to scientific community
(Publication in peer - reviewed journals, thesis, dissertation,
reports, oral presentation, poster presentation)
Application of knowledge : Basic research, Applied research,
Translational research, Patent
3.2 Scientific writing :
Structure and components of a research paper :(Preparation of
manuscript for publication of res earch paper - Title, Authors and
their affiliations, Abstract, Keywords and Abbreviations,
Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion,
Conclusions, Acknowledgement, Bibliography; Figures, Tables
and their legends 04L 10hrs
3.3 Writing a review paper
Structure and components of research report: Report writing,
Types of report
Computer application :Plotting of graphs, Statistical analysis of
data. Internet and its application in Research -Literature survey,
Online submission of manuscript for publication 03L 05hrs
3.4 Ethics
Ethics in animal research :The ethical and sensitive care and use of
animals in research, teaching and testing, Approval from
Instit utional animal ethics Committee
Ethics in clinical research :Approval from Clinical Research Ethics
Committee Informed consent
Approval from concerned/ appropriate authorities: National
Biodiversity Authority , State Biodiversity Board , Forest
Department
Conflict of interest 03L 05hrs
3.5 Plagiarism 01L 02hrs
SEMESTER IV
Practical USZOP4 (Course VIII)
1 Study of population density by Line transect method & Quadrant method
and calculate different diversity indices.
A. Index of Dominance
B. Index of frequency
C. Rarity Index
D. Shannon Index
E. Index of species diversity
2 Study of Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) by Cr ystal violet staining technique
3 Study of Eukaryotic cells (WBCs) from blood smear by Leishman’s stain
4 Identification and study of fossils
a. Arthropods: Trilobite
b. Mollusca: Ammonite
c. Aves: Archaeopteryx
5 Identification of
a) Allopatric sp eciation (Cyprinodont species)
b) Sympatric speciation (Hawthorn fly and A pple maggot fly)
c) Parapatric speciation (Snail)
6 Bibliography/ Abstract writing
7 Preparation of Power Point Presentation
Sr.
No USZO401 COURSE -8 No. of lect
allotted Learning
pleasure
Sr.No.
USZO402 Course IX No.of lects
allotted Learning
pleasure
Unit 1: Cell Biology 15L 24hrs
Objectives:
To study the structural and functional organization of cell with
an emphasis on nucleus, plasma membrane and cytoskeleton.
Desired outcomes:
Learner would acquire insight of transport mechanisms for the
maintenance and composition of cell
1.1 Introduction to cell biology
Definition and scope
Cell theory
Generalized prokaryotic , eukaryotic cell: size, shape and structure 02L 04hrs
1.2 Nucleus
Size, shape, number and position
Structure and functions of interphase nucleus
Ultrastructure of nuclear membrane and pore complex
Nucleolus: general organization, chemical composition & functions
Nuclear sap/ nuclear matrix¬
Nucleocytoplasmic interactions 05L 06hrs
1.3 Plasma membrane
a. Fluid Mosaic Model
b. Junctional complexes
c. Membrane receptors
d. Modifications: Microvilli and Desmosomes 04L 08hrs
1.4 Transport across membrane
a. Diffusion and Osmosis
b. Transport: Passive and Active
c. Endocytosis and Exocytosis 02L 04hrs
1.5 Cytoskeletal structures Microtub ules: Composition and functions
Microfilaments: Composition and functions
Unit: 2: Endomembrane System 15L 28hrs
Objectives:
To acquaint the learner with ultrastructure of cell organelles and
their functions
Desired outcomes:
Learner would appreciat e the intricacy of endomembrane system.
Learner would understand th e interlinking of endomembrane system
for functioning of cell
2.1 Endoplasmic reticulum : General mor phology of endomembrane
system
Morphology and Types of ER
Biogenesis of ER
Functions of RER and SER 01L 03hrs
2.2 Golgi compl ex: Morphology of Golgi complex, Cytochemistry .
Functions of Golgi complex 06L 10hrs
• Protein Glycosylation,
• Lipid and Polysaccharide Metabolism
• Protein Sorting and Secretion
• Golgi anti -apoptotic protein (GAAP)
2.3 Lysosomes : Origin, occurrence and polymorphism
Functions of lyso somes:
Peroxisomes : Origin, morphology & functions 08L 15hrs
2.4 Mitochondria : Morphology and chemical composition of
mitochondria, Bioenergetics,
• Chemical energy & ATP
• Glycolysis
• Krebs cycle
• Respiratory chain and Oxidative phosphorylation
Unit: 3 Biomolecules
15L 30hrs
Objectives:
To give learner insight into the structure of biomolecules,¬ and their
role in sustenance of life
Desired outcomes:
The learner will realize the importance of biomolecules and¬ their
clinical significance
3.1 Biomolecules : Concept of Micromolecules and Macromolecules 02L 05hrs
3.2 Carbohydrates : Definition Classification, Properties and Isomerism,¬
Glycosidic bond Structure of¬
a. Monosaccharides - Glucose and Fructose
b. Oligo -saccharides - Lactose and Sucrose
c. Polysaccharides - Cellulose, Starch, Glycogen and Chitin Biological
role and thei r Clinical significance
04L 08hrs
3.3 Amino Acids and Proteins : Basic structure of amino acid ,
classification of amino acids , Essential and Non -essential amino
acids, Peptide bond , Protein conformation: Primary, Secondary,
Tertiary, Quaternary
Types of proteins – Structural ( Collagen) and functional proteins
(Hemoglobin)
role and their Clinical significance 05L 08hrs
3.4 Lipids : Definition, classification of lipi ds with examples, Ester linkage
Physical an d Chemical properties of lipids,
Saturated and Unsaturated fatt y acids , Essential fatty acids
Triacylglycerols, Phospholip ids (Lecithin and Cephalin) and Steroids
(Cholesterol).
Biological role and their Clinical significance 04L 05hrs
3.5 Vitamins : Water soluble vitamins(e.g. Vit C, Vit B12)
Lipid solub le vitamins (e.g. Vit A, Vit D)
Biological role and their Clinical significance 02L 04hrs
SEMESTER IV
Practical USZOP4 (Course VIII)
1 Study of permeability of cell through plasma membrane (Osmosis in
blood cells)
2 Measurement of cell diameter by occulometer (by using permanent
slide)
3 Qualitative tests for carbohydrates (Molisch’s test, Benedicts test,
Barfoed’s test, Anthrone test)
4 Qualitative tests for protein (Ninhydrin test, Biuret test, Millon’s test,
Xanthoproteic test)
5 Qualitative test for lipids (Solubility test, Sudan III test)
6 Study of rancidity of lipids by titrimetric method
7 Ultra structure of cell organelles (Electron micrographs) a. Nucleus b.
Endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth and Rough) c. Mitochondria. d. Golgi
apparatus e. Lysosomes
8. Study of clinical disorders due to carbohydrates, proteins and lipid
imbalance (Photograph to be provided / significance to given and
disorder to be identified) a. Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemia. b.
Thalassemia, Kwashiorkar c. Obesity, Atherosclerosis
USZO E1403 COURSE -10A
Comparative Embryology, Aspects of Human
Reproduction, Pollution and its effect on organisms
UNIT 1: Comparative Embryology 15L 25hrs
Objective:
To acquaint the learner with key concepts of embryology.
Desired Outcome s:
Learner will be able to understand and compare the different
pre- embryonic stages
Learner will be able to appreciate the functional aspects of
extra embryonic membranes andclassify the different types of
placentae.
1.1 Types of Eggs- Based on amount and distribution of yolk 2L 4hrs
1.2 Structure and Types of Sperms 2L 4hr
1.3 Types of C leavages. - Holoblastic and Meroblastic 2L 4hrs
1.4 Types 1L 4hrs
1.5 Gastrulation 2L 4hrs
1.6 Coelom -Formation and types 4L 6hrs
UNIT 2: Aspects of Human Reproduction 15L 30 hrs
Objective s:
To acquaint the learners with different aspects of human
reproduction.
To make them aware of the causes of infertility, techniques
to overcome infertility and the concept of birthcontrol
Desired Outcome:
Learners will able to understand human reproductive
physiology
Learners will become familiar with advances in ART and
related ethical issues.
2.1 Human Reproductive system and Hormonal regulation
Anatomy of human male and female reproductive system
Hormonalregulationof Reproduction and Impact of age on
reproduction -Menopause and Andropause 2L 4hrs
2.2 Contraception & birth control
Difference between contraception and birth control
Natural Methods: Abstinence , Rhythm method,
Temperature method, cervical mucus or Billings method,
Coitus interruptus, Lactation amenorrhea
Artificial methods : Barrier methods, Hormonal methods,
Intrauterine contraceptives, Sterilization, Termination ,
Abortion 2L 4hrs
2.3 Infertility
Female infertility
Causes - Failure to ovulate; production of infertile eggs ;
damage to oviducts (oviduct scarring and PID or Pelvic
inflammatory disease, TB of oviduct), Uterus (T. B. of
uterus and cervix)
Infertility associated disorders ( Endometriosis, Polycystic
Ovarian syndrome (PCOS), POF (Primary ovarian failure)
STDs (Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphilis and Genital Herpes);
Antibodies to sperm; Genetic causes -Recurrent abortions;
Role of endocrine disrupto rs 4L 8hrs
Male infertility
Causes : Testicular failure, infections of epididymis, seminal
vesicles or prostate, hypogonadism, cryptorchidism , cong enital
abnormalities,Varicocele , Blockage, Azoospermia,
Oligospermia, abnormal sperms, autoimmunity, ejaculatory
disorders andIdiopathic infertility.
3.7 Pollution – Climate Change and Global Warming 2L 2hrs
2.5 Treatment of Infertilit y
Removal /reduction of causative environmental factors
Surgical treatment
Hormonal treatment - Fertility drugs
Assisted Reproductive Technology
In vitro fertilization, Embryo transfer (ET), Intra -fallopian
transfer (IFT), Intrauterine transfer (IUT), Gamete intra -
fallopian transfer (GIFT), intra -zygote transfer (ZIFT),
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with ejaculated
sperm and sperm retrieved from testicular biop sies –
Testicular sperm extraction (TESE), Pronuclear stage
transfer (PROST).
Sperm banks, cryopreservation of gametes and embryos
Surrogacy 7L 8hrs
UNIT3: Pollution and its effect on organisms 15L 27hrs
Objective :
To provide a panoramic view of impact of human activities
leading to pollution and its implications.
Desired Outcome:
The learners will be sensitized about the adverse effects of
pollution and measures to control it.
3.1 Air Pollution
Types and sources of air pollutants
Effects and control measures 3L 6hrs
3.2 Water Pollution
Types and sources of water pollutants
Effects and control measures 3L 6hrs
3.3 Soil Pollution
Types and sources of soil pollutants
Effects and control measures 3L 4hrs
3.4 Noise pollution
Different sources of sound pollution
Effects and control measures 1L 3hrs
3.5 Pollution by radioactive substances 1L 2hrs
3.6 Pollution by solid wastes
Types and sources,
Effects and control 2L 4hrs 3.7
Practical USZO E1P4 (Course X A)
1 Estimation of Dissolved oxygen from the given water sample .
2 Estimation of Salinity by refractometer from the given water sample.
3 Estimation of conductivity by conductometer from the given water sample .
4 Determination of blood pressure by spyghmomanometer.
5 Detection of Creatinine in urine.
6 Determination of blood sugar by GOD and POD method
7 Study of bleeding time and clotting time.
8 Study of the following permanent slides, museum specimens and materials.
a. Mammalian sperm and ovum.
b. Egg types –Fish eggs, Frog eggs , Hen's egg.
c. Cleavage , blastula and gastrula (Amphioxus, Frog and Bird).
9 Study of commercially important fishery (Catla, Rohu, Catfish, Mackerel, Pomfret,
Bombay duck, Prawn/ Shrimp, Crab, Lobster, Edible oyster)
10 Review writing based on programmes telecast by Doordarshan, Discovery channel,
Gyandarshan, UGC programmes, Animal planet
11 Study of natural ecosystem and field report of the visit
USZO E2403 COURSE -10B
Dairy Industry,sericulture,Aquaculture
UNIT 1: Dairy Industry 15L 25hrs
Objective:
To comprehend the functioning of various aspects of dairy
industry.
To study different indigenous and exotic cattle breeds and
buffalo breeds in India.
To develop an understanding of the different systems of
breeding and various aspects dealing with housing of
dairy animals.
Desired Outcome s:
Learner shall gain knowledge on the functioning of
various aspects of dairy industry,indigenous, exotic cattle
and buffalo breeds in India.
Learner shall study different systems of breeding and gain
information regarding various aspects pertaining to
housing of dairy animals.
1.1 Definition
Indian Cattle breeds
Malvi
Hariyana
Deoni
Red sindhi
Khillari 2L 8hrs
1.2 Exotic breeds
Jersy
Holstein 2L 4hr
1.3 Indian buffalo breeds
Nagpuri
Bhadawari
Murrah
Jafrabadi 2L 4hrs
1.4 Systems of inbreeding and crossbreeding 1L 4hrs
1.6 Cleaning and sanitation 2L 6hrs
1.7 Weaning of calf,castration and dehorning 2L 4hrs
1.8 Diseases and control 2L 4hrs
UNIT 2: Sericulture 15L 30 hrs
Objective s:
To comprehend the functioning of sericulture industry and
its scope in India.
To study the varieties of silk-worms and host plants.
To critically study the life history and rearing of
Bombyxmori, harvesting, processing of cocoon, production
of silk and diseases afflicting silk -worms.
Desired Outcome:
Learner shall understand the basics of the functioning of
sericulture industry and its scope in India.
Learner shall gain knowledge on the varieties of silk -
worms, host -plants and aspects on silk extraction and the
diseases afflicting silk -worms.
2.1 Introduction and its scope 2L 4hrs
2.2 Verities of silk worm, host plants 2L 4hrs
2.3 Life history and rearing of Bombyxmori 2L 8hrs
2.4 Harvesting and processing of cocoon 2L 4hrs
2.5 Reeling and extraction of silk 3L 4hrs
2.6 Diseases and control measures 3L 4hrs
UNIT3: Aquaculture 15L 27hrs
Objective :
To comprehend various kinds of aquaculture practices and
its scope as fishery resource in India.
To study various techniques em ployed in aquaculture
practices
Desired Outcome:
Learner shall understand the aquaculture practices and
the scope of fishery in India.
Learner will gain knowledge of various techniques
employed in aquaculture practices.
3.1 Pisiculture
a) Definition and scope of fishery resources in India
b) Finfish culture
Monoculture
Polyculture
c) Role of exotic fishes in polyculture
d) Cage culture
e) Induced breeding
f) Fish seed transport, fish diseases, their symptoms and
control 5L 6hrs
3.2 Prawn/shrimp culture
a) Giant fresh water prawn ( Macrobrachiumrosenbergii )
b) white shrimp( Penaeusvannamei )
c) Sources, seed, culture methods 5L 6hrs
3.3 Pearl culture
a) Pearl producing species and their distribution
b) Pearl culture methods 5L 4hrs
Practical USZO E2P4 (Course X B)
1 Comparison of protein content from cow’s milk and buffalo’s milk.
2 Comparison of fat content from cow’s milk and buffalo’s milk.
3 Preparation of falooda
4 Preparation of caramel custard.
5 Restraining devices used in cattle farming - Halters, gags, bull -rings, muzzeles, cradle,
crush, ropes
6 Life cycle of Bombyx morri
7 Crustacean fishery – common characters and sexua l dimorphism in Lobster ,prawn,
shrimp ,crab
8 Visit to dairy farm /aquaculture and submit report of the same.
Note -The practicals may be conducted by using specimens authorised by the wildlife and such
other regulating authorities though it is strongly recommended that the same should be taught
byusing photographs/audio -visual aids/ simulations / models, etc. as recommended by the UGC
and asenvisaged in the regulations of the relevant monitoring bodies. No new specimens, however,
shall beprocured for the purpose of conducting practicals mentioned here -in-above.
#There shall be at least one excursion/field trip.
N.B :
I) It is pertinent to note that we have to adhere strictly to the directions as given in the UGC Circular
F14-4/2006 (CPP -II).
II)Apart from the institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) and any other Committee appointed by
a Competent Authority/Body from time to time, every college should constitut e the following
Committees :
1) A Committee for the Purpose of Care and Supervision of Experimental
Animals (CPCSEA) and
2) A Dissection Monitoring Committee (DMC)
Composition of DMC shall be as follows :
c) Composition of pearl
i) Head of the Concerned Department (Convener/Chai rperson)
ii) Two Senior Faculty Members of the concerned Department
iii) One Faculty of related department from the same College
One or two members of related department from neighboring colleges.
USE OF ANIMALS FOR ANY EXPERIMENT/DISSECTIONS/MOUNTING
IS BANNED. SIMULATIONS, AUTHORISED PERMANENT
SPECIMENS/SLIDES,CHARTS, MODELS AND OTHER INNOVATIVE
METHODS ARE ENCOURAGED .
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION (THEORY)
(a) Externa l assessment of one hundred (100) marks per course per semester should be conducted as per
the following skeleton question paper pattern.
(c) One practical examination of fifty (50) marks per course each should be conducted at the end of
every semester.
SKELETON - EXAMINATION PATTERN FOR THE ABOVE SYLLABUS
All Questions are compulsory
Figures to the right indicate full marks
Time: 3 hours Total marks: 100
Q1 Objective* 20 marks
Q.2. UNIT 1
Answer any four out of eight (5 marks each) 20 marks
Q.3. UNIT 2
a. Answer any one of the two (10 marks)
b. Answer any two out of the four (5 marks each) 20 marks
Q.4. UNIT 3
Answer any two out of four (10 marks each) 20 marks
Q.5. a. Unit 1 - (One note of five marks OR objective type questions)
b. Unit 2 - (One note of five marks OR objective type questions)
c. Unit 3 - (One note of five marks OR objective type questions) 20 marks
Note:
1) *For Question No. 01 it is recommended to have objective questions on all units, such as –
(a) Match the column (b) MCQ
(c) Give one word for (d) True and False
(e) Define the term (f) Answer in one sentence etc
2) Under Question No. 05 there should be one note of five marks with internal or of five objective
questions each of 01 mark. This pattern is applicable to all three sub -questions.
Semester –III
REFERENCE BOOKS AND ADDITIONAL READING
COURSE -V (USZO301)
1. Principles of Genetics. Gardner, E.J., Simmons, M.J and Snustad, D.P. John Wiley and Sons
2. Concepts of Genetics. Klug, W.S., Cummings M.R., S pencer, C.A. Benjamin Cummings
3. Genetics - A Molecular Approach. Russell, P. J Benjamin Cummings
4. Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes. Daniel L., Hartl, Elizabeth W. Jones Jones& Bartlett
Publishers
5. Introduction to Genetic Analysis. Griffiths, A.J.F., Wessler. S.R., Lewontin, R.C. and Carroll, S .B. W.
H. Freeman and Co
6. Cell Biology Genetics, Molecular Biology Evolution and Ecology Verma P.S. and Agrawal P.K.,
9thedition, S . Chand Publication, New Delhi
7. Principles of Genetics – Eight edition - Eldon john Gardner, Michael J. Simmons, D. P eter Snustad
8. Genetics - Weaver, Hedrick, third edition, McGraw Hill Education
9. Genetics A Mendelian approach Peter J.Russel, Pearson Benjamin Cummings
10. Genetics A conceptual approach, Benjamin A. Pierce, Southwestern University, W.H. Freeman and
company, New York
11. Genetics, Third Edition, Monroe W. Strickberger
12. Genetics from gene to genome, third edition, LeelandH.Hartwell, Leeroy Hood, Michael 7. L.
Gold berg, Ann E. Reynolds, Lee M. Silver, McGraw Hill Education
COURSE -VI (USZO302)
1. Vertebrate Zoology Volume I - Jordan and Verma , S. Chand and Co.
2. Invertebrate Zoology Volume II - Jordan and Verma , S. Chand and Co.
3. Invertebrate Zoology - Majupur ia T. C., Nagin S.and Co.
4. Chordate Zoology - Dhami P. S. and Dhami J. K. , R. Chand and Co.
5. Invertebrate Zoology - Dhami P. S. and Dhami J. K., R. Chand and Co.
6. Introduction to Vertebrates - Moore Cambridge University - Low Priced Edition.
7. Zool ogy- Miller S. A. and Harley J. B., Tata McGraw Hill.
8. Modern Textbook of Zoology, Invertebrates, Kotpal R. L
9. Biological Science, Taylor D.J., Stout G.W., Green N.P.O, Soper R.,Cambridg University Press.
COURSE -VII (USZOE1303A)
1. Animal Behaviour - David Mc Farland
2. Animal Behaviour - Mohan Arora
3. Animal Behaviour - Reena Mathur
4. An introduction to Animal Behaviour - Dawkins
5. Animal Behaviour -Agarwal
6. Animal Behaviour - Tinbergen
7. Biology of Insects - 1992 SaxenaS. C. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co New Delhi. Bombay. Calcutta
8. A Text Book of Entomology - 1974 Mathur V. K. and Upadhayay K Goel Printing press, Barani.
9. Bee and Bee Keeping - Roger A. Morse, Conell University Press London
10. Vermiculture Technology - Clive A. Edwards, Norman Q. Arancon and Rhonda Sherman
11. Parasitology - ChatterjeeK.D., Chatterjee Medical Publishers.
12. Medical Parasitology - Arora
13. Textbook of Medical Parasitology -.C.K JayaramPaniker, Jaypee Brothers.
14. A text book of Parasitology - KochharS.K. Dominant Pub. & Dis, New Delhi.
15. Essentials of Parasitology - Gerald and Schmidt: Universal Bookstall, New Delhi.
16. Parasitology - Sharma P.N.andRatnuL.N., Chand S &Co.Pvt.Ltd.
17. Introduction to Parasitology - Chandler and Read John Wiley & Sons
18.Economic Zo ology - Biostatistics and Animal behaviour – S.Mathur, Rastogi Publicatons.
19. Economic Zoology - Shukla G.S. & Upadhyay V.B., Rastogi Publications.
20. A handbook on Economic Zoology, S.Chand& Co.
COURSE -VII (USZOE2303B )
1. A General textbook of entomology -- A D Imms. Asia Publication.
2. Agricultural insect pests and their control. V.B. Awasthi. Scientific Publication.
3. A manual of practical entomology. – M MTrigunayat. Scientific Publication.
4. Applied Entomology – AlakaPrakash and Fennemore. New Age Publishers.
5. Applied Entomology – Awasthi. Scientific Publication.
6. A Text book of insect morphology, physiology and endocrinology – Tembhare D. B. – Chand
Publication
7. Entomology and Pest Management –Larry P. Pedigo. Pearson Education.
8. Forensic Entomology -The utility of Arthropods in legal investigations. –Jason H. Byrd and James
L. Castner. CRC Press.
9. General and applied Entomology – David and Ananthakrishnan. Tata McGraw Hill
10. Insect endocrinology and physiology – Tembhare D B – S Chand publication.
11. Insect J ewelry by Roger D. Akre., Laurel D. Hansen, and Richards S. Zack: in Summer (1991).
(Online available as research article).
12. Insect Year Book of Agriculture - American Agriculture Department Publication.
13. .
14. Economic Zoology - Shukla G.S. & Upadhyay V.B., Rasto gi Publications.
15. A handbook on Economic Zoology, S. Chand & Co.
16. Candler, W., & Kumar, N. (1998). India: The dairy revolution: The impact of dairy development in
India and the World Bank's contribution. World Bank Publications.
17. Park, Y. W., & Haenlein, G. F . (Eds.). (2013). Milk and dairy products in human nutrition:
production, composition and health. John Wiley & Sons.
18. Venkatasubramanian, V., Singh, A. K., & Rao, S. V. N. (2003). Dairy development in India: An
appraisal of challenges and achievements. Conc ept Publishing Company.
19. Shrivastava, J. S. M. (2008). Dairy Development In The New Millennium (The Second White
Revolution). Deep and Deep Publications.
20. http://listverse.com/2012/12/03/10 -amazing -animal -abilities/
21. www.toptenz.net/top -10-amazing -animals -discovered -within -the-last-decade.php
22. dailynewsdig.com/top -10-amazing -animal -hybrids.
23. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/16044142395584735/
24. www.naturalhistorymag.com/
25. https://naturalhistory.si.edu/.
MODEL QUESTION BANK SEMESTER III
USZO301(COURSE V)
Question bank is suggestive. The paper setters are free to modify the questions or
include new questions to the best of their perception
Unit :1 (10 Marks)
1. Define genetics and explain its scope and importance.
2. Explain Mendel’s laws of inheritance
3. Describe in detail the monohybrid cross and state the Mendelian principle of inheritance derived
from it. Add a note on Co -dominance
4. Describe in detail dihybrid cross and state the Mendelian principles of inheritance derived from it
5. Discuss in brief inheritance of Mendelian phenotypic traits in humans.
6. Describe incomplete dom inance with a suitable example
7. Describe Co -dominance with a suitable example
8. What is epistasis? Give a detailed accou nt of double dominant epistasis
9. What is epistasis? Give a detailed account of recessive epistasis
10. What is epistasis? Give a detailed account of dominant epistasis
11. What is epistasis? Give a detailed accoun t of double recessive epistasis
12. Explain the pattern of inheritance of recessive and dominant leth al alleles
13. Explain the inheritance of multiple alleles with the help of a suitable example
14. Describe polygenic inheritance with reference to skin colour and eye colour in man
15. Compare pleiot ropy and polygenic inheritance
16. Explain the phenomenon of linkage with respect t o Morgan’s Experiment. Add a note on the
differences between complete and incomplete linkage
17. Describe the pattern of inheritance of b lood group and Rh factor in man
18. Explain the cytological basis and molecular mechanis ms of crossing over
19. Explain pedigree an alysis of X -linked recessive traits
Unit :1 (5 Marks)
1. Describ e the classical concept of gene
2. Explain the modern concept of gene
3. Differentiate between (Any two):
(a) Genotype and phenotype of an organism
(b) Dominant and recessive traits
(c) Gene and genome
(d) Homozygous and heterozygous
(e) Monohybrid and D ihybrid cross
(f) Incomplete Dominance and C o-dominance
(g) Multiple alleles and P olygenes
(h) Test cross and B ackcross
4. Explain how probability is used to predict the results of genetic crosses
5. Write a note on the ch romosome theory of inheritance
6. Describe co -dominance with a suitable example
7. Give an account of the symbols used in human Pedigree analysis
8. Characteristics of autosomal dominant traits
9. Characteristics of X -linked re cessive traits
10. Characteristics of autosomal recessive traits
11. Characteristics of X -linked dominant traits
12. Intermediate lethal alleles
13. Phenylketonuria
14. Albinism
15. Explain the inheri tance of skin colour in humans
16. Write a note on pleiotropy.
Unit: 2 (10 Marks).
1. Explain the stru cture of eukaryotic Chromosome
2. Classify chromosomes on the b asis of position of centromere
3.Explain any two mechanisms of chromoso mal basis of sex determination
4. Explain the inherita nce of colour blindness in man
5. Explain sex determination in man/ Honey bee/ Birds / Drosophila
Unit: 2 (05 Marks)
1. Describe the terms e uchromatin and heterochromatin
2. Write a note on polytene chromosomes
3. Write a note on Lampbrush chromosomes
4. Write a note on salivary gland chromosome of Drosophila
5. Write a note on Balbiani rings
6. Explain endomitosis
7. Write a note on Gyanandromorphs
8. Explain the role of environment on sex determination
9. Explain the role of hormones in sex determination
10. Explain hypertrichosis
11. Differentiate between sex l inked a nd sex influenced genes
12. Differentiate be tween human X and Y chromosome
13. Differentiate between autosomes and sex c hromosomes
14. Write a note on Lyons hypothesis
15. What are Barr bodies? Give a scientific reason that Barr bodies are present only in women and not
in men
16. Give a scientific reason that Y chromosome is a sex determining chromosome in man
17. Explain part henogenesis
18. Give scientific reason that the X linked genes affect males more than females in human beings
19. What is centromere? Explain its role during cell di vision
Unit: 3 (10 marks)
1. Describe Grif fith transformation experiment
2. Explain Avery , Macleod, McCarty’s experiment
3. Give an account of Hershey Chase experim ent of bacteriophage infection
4. Write a note on types of DNA
5. Explain RNA as a genetic material
6. Describe the process of DNA replication
7. Write in detail the process of trans cription
8. Discuss the process of translation
9. What is gene expression? Describe the regul ation of genes with Lac operon
10.
Unit 3: Write short notes on – (5 Marks)
1. Chemical composit ion of nucleic acid
2. A and B DNA
3. Plasmid
4. Function of mRNA
5. Function of tRNA
6. Genetic code
7. One gene one enzyme hypothesis
8. Concept of operon
9. ZDNA
10. H DNA
11. Chromosomal DNA in prokaryotes
12. Mitochondrial DNA
13. DNA in chloroplast
USZO302 (COURSE VI)
Question bank is suggestive. The paper setters are free to modify the questions or include new questions to
the best of their perception
Unit 1: (10 Marks)
1. Explain in detail the digestive system of earthworm.
2. Explain in detail the digestive system of cockroach.
3. Describe the digestive system in bivalve.
4. Describe the digestive system of pigeon.
5. With the help of a labeled diagram describe the structure and functions of ruminant stomach.
6. Explain the physiology of digestion in cockroach.
7. Give an account of the enzymes involved in the process of digestion in cockroach.
8. With the help of a labeled diagram describe the structure of mammalian kidney.
9. Give a detailed account of process of urine formation in man.
10. With the help o f a labeled diagram describe the structure of septal nephridium of earthworm.
Unit 1: (05 Marks)
1. Write a note on nutrition apparatus in amoeba.
2. Describe briefly gastro -vascular cavity in hydra.
3. Write a note on Wheel organ of Amphioxus.
4. Write a note on ruminant stomach.
5. Write short note on digestion of proteins with respect to man.
6. Write short note on digestion of carbohydrates with respect to man
7. Write short note on digestion lipids with respect to man
8. Write short note contractile vacuoles as excretory and osmoregulatory structures in protozoa.
9. Write a note on flame cells.
10. Write a note on nephridia as excretory organs in earthworm.
11. Describe briefly excretory and osmoregulatory structures in arthropods.
12. Write a note on structure of kidney in fish.
13. Write a note on structure of amphibian kidney.
14. Write a note on structure of kidney in bird.
15. Write a note on structure of mammalian kidney.
16. Write a note on Ammonotelic organisms.
17. Write a note on Ureotelic organisms.
18. Write a note on Uricotelic organisms.
19. Write a note on ultrafiltration.
Unit 2: (10 Marks)
1. Describe briefly air sacs in pigeon.
2. Describe briefly the process of internal respiration with respect to man
3. Desc ribe briefly the process of external respiration with respect to man
4. Give a brief account of types of circulating fluids present in animals.
5. Describe briefly mechanism of working of heart.
6. Describe briefly two chambered heart in shark.
7. Desc ribe briefly structure of heart of frog.
8. Describe briefly heart of crocodile.
9. Give a brief account of heart of man.
Unit 2: (5 Marks)
1. Write short note on cutaneous respiration.
2. Write a note on Spiracle in cockroach.
3. Write a note on book lungs in spider.
4. Explain the structure of gills of bony fish
5. Explain the structure of gills of cartilaginous fish.
6. Describe briefly lungs as respiratory organs in frog.
7. Describe briefly lungs as respiratory organs in man.
8. Explain briefly accessory respiratory structure in Anabas .
9. Write short note on open circulation.
10. Write short note on closed circulation.
11. Write a note on heart of cockroach
12. Write a note on heart of earthworm.
Unit 3:(10 Marks)
1. Describe different types of neurons on the basis of structure and function.
2. Explain conduction of nerve impulse.
3. Briefly describe synaptic transmission.
4. Describe briefly hormones as chemical messenger.
5. Explain briefly feedback mechanism of hormone regulation.
6. Explain sol -gel theory of amoeboid movement.
7. Describe ciliary movement in Paramecium .
8. Give an account on types of wings in insects.
9. Explain types of fins in Pisces.
10. Describe sliding filament theory.
11. Describe briefly asexual reproduction in animals.
12. Describe the structure and function of tube feet.
13. Describe spermatogenesis.
14. Describe oogenesis.
15. Describe briefly the structure of mammalian gametes.
16. Give an account on types of fertilization.
Unit 3: (5 Marks)
1. Write a note on irritability in Paramecium .
2. Write a note on resting potential of nerve membrane.
3. Write a note on action potential of nerve membrane.
4. Describe different types of neurons on the basis of stru cture.
5. Describe briefly different types of neurons on the basis of functions.
6. Describe the structure of synapse.
7. Write a note on striated muscle fibre.
8. Describe the structure of cilia.
9. Give an account on types of legs in insects.
10. W rite a note on ovo -vivipariry.
11. Write a note on viviparity.
12. Write a note on oviparity.
13. Describe the structure of mammalian egg.
14. Describe the structure of mammalian sperm.
15. Describe the formation of gemmule in sponges.
16. Write a no te on budding as asexual reproduction in mammals
USZO E1303 (COURSE VI IA)
Question bank is suggestive. The paper setters are free to modify the questions or include new
questions to the best of their perception
Unit 1: (5 Marks)
1. How do honey bees communicate for foraging?
2. What is classical conditioning? Explain with an example.
3. What is imprinting? Explain different types of imprinting.
4. What do you mean by learning? Describe any two types of learning.
5. Describe the various ways in which ants communicate.
6. What is the significance of mimicry and warning coloration?
7. What is mimicry? Explain different types of mimicry with examples.
8. What is displacement activity? In what situations do displacement activities occur?
Explain with examples.
9. Write notes on:
i. Migration in Fish
ii. Territorial behavior
iii. Schooling behavior in fish
iv. Altruism and kinship
10. Which are the different types of social groups seen in non human primates?
11. Comment on any two aspects of non human primate social behavior.
Unit 2: (10 Marks)
1. Give an account of the life history and pathogencity of the parasite causing amoebic dysentery.
2. Describe in detail part of life cycle of P.vivax in mosquito.
3. Give an accou nt of asexual cycle of P.vivax in man.
4. Describe the life history of Taeniasolium .
5. Give an account of parasitic adaptive features of Taeniasolium .
6. Give an account of the life history of Fasciola hepatica.
7. Give an account of the life history of filarial worm and discuss its pathogenic effects.
8. Describe the life history of bedbug and suggest some control measures.
9. Give an account of the life history of Sarcoptesscabiei.
10. Give an account of the life history of head l ouse Pediculus.
11. What is bird flu? How is it spread and what are its symptoms?
12. How would you control the transmission of anthrax among humans?
13. How is anthrax transmitted to man?
Unit 2: (5 Marks)
1. Describe the structure of E. histolytica.
2. Where is E. histoly tica found and what disease does it cause?
3. Write a short note on pathogenecity of E. histolytica .
4. Briefly describe the life cycle of E. histolytica .
5. What are the symptoms of malaria? Write its control measures.
6. Give an account of symptoms and p athogenecity of Plasmodium vivax.
7. Illustrate the complete life history of T. solium with the help of diagram only.
8. What is the effect of Fasciola on the hosts?
9. What are the primary and secondary hosts of Wuchereriabancrofti ? Which stage of Wuchere ria
is infective for man?
10. What is host specificity?
11. What are the signs and symptoms of bird flu?
12. How is rabies transmitted?
13. What are the preventive measures to be taken to prevent infection of rabies virus?
14. What is toxoplasmosis and what are its causes?
15. Write notes on:
i. Parasitic adaptations in endoparasites
ii. Cysticercus or bladder worm.
iii. Pathogenecity of Wuchereria
iv. Control measures of bedbug.
v. Types of hosts
Unit 3: (10 Marks)
1. What does the mod ern method of apiculture include? Explain in brief.
2. How is an artificial bee hive constructed?
3. How do you select the flora and bee species for apiculture?
4. What are the benefits of vermiculture?
5. Describe any two methods of vermiculture.
6. How i s raw milk processed?
7. What are the comm on adulterants of milk in India
Unit 3: (5 Marks)
1. State the economic importance of honey and beeswax.
2. What are the disadvantages of the indigenous method of apiculture?
3. How does the wax moth cause damage to the honey comb?
4. Name any two bee enemies and explain how they harm the bees.
5. Give an account of the commonly found species of honey bee in India.
6. What are the advantages of the modern method of apiculture?
7. Which type of flora is beneficial for apiculture?
8. Which type of bee is suitable for apiculture?
9. What is the chemical composition of honey?
10. What is the suitable material for culturing earthworms?
11. What are the advantages of processing dairy products?
12. What is skimmed milk and toned milk? How are they prepared?
13. How is recombined milk prepared?
USZOE2303 (COURSE VIIB)
Unit 1 10 mark each
1. Give a brief account on exotic species used in aquarium.
2. Give a brief account on endemic species used in aquarium .
3. Give sexual dimorphism in fresh water fishes along with examples.
4. Give sexual dimorphism in marine water fishes along with examples.
5. Give a brief account on food and feeding used in aquarium.
6. Give a brief account on fish transportation in aquarium.
Unit 2 (10 mark each )
1. Explain agricultural pests along with suitable example.
2. Explain household pests along with suitable example.
3. Explain stored grains pests along with suitable example.
4. Explain structural pests along with suitable example.
5. Explain veterinary pests along with suitable example.
6. Explain forestry pests along with suitable example.
Unit 3. (10 mark questions) :
1. Give a brief account on Blue mormon butterfly and Striped Tiger butterfly
2. Describe the behavior of Octopus and spider as most dedicated mothers in the world.
3. Describe marvelous characters of fan throated lizard and flying frog .
4. Describe marvelous characters of Mantis shrimp .
5. Give a brief account on Malabar giant squirrel
6. Describe marvelous characters of the Purple (Joker) crab and lesser flamingo .
7. Describe marvelous characters of the Stabbing Shark and Crime Fighting gecko.
8. Describe marvelous characters of the Gharial and the Matilda Viper
9. Describe marvelous characters of the MichealJackjon Monkey and micro chameleon.
Unit 1 : 5 Mark questions:
Write short note on : -
1. Budget for setting up an aquarium
2. Fish packing
3. Formulated fish feed
4. Gold fish
5. Molly
6. Guppy.
Unit 2: (5 Mark questions ):
Write short note on : -
1. Jowar stem borer
2. Brinjal fruit borer
3. Aphids
4. Mango stem borer
5. Pulse beetle
6. Rice weevil.
7. Non insect pests
8. Cultural control
9. Physical control
10. Mechanical control
11. Chemical control
12. Biological control,
13. concept of IPM.
Unit 3: (5 Mark questions ):
Write short note on the amazing characters in following amazing animals.
1. Blue mormon butterfly
2. Striped Tiger butterfly
3. Mudskipper,
4. Komodo dragon,
5. Pebble toad,
6. Lesser flamingo,
7. Great white pelican,
8. Drongo
9. Malabar giant squirel
10. Cheetah,
11. Octopus
Unit 3 : (5 Marks)
1. Write notes on:
i. Defensive behavior in Octopus
ii. Territorial behavior in tiger
PRACTICAL
USZOP3 (Course V)
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question 15 marks
Q1. Extraction and detection of DNA
OR
Q1. Extraction and detection of RNA
Minor Question 07 marks
Q2. Mounting of Barr bodies
OR
Q2. Study of mitosis -Temporary squash preparation of Onion root tip
OR
Q2. Detection of blood groups and Rh factor
Q3. Problems on Genetics and Molecular biology
(Transcription /Genetic code) (01 problem each) 10 marks
Q4. Identification 08 marks
A. Chromosome morphology
B. Pedigree analysis
Q5. Viva and Journal 10 marks
PRACTICAL
USZOP3 (Course VI)
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question 15 marks
Q1. Urine analysis —Normal and abnormal constituents
Minor Question 10 marks
Q2. Detection of ammonia in water excreted by fish
OR
Q2. Detection of uric acid from excreta of Birds
Q3. Identification 15 marks
a. Nutritional apparatus
b. Respiratory structures
c. Locomotory organs
d. Study of hearts
e. Permanent slides on reproduction
Q4. Viva 05 marks
Q5. Journal 05 marks
PRACTICAL
USZO E1P3 (Course VII A)
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question 12 marks
Q1. Extraction of Casein from Milk and its qualitative estim ation
OR
Q1. Preparation of paneer from the given milk sample.
OR
Q1. Measurement of density of milk using different samples by lactometer
Minor Question 08 marks
Q2. Life Cycle of Honey Bee and Bee Hive
OR
Q2. Mouthparts of Honey Bee
OR
Q2. Legs of Honey Bee
OR
Q2. Sting Apparatus of Honey Bee
Q3. Identifiy and describe as per instructions 15 marks
a. Ethology
b. Protozoan parasites
c. Helminth parasites
d. Ectoparasites
e. Parasitic adaptations
Q4. Project submission and Viva based on project 10 marks
Q5. Journal 05 marks
PRACTICAL
USZOE2P3 (Course VIIB)
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question 15 marks
Q1. Identification ( 5 Mark each)
a) Aquarium equipment.
b) Type of pest (Any insect)
c) Non insect pest
Q.2 Identification ( 3 Mark each) 15 marks
a) Type of pest control
b) Type of pest control
c) Amazing animal
d) Incredible animal
e) Endangered animal
Q.3 Submission of photographs of any 5 amazing animals. 05 marks
Q4. Project submission and Viva based on project 10 marks
Q5. Journal 05 marks
Semester IV
Reference and additional reading
COURSE -VIII (USZO401)
1. Theory of Evolution - Smith, Cam bridge Press, and Low price Ed
2. Evolution - Strickberger, CBS publication
3. Evolution - P.S.Verma and Agarwal
4. Introduction to Evolution by Moody
5. Biology. E. P. Solomon, L. R. Berg, D. W. Martin, Thompson Brooks/Cole
6. Biology -The Unity and Diversity of Life . C. Starr, R. Taggart, C. Evers, L.Starr, Brooks/Cole
Cengage learning International Edition
7. Research Methodology, Methods and Techniques - by C.R. Kothari, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
Mumbai
8. Practical research planning and design 2ndedition - Paul D Leedy, MacmilanPublication
9. COURSE -IX (USZO402)
10. 1. Cell Biology. Singh and Tomar, Rastogi Publication.
11. 2. Cell and Molecular Biology E.D.P De Robertis and E .M.R Robertis ,CBS Publishers and
Distributors.
12. 3. The cell A molecular Approach Goeffrey M.Coper ASM Press Washington D.C.
13. 4. A textbook of cytology Suruchi Tyagi Dominant Publishers and Distributors New Delhi.
14. 5. Cell and molecular biology Gupta P.K , Rastogi Publication, India.
15. 6. Cell Biology Pawar C.B. Himalaya publication
16. 7. Molecular Biology of the cell (6th ed) by the Insertus
17. 8. Campbell Biology (9th Ed.)
18. 9. Principles of Biochemistry, 2005, 2nd and 3rd edn. Lehninger A.L. Nelson D.L. and Co x M.M ,
19. 10. Biochemistry, Dushyant Kumar Shrma, 2010, Narosa Publishing house PVT.Ltd.
20. 11. Fundamentals of Biochemistry, Dr AC Deb, 1983, New Central Book Agency Ltd.
21. 12. A Textbook of Biochemistry, 9th edition, Dr. Rama Rao A.V.S.S and Dr A Suryalakshm i.
22. 13. Biochemistry -G Zubay , Addison Wesley, 1983
23. 14. Biochemistry, L Stryer, 3rd/4th/5th ed, 1989 , Freeman and Co. NY
24. 15. Harper’s Biochemistry,1996, 26th edition, Murray R.K. Granner D.K. Mayes P.A. Rodwell V.M.
Hall international USA
25. 16. Outline o f Biochemistry, 1976, E.E. Conn and P.K. Stumpf. John Wiley and Sons USA
COURSE -X(USZO E1403A)
1. Developmental Biology - 5th Edition, Scot F.Gilbert, Sinauer Associates Inc.
2. Developmental Biology - SubramoniamT.,Narosa Publishers.
3. Developmental Biology -BerrilN.J., Tata Mc Graw –Hill Publication.
4. Essential Reproduction -Martin H. Johnson, Wiley -Blackwell Publication .
5. Chick Embryology - Bradley M. Pattern.
6. Embryology -Mohan P. Arora.
7. Chordate Embryology -Dalela,Verma and Tyagi
8. Human Anatomy and Physiology. E . L. Marieb, Pearson Education Low Price Edition
9. Biological Science. Taylor, Green and Stout. Cambridge Publication
10. Biology. E. P. Solomon, L. R. Berg, D. W. Martin, Thompson Brooks/Cole
11. Human Biology -Daniel D Chiras Jones and Bartlett
12. The Physiology of R eproduction Vol I & II - E.K .Nobil and JU. D.Neil, Raven Press,
New York.
12. Air Pollution,KudesiaV.P. Pragati P rakasan,Meerut
13. Fundamentals of Air PollutionDaniel A.Vallero,Academic press 5th Edition
14.Principles and Practices of Air Poll ution Con trol and Analysis J.R. MudakaniI K
International Pub. House Pvt. Ltd.
15.Text Book of Air Pollution and its Control,S.C.Bhatia Atlantic
16.Water Pollution,KudesiaV.P.,Pragati Prakasan,Meerut
17. A text book of Environmental Chemistry and Pollution Control,S.S.Dogra,Swastic
Pub,New Delhi
18.Practical Methods for water and Air Pollution Monitoring,S.K.Bhargava,New Age
International
19. Hand Book of Water and waste water Analysis,Kanwaljit Kaur,Atlantic
20. Aquatic Pollution by Edward A.Laws
21. Environmental Science and Technology,StanelyE.Manahan
22. Environmental Chemistry,A.K.De, New Age International
23. A Text Book of Environmental Studies,GurdeepR.Chatwal,Harish Sharma,Madhu
Arora,Himalaya
COURSE -X (USZO E2403B)
References of Elective 2
1.Principles of Dairy Chemistry R. Jenness, S. Patton John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2.Fundamentals of dairy chemistry B.H. Webb, A.H. Johnson, J.A. Alford Avi Pub. Co.
3. Food Chemistry Owen R. Fennema CRC Press
4. Food Chemistry John M. De Man Springer
5.Technology of Dairy Products Early, Ralph. Academic & Professional, 1998
6.Quality of milk production and processing technology D.K. Thompkinson and latha sabikhi
New India Publishing agency, New delhi
7. Outlines of Dairy Technology Sukumar De Oxford Uni versityPress, New delhi
8. Food Microbiology William C. Frazier, dennis C. Westoff Tata Mcgrew Hill publishing Company
Ltd. New Delhi
9. Applied Dairy Microbiology Elmer H. Marth, James L. Steele CRC Press
12.Dairy plant engineering and management Tufail A hmed Kitab Mahal
13. Heat and mass transfer R.K Rajput S.Chand
14. Fluid mechanics A.K Upadhyay S.K Kataria
15.Latest Aquaculture, Principles and Practices by Pillay T.V.R. – Fishing New Books (1988).
16.Course Manual in Fishing Technology by LathaShenoy, CIFE, Versova, Mumbai.
17.Prawn and Prawn Fisheries by Kurian and Sebestian
Freshwater aquaculture R.k. rathy Scientific publication
2 A text book of fish biology and fisheries Khanna & singh Narendra Publication
3 Handbook of fisheries and aquaculture Yadav ICAR
4 Fish processing technology Gopakumar ICAR
5 Ornamental fish farming Saroj. K, swain ICAR
6 Sport fisheries of india K.l. sehgal ICAR
7 Coldwater fisheries of india V.g. jhingran ICAR
8 Fish nutrition in aquaculture Sena s. Desilva ICAR
9 Practical course manual fishery and
gear technology Latha shenoy, y CIFE, Mumbai
10 Breeding and seed production of finfish
and shellfish Thomas,rath Daya pub.
11 Fundamental of fish taxonomy Jayaram, KC Narendra
12 Limnology Welch Narendra
13 Model question bank on ICAR J.R.F Ratanankumar, K Narendra
14 Manual of freshwater biota Jayshree Datta
Munshi Narendra
15 Ornamental fish culture and aquarium
management Dholakia Astral
16 Postharvest technology of fish and fish
products Balachandran Astral
17 Handbook of freshwater fishes of India Beaven R Techno
18 Conservation and management of
aquatic ecosystems Unni, K Sankaran Daya
19 Modern fishing gear technology Hameed, M Shahul Daya
20 Introduction to fish physiology Smith, L.S Narendra
21 Textbook of fish biology and fisheries Khanna/Singh Narendra
22 Textbook of fish diseases
Amalacher, E Narendra
1. INDIAN SILK - MONTHLY JOURNAL
2. SERI BUSINESS MANUAL – A USER’S GUIDE (Eng)
3. Handbook of Sericulture Technologies 4th Edition (Tamil)
4. Handbook of Sericulture Technologies 5th Edition (English)
5. Handbook of Sericulture Technologies 4th Edition (Kannada)
6. Vanya Silk Directory (English)
7. COMPENDIUM OF STATISTICS OF SILK INDUSTRY – 1999 in English
8. SERICULTURE & SILK INDUSTRY STATISTICS – 2003 (with CDR version)
9. SERICULTURE & SILK INDUSTRY STATISTICS – 2007 (with CD version)
10. SERICULTURE & SILK INDUSTRY STATISTICS – 2012 (with CD version)
11. VANYA – WILD SILKS OF INDIA in English
* VOL.I - AN INTRODUCTION TO VANYA SILKS
* VOL.II - PROFILES OF FARM ACTIVITIES
* VOL.III - MANAGEMENT MATRIX
* VOL.IV - PROFILES OF NON -FARM ACTIVITIES
12. CAC TEXT BOOKS IN English
* Silkworm Reari ng Technology
* Mulberry Cultivation & Physiology
* Mulberry Crop Protection
* Sericulture Extn. Management & Economics
* Silkworm Crop Protection
* Silkworm Breeding & Genetics
13. HANDBOOK OF PRACTICAL SERICULTURE (ENGLISH & HINDI)
14. HANDBOOK OF MUGA CULTURE IN ENGLISH
15. ERICULTURE IN INDIA IN ENGLISH
16. TIPS TO SUCCESSFUL SILKWORM COCOON CROPS :
17. GUIDELINES FOR BIVOLTINE REARING:
18. CSR & TI (MYSORE) BULLETINS ON IMPROVED PRACTICES OF SERICULTURE in Hindi & Telugu
19. Reports of Indian Delegations: Sericulture in Japan & South Korea Vol. I & II in English
20. Proceedings of the International Congress on Tropical Sericulture - 1988 in English
21. Satellite Remote Sensing Applications for Sericulture Developm ent in English
22. Biodiversity of Muga Silkworm & its Utilization
23. F.A.O. MANUAL ON SERICULTURE
For Additional and Latest Information on the topics, various Web Sites can be visited.
MODEL QUESTION BANK SEMESTER IV
USZO401(COURSE VIII)
Question bank is suggestive. The paper setters are free to modify the questions or
include new questions to the best of their perception
Unit 1: (10 Marks )
1. Write explanatory notes on:1. Lamarckism. 2. Darwinism and Neo Darwinism.3. Mutation
Theory 4. Mod ern Synthetic theory.5. Weismann’s germplasm theory
2. Neutral theory of molecular evolution. (Some of them can be asked as short notes as well)
3. Discuss evidences in favour of organic evolution by giving example s of geographical
distribution
4. Discuss evidences in favour of organic evolution by giving examples of genetics, and
molecular biology
5. Discuss evidences in favour of organic evolution by giving examples of physiology and
biochemistry
6. Discuss brief accou nt of Origin of eukaryotic cell
Unit 1: (5 Marks)
1. Describe chemical evolut ion with Miller -Urey experiment
2. Describe chemical evolution with Haldane and Oparin theory
3. Write short notes on: 1. Mutation Theory 2. Modern Synthetic theory
Unit 2: (10 Marks)
1. Define the term ‘population genetic s’. Describe in brief the various evolutionary forces that
tend to disturb genetic equilibrium and introduce changes i n the gene pool of a population
2. State Hardy Weinberg’s law of equilibrium a nd discuss its salient features
3. Give an account of the different factors involved in speciation
4. Describe th e different types of speciation
5. Explain the role of geographic isolation in the development of new species
6. Explain the role of reproductive isolation in the development of new species
7. Discuss the pre-zygotic barriers responsi ble for reproductive isolation
8. Discuss the post -zygotic barriers which lead to reproductive isolation
9. Describe the sources of genetic va riation in natural populations
10. Explain the nature and extent of genetic variation within po pulations
11. Describe the mechanisms that preserve balanced polymorphisms
12. Describe the sal ient features of microevolution
13. Compare and contrast mi croevolution and macroevolution
14. Explain the sal ient features of macroevolution
15. Give an account of the diffe rent pa tterns of macroevolution
16. Elaborate on the role of adaptive radiation and extinction in macroevolution
17. What do you understand by the term natural selection? Describe the different types of
natural s election with suitable examples
18. What is megaevolution? Explain the mechanism of megaevo lution using a suitable example
Unit 2: (5 Marks)
1. Explain the term ‘gene pool’. How does evolution operate via the gene pools of populations?
2. Differentiate between:
a. Allopatric and Sympatric speciation
b. Biological and evolut ionary species
c. Microevolution and macroevolution
d. Stabilizing selection and disruptive selection
e. Convergent and divergent evolution
3. Explain stabilizing selection with the help of a suitable example
4. How does the example of sickle cell allele illustrate h eterozygote advantage?
5. How does frequency -dependent selection affect genetic variation within a population over
time?
6. Write short notes on:
a. Role of mutations in evolution
b. Role of migration in evolution
c. Non-random mating
d. Role of natural selection in evolution
e. Genetic drift
f. Bottleneck effect
g. Founder effect
h. Directional evolution in peppered moth
i. Evolution of Antibiotic resistance in bacteria
j. Geographic variation
k. Genetic polymorphism
l. Parapatric speciation
m. Adaptive ra diation
7. What is the biological species concept? What are its limitations? How does it differ from the
evolutionary species concept?
8. Explain the concept of co evolution using suitable examples
Unit 3: (10 Marks)
1. Describe briefly, the steps towar ds prepar ing a research design
2. Describe literature survey, colle ction of data and its analysis
3. What is a patent and how is it obtained?
4. Write an account on applica tion of statistics in research
Unit 3: (5 Marks)
1. Define research. State the difference between research m ethod and research methodology
2. Write a note on co mputer application in research
3. Describe briefly identification of research problem and formulation of research hypothesis
4. What is abstract writing?
5. What is plagiarism?
6. What is bibliography?
7. Write a short not e on ethics in animal research
8. Write a short note on ethics in clinical research
USZO402 (COURSE IX)
Question bank is suggestive. The paper setters are free to modify the questions or include new questions
to the best of their perception
Unit 1: (10 marks)
1. Explain prokaryotic cell.
2. Explain Eukaryotic cell.
3. Give an account of cell theory.
4. Describe the ultrastructure of nuclear membrane.
5. State the chemical composition and functions of nucleolus.
6. Describe nucleocyto plasmic reactions.
7. Explain rRNA processing.
8. Describe fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane.
9. Give an account of active and passive transport
10. Describe various modifications of plasma membrane
11. Explain pinacocytosis, phagocytosis and secretion
12. Give an account of cell permeability
13. Differentiate prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
Unit 1: (5 Marks)
1. Virus
2. Nuclear matrix
3. Number ad position of nucleus
4. Molecular organization of chromatin
5. Unit membrane concept
6. Nucleolus
7. Membrane receptors
8. Sandwich model
9. Cell coat
10. Cell recognition
Unit 2: (10 Marks)
1. Write a note on structural organization & importance of endomembrane system.
2. Describe ultrastruc ture of Endoplasmic Reticulum
3. Describe the types and functions of ER.
4. Give an account of ultrastructure and functions of Golgi complex.
5. Write an essay on functions of Golgi complex.
6. Give an account of polymorphism in lysosomes.
7. Write an essay on peroxisomes.
8. Describe the structure and chemical composition of mitochondria.
9. Write a note on mitochondria as powerhouse of the cell.
10. Describe the major functions of mitochondria.
Unit 2: (5 Marks)
1. Importance of endomembrane system
2. Write a short note on biogenesis of endomembrane system
3. Functions of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
4. Functions of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
5. Structure of Golgi complex
6. Chemical composition of Golgi com plex
7. Lipid & polysaccharide metabolism in Golgi complex
8. Secretion and protein sorting by Golgi complex
9. Write a brief note on GAAP
10. Write a brief note on protein glycosylation by Golgi complex
11. Origin and functions of lysosomes
12. Writ e a short note on peroxisomes
13. Structure of mitochondria
14. Chemical composition of mitochondria
15. Write a short note on ATP
16. Write a short note oglycolysis
17. Write a short note on Kreb’s cycle
18. Write a short note on oxidative phosphoryl ation
Unit 3: (10 Marks)
1. Discuss the chemical behavior of carbon and a note on variety of functional groups of biomolecules.
2. Explain the concept of micromolecules and macromolecules.
3. Describe the structure of water. Add a note on physic -chemi cal properties of water.
4. Define carbohydrate. Add a note on its classification.
5. What are carbohydrates? Explain the classification of carbohydrate with suitable examples.
6. Explain with suitable example monosaccharide and disaccharide.
7. Discuss the properties of carbohydrates.
8. What are disaccharides? Draw the structures of maltose and sucrose.
9. What are polysaccharides? How are they classified? Write the structures of glycogen and heparin/
chitin and heparin.
10. Discuss about chemical structure of the monosaccharides/ disaccharides.
11. What are amino acids? Discuss classification of amino acids based on R group.
12. Give an account of primary and secondary structure of proteins.
13. Write an account on tertiary and quartern ary structure of proteins.
14. Describe the structure of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
15. Define essential fatty acids. Add a note on it.
16. Define lipids. Write a note on mono, di and triglycerides/ phospholipids.
17. What are fatty acids? Add a note on types of fatty acids.
18. Describe the structure and functions of water soluble vitamins.
19. Describe the structure and functions of lipid soluble vitamins.
Unit 3: (5 Marks)
1. Write a short note on monomers and polymers.
2. Write not e on properties of carbohydrates.
3. Give an account of polysaccharides.
4. With suitable example explain glycosidic bond.
5. Explain the linkage in lactose and sucrose.
6. Give the biological importance of carbohydrates.
7. What are essential and non essential amino acids?
8. Give an account of properties of amino acids.
9. Define and explain peptide bond with suitable example.
10Explain the different types of proteins with suitable examples.
11. Explain the biological role of proteins.
12. Peptid e bond
13. Types of fatty acids.
14. Biological role of lipids
15. Properties of fatty acid
16. Sterol and waxes
17. Describe properties of fatty acid/lipids.
18. Discuss the clinical significance of protein / carbohydrate /lipids.
19. Write short note on clinical significance of lipids.
20. Write a note on isomerism in carbohydrates and amino acids?
21. Describe the structure and functions of vitamin A/ vitamin B/ vitamin C/ vitamin D.
USZO E1403(COURSE XA)
Question bank is suggestive. The paper setters are free to modify the questions or include new
questions to the best of their perception
Unit -1: (10 Marks)
1) Classify the different types of eggs..
2) Briefly explain types and structure of sperms (any two animals).
3) Define cl eavage Explain types of cleavages.
4) Give brief account on various types of blastulae.
5) What is gastrulation ? Explain gastrulation in frog.
6) Give an account of process of coelom formation and its types.
7) Give an account of extra embryonic membranes.
8) Describ e briefly the types of eggs on the basis of amount and distribution of yolk.
9) Describe the early dev elopment of mammalian egg upto gastrulation.
10) Give a brief note on different types of sperms.
11) Write a note on blastula and explain its types.
12) Explain the compa rative process of embryo formation .
Unit -1: (5 -Marks)
1) Draw neat labeled diagram and explain any one of the following:
(Microlecithal, ,Alecithal, Homolecithal, Heterolecithal, Isolecithal, Telolecithal,
Centrolecithal, Discoidal ).
2) Explain structure of sperms of frog/ reptiles/ birds/ mammals.
3) Short note on Holoblastic cleavage. Or Meroblastic cleavage.
4) Short note on equal or unequal cleavage.
5) Short note on Discoblastula or Coeloblastula.
6) Short note on centroblastula or amphiblastula or st ereoblaastula,
7) Explain the process of coelom formation in process of gastrulation.
8) Short notes on : Amn ion /Chorion/Allantois/Yolk sac .
9) Explain the function of Amnion /Chorion/Allantois/Yolk sac/.
10) Short note on Deciduous or non -deciduous placenta
11) Write the functions of placenta.
Unit 2: (10 Marks)
1. Describe male reproductive system and its hormonal regulation.
2. Describe female reproductive system and its hormonal regulation.
3. Define reproduction. Explain the hormonal regulation of reproduction.
4. What is contraception? Explain different methods of contraception.
5. How is contraception different from birth control?
6. Define infertility and explain the causes of female infertility.
7. What are the causes of male infertility?
8. Explain the hormonal treatment for infe rtility using drugs.
9. Describe the methods of treatment of infertility.
10. Give a brief account of infertility related disorders.
11. What are sperm banks? Add a note on cryopreservation of sperms.
12. What is testicular biopsy? Explain Testicular sperm extraction (TESE), Pronuclear
stage transfer (PROST).
13. What are the steps involved in Embryo transfer (ET) and / Intra -fallopian transfer
(IFT)?
14. What is ART technique? Add a note on IVF (steps, success and ethical
considerations).
Unit 2: (5 Marks)
1. Write a note on impact of age on reproductive stage –
a. Menopause
b. Andropause
2. What is amenorrhea?
3. What are IUD’s? How do they work as barriers for fertilization?
4. How does sterilization act as a method of contraception?
5. Write a note on birth control.
6. What is the difference between natural and artificial methods of contraception?
7. How is T.B. a cause of female infertility?
8. What are the genetic causes of infertility?
9. Write a note on STD’s as infertility related disorders?
10. Explain briefly:
a. Impote ncy
b. Surrogacy
c. Endometriosis
d. Idiopathic infertility
11. What are the roles of endocrine disruptions in infertility?
12. Explain the role of the following in infertility:
a. Gonorrhea
b. Syphilis
c. Genital Herpes
d. Chlamydia
13. Write a note on treatment of infertility by removal of causative environmental factors.
14. Write a note on Ethical consideration s of ART.
Unit 3: (10 Marks)
1. What are the causes, effects and control measures for air pollution?
2. What are the causes, effects and control measures for water pollution?
3. What a re the causes, effects and control measures for soil pollution?
4. What are the causes, effects and control measures for noise pollution?
5. Define air pollution and give an account of hazardous air pollutants.
6. Explain the causes of nutrient pollution and its control measures.
7. What is ocean littering? Explain in details the causes and control measures for ocean
littering?
8. Describe the alteration of metabolism of micro -organisms due to soil pollution.
9. Explain noise pollution along with its measurement and permis sible limits.
10. Give a brief account of methods to control gaseous / particulate matters.
11. What is pollution? Add notes on:
a. Effect of air pollution on vegetation.
b. Effect of noise pollution on animals.
12. How can the people be made aware of pollution and its effects?
Unit 3: (5 Marks )
1. Explain the effects of air pollution on human beings.
2. What are different types of pollutants that cause air pollution?
3. Write short notes on:
a. Ozone depletion
b. Green house gases
c. Global warming
d. Acid rain
e. Sonic boom
f. Acoustic zonin g
4. Explain the effect of thermal pollution on biodiversity.
5. Write a note on solar radiation.
6. Write a note on ionizing radiation
7. How are heavy metals responsible for nutrient pollution? Cite some examples of
effects of heavy metal pollution on human health.
8. How is oil spills a cause of water pollution / ocean littering?
9. How do pesticides and fertilizers contaminate water?
10. How can oil be retracted back from sea / ocean?
11. What are the effects of soil pollution on food chain?
12. How are POP’s and ordinary salts resp onsible for nutrient pollution?
13. What are the auditory / non – auditory effects of noise pollution.
14. Why is the necessity to save drinking water?
USZO E2403(COURSE X B)
Unit 1(10 Marks each)
1. Give in brief different indigenous breeds of cattle with a suitable example.
2. Give in brief different exotic breeds of cattle with a suitable example.
3. Give in brief different breeds of buffalo with a suitable example.
4. Give in brief different housing types in dairy farm .
5. Explain different types of diseases in cattle farming and add a note on control .
Unit 1(05 Marks each)
Write short note on
1. Malvi
2. Hariyana
3. Deoni
4. Red sindhi
5. Khillari
6. Jersy
7. Holstein
8. Nagpuri
9. Bhadawari
10. Murrah
11. Jafrabadi
12. Weaning of calf
13. Castration
14. Dehorning
15. Cleaning and sanitation.
Unit 2 (10 Marks each)
1. Give in brief life history of silkworm.
2. Give in brief reeling and extraction of silk.
3. Give in brief diseases and control measures in sericulture.
4. Give in brief harvesting and processing of cocoon.
Unit 2 (05 Marks each)
1. Varieties of silkworm
2. Rearing of silkworm
3. Silk extraction
4. Host plants.
Unit 3 (10 Marks each)
1. Give an account on pisiculture ,add anote on finfish culture
2. Explain monoculture with respect to aquaculture
3. Explain polyculture with respect to polyculture
4. Give an account on fresh water prawn culture
5. Give an account on pearl culture.
Unit 3 (05 Marks each)
Write short notes on : -
1. Composition of pearl
2. White shrimp culture
3. Cage culture
4. Induced breeding with respect to aquaculture
5. Fish diseases
6. Symptoms of d iseases
7. Control of diseases.
PRACTICAL
USZOP4 (Course VIII)
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question
Q1. Study Population density by Line transect or Quadrant method
and calculate biodiversity indices (any 2) 12 marks
Minor Question 08 marks
Q2. Prepare a smear to show prokaryotic cell.
OR
Q2. Prepare a smear to show eukaryotic cell.
Q3. Identify and describe as per instructions 08 marks
a. Fossils b. Speciation
Q4. From the given article prepare the bibliography/ abstract 06 marks
Q5. Power point presentation 06 marks
Q6. Viva and Journal 10 marks
PRACTICAL
USZOP4 (Course IX )
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question 15 marks
Q1. Study of permeability of cell through plasma membrane (Osmosis in blood cells).
OR
Q1. Measurement of cell diameter by occulometer (by using perman ent slide)
Minor Question 10 marks
Q2. Qualitative tests for carbohydrates (Molisch’s test, Benedicts test, Barfoed’s test,
Anthrone test)
OR
Q2. Qualitative tests for proteins (Ninhydrin test, Biuret test, Millon’s test, Xanthoproteic
test)
OR
Q2. Qualitative test for lipids (Solubility test, Sudan III test)
OR
Q2. Study of rancidity of lipids by titrimetric method
Q3. Identify and describe as per instructions 15 marks
1. Ultra structure of cell organelles ( a, b & c)
2. Clinical disorde rs (d & e)
Q4. Viva 05 marks
Q5. Journal 05 marks
PRACTICAL
USZO E1P4 (Course X A)
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question 12 marks
Q1. Estimation of Dissolved oxygen from the given water sample
OR
Q1. Detection of Creatinine in urine
OR
Q1. Determination of blood sugar by GOD and POD method
Minor Question 08 marks
Q2. Estimation of Salinity by refractometer from the given water sample
OR
Q2. Estimation of conductivity by conductometer from the given water sample
OR
Q2. Determination of blood pressure by using sphygmomanometer
OR
Q2. Study of bleeding time and clotting time
Q3. Identify and describe as per instructions 15 marks
1. Permanent slides (a &b)
2. Fishery (c , d & e)
Q4. Field Report and viva based on it. 10 marks
Q5. Journal 05 marks
PRACTICAL
USZOE2P4 (Course XB)
Skeleton -Practical Examination Question Paper Pattern
Time: 2 hrs Marks: 50
Major Question 12 marks
Major Question 15 marks
Q1.Comparison of protein content from cow’s milk and buffalo’s milk.
OR
Q.1 Comparison of fat content from cow’s milk and buffalo’s milk
Minor Question 08 marks
Q.2 Preparation of falooda.
OR
Q.2 Preparation of caramel custard.
Q.3 Identification (3 marks each) 12 marks
a) Restraining device
b) Restraining device
c) Any stage of life cycle of Bombyx morri
d) Crustacean fishery
Q4. Report submissi on and Viva based on project 10 marks
Q5. Journal 05 marks
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