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SYBA Applied Component Sem III and IV 1 Syllabus Mumbai University by munotes
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AC – 29/06/2021
Item No. - 5.47 (R)
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
S.Y.B.A
ECONOMICS - SEMESTER – III
APPLIED COMPONENT (Revised Syllabus)
(To be implemented with effect from the academic year 2020 –2021)
A) DEMOGRAPHY - I
OR
B) ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT -I
OR
C) INVESTMENT ANALYSIS -I
OR
D) INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND TRADE UNIONISM –I
OR
E) ELEMENTARY QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES -I
OR
F) AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT -I
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(A) DEMOGRAPHY - I
Preamble:
This paper aims to educate the students about the unique position of demography among various
branches of population science and it is specifically significance to students of Economics. It
also throws light on various population theories, concep ts, measures and the trends in growth of
population as well as the sources of demographic data.
Unit: I Introduction (15 lectures)
How demography is different from population science- Applications in other disciplines - Nature,
scope and importance of demography - Population theories: Malthus, Optimum theory of
population, Demographic transition theory -Trends in population growth: Developed Vs.
Developing Countries
Unit: II Sources of demographic data (15 lectures)
Sources of demographic data in developed and developing countries - Features of Indian census
(2011 census) -National Sample Survey -Civil registration system - Relative merits and demerits
Unit : III B asic concepts and measures (15 lectures)
Concept related to fertility and mortality – Crude Birth Rate (CBR), Crude Death Rate (CDR),
Standardized birth rates (SBR), Standardize Death Rate (SDR) -Methods to rectify the errors in
Age Data - Whipples Index, Myers Index, UN's Method -Relative merits and demerits.
REFERENCES:
1) A.K. P.C. Swain (2008) – ‘Population Studies’ – Kalyani Publications, Ludhiana.
2) Bhende A.A. & Tara Kanitkar (1982) – ‘Principles of Population Studies’ – Himalaya Publishing
House, Bombay.
3) Hans Raj (1984) – ‘Fundamentals of Demography – Surjeet Publication, Delhi.
4) Jhingan, Bhat & Desai – ‘Demography’ –
5) Dr.D.D.Kachole (2001) – ‘Demography’ – Kailasha Publication, Auran gabad.
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(B) ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT -I
Preamble:
The paper is designed with the twin goals of making the students aware of the duties of an
entrepreneur and his unique role in economic development. This paper also deals with different
theories of entrepreneurship and concludes it by emphatically ascertaining the disposition of
entrepreneur admists varying social responsibilities.
Unit: I Introduction (15 lectures)
Concept of an ent repreneur and entrepreneurship -Role of entrepr eneurs in economic
development -Qualities of an entrepreneur -Functions of entrepreneurs -Factors influencing
entrepreneurship -Growth of entrepreneurship in India. ( Selected Case studies)
Unit : II Theories of entrepreneurship (15 lectures)
The Innovation Theory of J.A. Schumpeter -Need for Achievement Theory by David
McClelland -Peter Drucker’s Theory of Opportunity -Max Weber’s theory of social change -
Kunkel’s theory of social behavior
Unit: III Entrepreneur and social responsibility (15 lectures)
Responsibility for Consumers -Responsibility for Employees -Responsibility for Investors -
Responsibility for Local Public -Responsibility at the National and International levels -
Development of Entrepreneurs in the recent past.
REFERENCES:
1) Desai Vasant, (2001), ‘Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development and Ma nagement’,
Himalaya Publica tions, Mumbai
2) Drucker, PF (1985). ‘Innovation and Entrepreneurship ’. New York: Harper & Row
Publishers
3) Gupta C.B.(2013) , ‘Entrepreneurial Development ’, S. Chand and Company ,New Delhi
4) Mark Casson (1982) , ‘The Entrepreneur an Economic Theory’ , Edward Elgar Publishing
Limited.
5) Vasant Desai (2009), ‘Fundamentals of Entr epreneurship and Small Business
Management ’, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
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(C) INVESTMENT ANALYSIS: I
PREAMBLE:
The paper deals with the institutions associated with and the instruments of investments. Apart
from the study of investment theories, students are expected to understand various investment
avenues. The subtopics on securities markets such as primary and secondary markets, SEBI and
Depositories have been incorporated to help stu dents understand the basics of investment
horizon. Elementary mathematical and statistical techniques are expected to be used in the
teaching of the tools of investment analysis such as the present value, discounted cash flows, etc.
Unit -I Introduction: [15 lectures]
Investment: Meaning and scope - Investment V/s Speculation, Investment V/s Gambling - Types
of Investors. Objectives of Investor - Characteristics of Investment: risk, return, safety. liquidity.
Tax shelter, etc. - Non-marketable finan cial assets: Deposit with Banks, Instruments of Post
offices, public provident fund, National saving certificate, preference shares, LIC, Real Assets
etc. - Marketable financial assets: Money Market Instruments - Bonds or Fixed Income
Securities - Debentu res- Equity Shares - Mutual Fund Schemes - Financial Derivatives.
Unit -II Securities Market: [15 lectures]
Participants in the Securities Market - Primary Market, Role of Primary Market - Secondary
Market: its functions and Operations, Stock Markets in India, Over the Counter Exchange of
India (OTCEI) -
Securities and Exchange Board of India: Objectives, Powers and Functions. Depositories -
CDSL, NSDL - Role of depositories
Unit -III Se curities Market Analysis: [l5 lectures ]
Analysis of securities Sources and Types of Information Needed for Security Analysis - analysis
of market - Financial Market data - Benefits and limitation of market data Valuation -
Theoretical Framework - Schematic Presentation of Theory - investment and time v alue of
money -Discounted Cash Flows Net present value method. Moving Averages - Advantages of
Moving Averages.
REFERENCES:
1. Hirschey, M. (2001), Investment Theory and Applications, Harcourt College ,Publisher, USA
2. Shalla V. K. (1983), Investment Manag ement, Security Analysis and Portfo lio Management,
S. Chand, New Delhi.
3. Chandra, Prasanna (2000) Investment Analysis and Portfolio, Management, Tata , McGraw -
Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi.
4. Chandra, Prasanna (1993) Finance S ense, Tat a McGraw -Hill Publishing Company, Ltd, New
Delhi.
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5. Hirschey, M. (2001), Investment Theory and Applications, Harcourt College , Publisher, USA
(D) INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND TRADE UNIONISM -I
PREAMBLE :
This course attempts to provide a basic conceptual understanding of the economics of industrial
relations in India. The syllabus also includes the empirical relevance of theories with suitable
examples from a practical industrial relations viewpoint. Such an attempt will be strengthened to
enab le familiarity with relevant data along with their limitations.
Unit : I Introduction (15 Lectures)
Industrial relations: Meaning and scope - Employer - employee relationship - Industrial relations
policy in India - National commission on labour 2002 - Industrial relations in multinational
corporations - Industrial relations in public sector.
Unit : II Industrial conflicts (15 Lectures)
Industrial conflicts: Definition, structure and classification - Causes of industrial conflicts in
India - Labour unrest - Strikes and lockouts.
Unit : III Measures of industrial disputes (15 Lectures)
Measures to resolve industrial disputes - Labour welfare officer: work and role - standing orders
-Grievances procedures - Collective bargaining - Workers participation in management.
REFERENCE:
1) Joshi C.K.(1967), Unionism in Developing Economy , Asia publication House,Bombay.
2) Madhavi Mitra and Nana Shahane(2003),Manushyabal VyavasthapanV Aydyogik Sambandh
(Marathi), Rajhans Prakashan, Pune.
3) Myers C.A. & Kannappan S.(1970), Industrial Relations in India, Asia Publishing House, India.
4) Punekar De vdhar and Sankaran, Labour Welfare, Trade Unionism and Industrial Relations.
5) Singh J.K.(1998),Labour Economics Principles, Problems and Practices, Deep and Deep
publications Pvt.Ltd New Delhi.
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(E) ELEMENTARY QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES -I
Preamble:
The central focus of the paper is to introduce students to the fundamentals of statistical reasoning
and statistical methods in research. The course introduces the notions of the basic statistical
tools, how to calculate the basics of statistics and how to eva luate them. The paper on
Elementary Quantitative Techniques is based on statistical techniques, basic probability and
arithmetic techniques (financial applications)
Unit : I Introduction to Statistics, Collection, Classification, and Presentation
of Data, Measures of Central Tendency (15 Lectures)
Statistics: Characteristics of Statistics as Data, Functions, Limitations and Uses of Statistics -
Data sources: Primary and Secondary sources —Methods of Sampling -Classifications and
Tabulation Frequency distribution (Univariate data): Discrete, Continuous, and Cumulative -
Graphical representation: Bar diagram, Histogram, Pie chart, Frequency Polygon Frequency
Curve - Measures of Central Tendency - Arithmetic Mean Median and Mode.
Unit: II Measur es of Dispersion (15 Lectures)
Introduction: Objectives of measuring dispersion, Qualities of a good measure of Dispersion -
Measure of Dispersion: Algebraic (Absolute and Relative) and Graphic (Lorenz Curve) -
Bivariate Frequency Distribution -Correlation Analysis: meaning, Correlation and Causation,
Types of Correlation.
Unit: III Probability , Financial Statistics (15 Lectures)
Probability: concepts - sample space, i ndependent and dependent events -Calculation of
probability us ing permutation and combination -Financial Statist ics: Profit, Loss and Discount -
Simple and Compound interest, Growth and Depreciation.
REFERENCES
1) Dowling E. D, Introduction to mathematical Econ omics, Schaum’s Outline Series, Mcgraw -Hill,
2001.
2) Guha A.: Quantitative Aptitude, Tata McGraw ‐Hill, New Delhi, 2005
3) Gupta S.P.: Statistical Methods, S. Chand, New Delhi, 2008.
4) Kothari C.R: Research Methodology, New Age International publishers, 2004
5) Sanc heti, D. C and V.K. Kapoor: Statistics: Theory, Methods and Applications, Sultan Chand &
Sons, New Delhi, 2007.
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F) AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT -I
Preamble:
This paper will provide a strong overview about the Indian economy by going through
various topics of agriculture and rural development. The learners also will be able to understand
the role of agriculture in development. Credit is bloodline to the agricul tural sector, the students
will go through the institutional and non institutional sources of credit to the agriculture. The
learners will be also studying the agricultural marketing in the last unit of the syllabus.
Unit: I Introduction (15 lectures)
Characteristics and composition of rural economy - Indicators of rural development -
Diversification of rural economy -Role and importance of agricultur e in rural economy -
Relationship between farm and non -farm sectors.
Unit: II Agricultural Credit (15 lectures)
Need of agricultural credit - Sources of institutional and non - institutional credit - Structure of
agricultural finance -Regional Rural Banks (RRB), NABARAD - Rural Indebtedness - Farmers
Suicides
Unit: III Agricultural Marketing (15 lectures)
Concept, nature and types of agricultural marketing -Factors of agric ultural market -Role and
importance of agricultural marketing -Problems and measures of agricultural marketing -NAFED,
Commission on Agricultural Cost and Price (CACP)
REFERENCES:
1) Mishra and Puri (2012), ‘ Indian economy ’, Himalaya Publishing House New Delhi.
2) Desai.S.S.M (1986) ‘Fundamental of rural economics ’, Himalaya publishing House, Mumbai.
3) Dr. K. Venkata Reddy (1999) ‘Agriculture and Rural Development (A Gandhian Perspectives) ’
Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai
4) Ramesh singh (2019), ‘Indian Economy ’, Mc Graw Hill Education , New Delhi
5) Bhalla, G.S. (2004) ‘State of the Indian Farmer’ Volume - 19: Globalization and Indian
Agriculture, Academic Foundation, New Delhi.
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AC- 23/02/2021
Item no. – 5.48 (R)
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
S.Y.B.A
ECONOMICS - SEMESTER – IV
APPLIED COMPONENT (Revised Syllabus)
(To be implemented with effect from the academic year 2020 –2021)
A) DEMOGRAPHY - II
OR
B) ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT -II
OR
C) INVESTMENT ANALYSIS -II
OR
D) INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND TRADE UNIONISM –II
OR
E) ELEMENTARY QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES -II
OR
F) AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT -II
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(A) DEMOGRAPHY - II
Preamble:
The pertinent aim of this paper is to generate awareness or the inter‐relationship between
economic d evelopment and population with the help of demographic theories . It also highlights
demographic techniques and basic sources of demographic data in the Indian economy . Several
aspects of the population pol icy and the study of its social characteristics are other impo rtant
components of this paper.
Unit: I Basic Concepts (15 lectures )
Fertility – Delimition and factors affecting fertility; Nuptiality –Definition, age at marriage and
factors affecting nuptiality ; Mortality ‐ Definition and factors affecting mortality; Life Table –
Definition and types.
Unit: II Migration and Urbanization (15 lectures)
Migration – Definition and types, factors affecting m igration, Theory of Migration (Harris -
Todaro model), issues related to migratio n; Urbanisation ‐ Definition , trends and patterns o f
urbanization in India, problems of urbanization in India (poverty, food supply, water, s anitation,
housing, slum areas, employment, health, educa tion, transport, environment)
Unit : III Population Policy in India (15 lectures)
Evolutio n of India’s population policy; Shift in policy focus from population control to famil y
welfare to women empowerment; Family Planning & Family Welfare Programmes : I mportance
and methods; Population Projection in In dia.
REFERENCES:
1) A.K. P.C. Swain (2008) - ‘Population Studies’ - Kalyani Publications, Ludhiana.
2) Agarwal S.S. (1985) ‐ ‘India’s Population Problem’ - Tata McGraw Hill Publication,
Bombay.
3) Bhend e A.A. & Tara Kanitkar (1982) - ‘Principles of Population Studies’ - Himalaya
Publishing House, Bombay.
4) Dr. D.D.Kachole (2001) - ‘Demography’ - Kailasha Publication, Aurangabad.
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5) Hans Raj (1984) - ‘Fundamentals of Demography - Surjeet Publication, Delhi.
(B) ENTREP RENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT -II
Preamble:
An economic development of any particular nation is depending upon the spirit of
entrepreneurship at certain extent. This paper is revised keeping in view significance of
entrepreneurship in the globalised world. The learners should feel motivated to enha nce their
knowledge, develop skills and desirable attitude towards self-employment . The paper should be
taught using innovative, participatory style of learning based on practical knowledge derived
from industrial and institutional visits.
Unit: I Project Management (15 lectures)
Project identification -Sources of Finance for the Project -Project selection - Formulation of
Project Report (Specimen) -Project appraisal -Problems in selecting a project
Unit: II Entrepreneurial Development (15 lectures)
Location of an Enterprise -Registration of an enterprise -Need for training -Types of training -
Entrepreneurial Development programmes - Institution al support to entrepreneurs (NSIC, SIDO,
SIDBI, SSIDC, DIC, KVIC etc.)
Unit: III Challenges of Entrepreneurship (15 lectures)
Internal and external problems faced by entrepreneurs - Role of rural entrepreneurs - Speci al
challenges of rural entrepreneurs - Women entrepreneurs: Problems and solutions - Globalization
and entrepreneurship -Case studies of successful and sick enterprises.
REFERENCES:
1) Desai Vasant, (2001), ‘Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development and Ma nagement’,
Himalaya Publications, Mumbai
2) Drucker, PF (1985). ‘Innovation and Entrepreneurship ’. New York: Harper & Row
Publishers
3) Gupta C.B.(2013) , ‘Entrepreneurial Development ’, S. Chand and Company ,New Delhi
4) Singh P.N. and Saboo J.C. (2003), ‘ Entrepreneurship Management’, P.N.Singh Centre,
Mumbai
5) Vasant Desai (2009), ‘Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management ’,
Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai
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(C) INVESTMENT ANALYSIS: I I
Preamble:
The paper deals with various investment theories in the beginning. Apart from the study
of investment theories, techniques of fundamental and technical analysis have been incorporated
to help students understand the basics of investment selection. Elementary mathematical and
statistic al techniques are expected to be used in the teaching of these tools of investment
analysis.
Unit -I Theories of Investment Analysis: [15 lectures]
Efficient Market Concept - Efficient Market Hypothesis - Random Walk Theory - Portfolio
Management – Meaning, Evolution, objectives,phases - Role of Portfolio Managers, Advantages
of Portfolio Management. Portfolio Theory: Portfolio return, risk, diversification and optimal
portfolio - the Single Index Model - Capital Asset Pricing Theory.
Unit -II Fundam ental Analysis: [15 lectures]
Fundamental Analysis V/s Technical Analysis - Economy Analysis – Meaning, Framework,
Industry Analysis – Concept of Analysis, Industry Life Cycle, Industry Characteristics -
Company Analysis - Sources of information for c ompany analysis (Internal, External)
Unit -III Technica l Analysis of the Market: [ 15 lectures]
What is technical analysis? - Tools of technical analysis -Principles of Technical analysis - Dow
Theory - Price Chart, Line Chart, Bar Chart, Japanese Can dlestick Chart, Trends and Trend
Reversals, Chart Patterns, Support and Resistance, Reversal Patterns, Continuation Patterns and
Elliot Wave Theory -
REFERENCES:
1. Hirschey, M. (2001), Investment Theory and Applications, Harcourt College
Publisher, USA
2. Shalla V. K. (1983), Investment Management, Security Analysis and Portfolio
Management, S. Chand, New Delhi.
3. Chandra, Prasanna (2000) Investment Analysis and Portfolio, Management, Tata
McGraw -Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi.
4. Chandra, Prasa nna (1993) Finance Sense, Tata McGraw -Hill Publishing Company
Ltd, New Delhi.
5. Hirschey, M. (2001), Investment Theory and Applications, Hircourt College
Publisher, USA
6.V. A. Avadhani, Investment and Securities Market in India, Himalaya Publishing House .
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7. V. K. Bhalla, Portfolio Analysis and Management, Sultan Chand & Sons
8. Mishra Rajiv and Jha Nishikant : Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management, 1st edition,
2016, Himalaya Publishing House. Mumbai.
(D) INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND TRADE UNIONISM -II
Preamble :
Just as capitalists have a role to play in balancing the process and function of capitalism,
so too do the workers. From that point of view, the two sections of trade unionism and industrial
relations are designed in the syllabus s o that the students can understand the concept of trade
unions and relationship in industrial sector.
Unit : I Introduction (15 Lectures)
Trade unionism: Meaning , scope , objectives and importance - History of trade union movement
in India - Structure of trade unions in India - International labour organization and Indian Trade
union movement .
Unit : II Role of Trade Union (15 Lectures)
Functions of trade unions - Trade unions and environment conservation - Impact of globalizat ion
on trade unions in India - Problems of trade unions - White collar unionism
Unit : III Administration of Trade Union (15 Lectures)
Trade unions: Registration - Administration - Finances - Leadership ideology - Trade union act
1926 - Workers compensation act
REFERENCE:
1) Amin, Ash (Ed.), Post -Fordism -A Reader, Blackwell, Oxford, 1994 (Modul e 2)
2) Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Report of Second National
Commission on Labour, 2002 (Module 3, 4)
3) Hicks J.R., The Theory of Wages, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1932 (Module1)
4) Pencavel, John , Labour Markets under Trade Unionism: Employment, Wages and Hours,
Basil Blackwell, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1991 (Module 1)
5) Rees, Albert, The Economics of Trade Unions, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1973
(3rd Edition) (Module 1)
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(E) ELEMENTARY QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES -II
Preamble:
The central focus of the paper is to introduce students to the Fundamentals of
Mathematics and its Applications in Economics along with the basics of Algebra.
Unit : I Equations, Graphs, Functions, Economic Applications (15 Lectures)
A: Equations and Graphs —Cartesian Coordinate System, Linear equations and Graphs, Slopes,
Intercept, Equation of a Straight -Line- Applications of Linear Equations in Economics.
B. Function — Concepts, Graphing Functions (L inear and Quadratic) Equations, Solving
Quadratic Equations.
C. Systems of Equation —Graphical Solutions -Demand and Supply Analysis, Break -Even
Analysis, Income Determination Models.
Unit: II Limits, Differentiation, Economic Applications (15 Lectures)
A: Limits —Continuity, Differentiability and Continuity, Rules of Differentiation (Constant,
Linear and Power Functions, Sums and Differences, Product, Quotient).
B. Higher Order Derivatives — Increasing and Decreasing Functions, Concavity an d Convexity,
Inflection Points.
C. Optimising Economic Functions for Business — Maximising profits, and Minimising Costs,
Relationships among Total, Marginal and Average Functions.
Unit: III Matrix Algebra, Linear Programming (Economic Applications),
Algebra . (15 Lectures)
A: Matrix Algebra —Definition and types of Matrices, Algebraic Operations of Addition,
Subtraction, Scalar and Vector Multiplication, and M ultiplication of Matrices {2x2 only}.
B: Linear Programming — Formulation of the Objective Function and the Constraints, Graphical
Solution.
C. Algebra —Sequences and Series, Arithmetic and Geometrical Progression, Sum of nth terms,
series.
REF ERENCES
1) Anthony M. and Norman Briggs, Mathematics for Economics and Finance, Cambridge
University Press , Replika P ress Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 2002.
2) Bose D., An Introduction to Mathematical Economics, Himalaya Publishing House, New
Delhi, 2007.
3) Chiang A. C., Fundamental method of Mathematical Economics, Mc -Graw Hill, New York,
1986.
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4) Dowling E. T., Mathematical Methods for Business and Economics, Schaum’s Outline
Series, McGraw -Hill, 1993.
5) Guha A.: Quantitative Aptitude, Tata McGraw ‐Hill, New Delhi, 2005
F) AGRI CULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT -II
Preamble:
Through this paper on agricultural and rural development the learners will be able to
understand about the rural infrastructure. Especially how there are various lacking in the
infrastructure. The learners will also able to get acquainted with the rural in dustries, its role and
problems. There is also rural poverty persist in the country, which will be properly understood by
the learners and also how there will be proper implementations of poverty alleviation programs
and the role of SHG’s is there for tack ling poverty and inequality.
Unit: I Rural Infrastructure (15 lectures)
Role and significance of rural infrastructure in development -Rural energy - Role of transport,
Communication, irrigation, Health and education in rural development
Unit: II Rural Industries (15 lectures)
Meaning, types, role, problems and measures of agro based industries - Role and problems of
sugar factory -Food and fruits processing industry -Role of District Industry Centre (DIC) - Role
and problems of small scale industries.
Unit: III Rural Poverty and Unemployment (15 lectures)
Poverty - Meaning, nature, causes and extent - Various rural development programmes for
reducing poverty - Unemployment: Meaning, causes, types and measures - Poverty alleviation
through Self help groups (SHG’s).
REFERENCES:
1) Bhalla, G.S. (2004) ‘State of the Indian Farmer’ Volume - 19: Globalization and Indian
Agriculture, Academic Foundation, New Delhi.
2) Department of Agriculture, ‘Cooperation & Farmers Welfare ’, Ministry of Agriculture &
Farmers Welfare Government of India, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi -www.agricoop.nic.in
3) Desai.S.S.M (1986) ‘Fundamental of rural economics ’ Himalaya publishing House, Mumbai.
4) Dutta and Sundaram (2012) : ‘Indian economy ’, S. Chand and Company New Delhi.
5) Ramesh singh (2019), ‘Indian Economy ’, Mc Graw Hill Education , New Delhi