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UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI!!
!SYLLABUS!FOR!MSc!BIOTECHNOLOGY!(REVISED)!PROGRAM:!M.Sc!COURSE:!BIOTECHNOLOGY!CREDIT!BASED!SEMESTER!AND!GRADING!SYSTEM!WITH!EFFECT!FROM!ACADEMIC!YEAR!2016@17!
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MSc Biotechnology Part I Syllabus Mumbai University by munotes
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UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI!!
!2016@17!
!SYLLABUS!FOR!SEM!I!PROGRAM:!M.Sc!COURSE:!BIOTECHNOLOGY!CREDIT!BASED!SEMESTER!AND!GRADING!SYSTEM!WITH!EFFECT!FROM!ACADEMIC!YEAR!2016@17
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!PSBT 101 : Biochemistry Unit I:!Storage!of!Carbohydrates- Structure!and!Function:"Starch!and!Glycogen, Cellulose,!Chitin,!Glycosaminoglycans6Heparin,!Chondroitin! sulphate,!Dermatan! sulphate,! Keratan! sulphate.!Formation!structure!and!functions!of!Eicosanoid:!Prostaglandins!and!Thromboxanes.!Glycoproteins! (N6,O6,GPI6!linked! and! proteoglycans)!&!Glycolipids,!and!Lectins.!Unit II:!Structure6function6Physiological!Significance:!Haemoglobin!and!Myoglobin:!Structure,!oxygen!binding,!Hill!equation!and!Hills!plot,!Cooperativity,!Bohr!effect,!Allosteric!regulation:!Adair!Equation,! Symmetry! model! and! Sequential! model.!Lipoproteins:!Structure,! types! and! functions.!Lipoprotein! Dysfunction:!Atherosclerosis,!Alzheimer's!Disease.!Unit III:!Inborn!errors!of!metabolism!and!nutritional!disorders:!PEM! (Kwashiorkar! and! Marasmus).!Diabetes:! Type! I,! Type! II,!gestational.!Glycogen! storage! disorders!6von! Gierke's disease,! Cori's disease, Andersen's disease, McArdle's disease. Amino acid metabolism- PKU, Alkaptonuria. Lipids- Tay-Sachs, Gaucher's!disease.!Nucleic!acids6!Gout,!Lesch6Nyhan!syndrome.!Role!of!B!group!Vitamins!in!metabolic!pathways.!
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!Unit IV:!Neurobiology6neurochemistry!!Structure!and!functions!of!neuron,!types!and!physiologic!anatomy!of!the!Synapse,!transmission!of!nerve!impulses,!ion!channels,!neurotransmitters!and!neuropeptides,!Electrical!events!during!neuronal!excitation!and!inhibition.!Neurotoxins.!Neurochemistry:!Special!senses6!taste,!vision,!odor,!hearing,!References:!1. Guyton,!Text!book!of!Medical!Physiology,!Saunders!Publishers,!12th!edition,!2010!2. Textbook!of!Biochemistry!with!Clinical!Correlations,!7th!Edition,!Thomas!M.!Devlin,!January 2010.!3. Proteins:!biotechnology!and!biochemistry,!1st!edition!(2001),!Gary!Walsch,!Wiley,!USA!4. Biochemical!Calculations,!2nd!Ed.,!(1997)!Segel!Irvin!H.,!Publisher:!John!Wiley!and!Sons,!New!York.!5. Enzymes:!Biochemistry,!Biotechnology!&!Clinical!chemistry,!(2001)!Palmer!Trevor,!Publisher:!Horwood!Pub.!Co.,!England.!6. Outlines!of!Biochemistry:!5th!Edition,!Erice!Conn!&!Paul!Stumpf!;!John!Wiley!and!Sons,!USA!7. Fundamentals!of!Biochemistry.!3rd!Edition!(2008),!Donald!Voet!&!Judith!Voet!,!John!Wiley!and!Sons,!Inc.!USA!
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!8. Lehninger,!Principles!of!Biochemistry.!5th!Edition!(2008),!David!Nelson!&!Michael!Cox,!W.H.!Freeman!and!company,!NY.!9. Biochemistry:!7th!Edition,!(2012),!Jeremy!Berg,!Lubert!Stryer,!W.H.Freeman!and!company,!NY
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!PSBT!102:!Immunology!Credits:!4!(1!lecture!/!week)!Unit!I:!Advanced!Immunology!Antigen!presentation.!Secondary!signaling,!co-stimulation,!Cell!signaling!in!immune!response.!DC!activation,!B!cells!as!APC,!Activation!of!B!and!T!cells,!Complements!6!Lectin!pathway!with!regulation.!Unit!II:!Molecular!immunology!T!and!B!cell!(antigenic!properties,!receptors!and!activation!),!Generation!of!antibody!diversity,!MHC!and!antigen!presentation6!Exogenous!and!Endogenous!pathway,!non6peptide!antigens.!Histocompatibility!Complex,!Polymorphism!transplantation!!!Unit III: Clinical immunology!Cytokines:!properties,!receptor,!antagonists,!diseases,!Therapeutic!use!of!cytokines!Experimental! immunology:! Vaccine! development! (Recombinant,!Combined!and!polyvalent!vaccines),!Antigen!Antibody!reactions!in!diagnostics.!Cancer!Immunology!Unit!IV:!Effector!mechanisms:!Mucosal! immunity,! Peyer’s! patches,! gut! barriers,! oral!immunization,! Oral! tolerance,! Cytotoxic! response,! ADCC,! NK! cells,!CTL,!Th,!T!regulation,!Immunoregulation,!anergy,!tolerance,!anti!idiotype,!Mechanisms!of!antiviral!innate!immune!response!
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!References:!1. Immunology!5th!ed!Janis!Kuby,!W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd; 5th Revised edition.!2. Fundamental!Immunology!5th!edition!(August!2003):!by!William!E.,!Md.!Paul!(Editor)!By!Lippincott!Williams!&!Wilkins!Publishers!3. Essential!Immunology,!Ivan!M.!Roit!(1994)!6!Blackwell!Scientific!Pub,!Oxford.!4. Cellular!and!Molecular!Immunology,!3rd!edition!Abbas,!Saunders.
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PSBT!103!Molecular!Biology!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Credits!4!(1!lecture!/!week)!!
!Unit!I!Chromatin!structure!and!gene!expression!!Transcription in prokaryotes and Eukaryotes"Types! of! RNA! polymerases,! Promoters,! initiation,! elongation,!termination!and!anti6termination.!Initiation! factor,! role! of! transcription! factors,! Regulation! of! RNA!polymerase!Chromatin!structure!and!transcription.!Transcription!in!cell!organelles!Unit!II:!Post!Transcriptional!events!RNA!processing!in!eukaryotes:!modifications,!splicing!and!splicing!machinery,!processing!of!RNA.!Editing!and!amplification!Translation!in!Prokaryotes!and!Eukaryotes!Codon!assignments,!Wobble!hypothesis,!initiation,!elongation,!and!termination,!Modification!folding!and!transport!protein!Molecular!chaperons!in!folding,!Protein!sorting!and!trafficking!using!signal!proteins!!Unit III: Translation and mobile DNA elements DNA!rearrangement,!RNAi,!regulation!of!translation.!Post!translational!modification.!Mobile!DNA!elements,!Transposable!elements!in!bacteria,!Controlling!elements!in!Tn!A!and!Tn!10!transposition.!SINES!and!LINES,!retrotransposons!Unit IV Genomics and Proteomics: an overview Omes!and! omics,! Concepts! and! applications! Genome! overview! at!the! level! of! Chromosome! (with! model! organisms! as! example);!Strategies!for!large!scale!DNA!sequencing6!Whole!genome!analysis!techniques,! Next! generation! sequencing! methods;! Organization,!structure!and!mapping!of!genomes!(with!model!organisms!as!example)!
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!Reference!Books!1. Genes!XI,!11th!edition!(2012),!Benjamin!Lewin,!Publisher!6!Jones!and!Barlett!Inc.!USA!2. Molecular!Biology!of!the!Gene,!6th!Edition!(2008),!James!D.!Watson,!Pearson!Education,!Inc.!and!Dorling!Kindersley!Publishing,!Inc.!USA!!3. Molecular!Biology,!5th!Edition!(2011),!Weaver!R.,!McGraw!Hill!Science.!USA!4. Fundamentals!of!Molecular!Biology,!(2009),!Pal!J.K.!and!Saroj!Ghaskadbi,!Oxford!University!Press.!India!5. Molecular!Biology:!genes!to!proteins,!4th!edition!(2011),!Burton!E!Tropp!Jones!&!Bartlett!Learning,!USA!6. Discovering!genomics,!Proteomics!and!Bioinformatics!(2006)!A.!Malcoln!Campbell,!laurie!J.!Heyer!Benjamin!Cummings;!2nd!edition
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!!PSBT!104!Biochemical!and!Biophysical!techniques!(4!credits!1!lecture!/!week)!!Unit!I!Microscopic!techniques:!AFM,! Fluorescence! Microscopy,! Confocal! microscopy,! cryotomy!scanning! and! transmission! microscopes,! different! fixation! and!staining! techniques! for! EM,! freeze6etch! and! freeze6!fracture!methods! for!EM,! image! processing! methods! in! microscopy,! single!cell!imaging.!Environmental!SEM,!and!its!advantages!Unit!II:!Spectroscopy!!Introduction,!principle!and!analysis!using!UV/visible!Spectrophotometer,!fluorescence!spectroscopy,!circular!dichroism,!ORD,!NMR!and!ESR!spectroscopy,!Molecular!structure!determination!using!X6ray!diffraction,!X!ray!crystallography!and!NMR,!Molecular!analysis!using!light!scattering,!mass!spectrometry!and!LC6MS,!GC6!MS,!and!surface!plasma!resonance!methods,!IR.!!Unit!III:!Chromatography!and!Radioisotopy!Introduction,!principle!and!analysis!using!HPTLC,!HPLC,!GLC,!Affinity!chromatography! and! its! types!IEF! and! 2! D! electrophoresis.!Applications! of! the! above! techniques.! Radioisotopes! techniques6!Radio! assay! (nature! of! radioactivity,! units,! decay,! half6life,!detection/measurement),!scintillation!counting,!safety!aspects!and!applications!of!radioisotopes.!Unit!IV:!Histochemical!and!Immunotechniques!Antibody!generation,!blotting!techniques,!Immuno!- precipitation,!Flow!cytometry!and!immunofluorescence,!detection!of!antigens!in!living!cells,!in situ localization!by!techniques!such!as!FISH!and!
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Reference!Books!!
!GISH.
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1. Principles!and!Techniques!of!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology,7th!edition!Wilson!K.M.,!Walker!J.M.,!Cambridge!University!Press,!UK!(2010),!2. Biochemical!spectroscopy.!Vol!46!of!Methods!in!Enzymology.!(1995)!Kenneth!Sauer.!Academic!Press,!USA!3. Modern!experimental!biochemistry!3rd!edition!Publisher,!USA.edition.!(2000)!Rodney!Boyer.!Prentice!Hall!4. Analytical!Biochemistry,!3!edition,!(1998),!David!Holmes,!H.Peck!,!Prentice!Hall,!UK.
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Reference!Books!!
!PSBT101!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2!Credits!!1. Isolation!of!starch!from!potato!and!its!estimation!by!Anthrone!method.!2. Preparation!of!haemoglobin!from!blood.!3. Phosphorolysis!of!glycogen!in!the!muscular!tissue.!4. The!isolation!and!assay!of!glycogen!from!liver!and!skeletal!muscles!of!bird!/!mammal.!5. Estimation!of!Vitamin!C!from!fruits.!6. Estimation!of!Creatinine!in!blood!/!urine.!Estimation!of!urate/creatinine!ratio!to!diagnose!Lesch6Nyhan!syndrome.!7. Chemistry!of!thinking:!a. Study!of!different!regions!of!brain!using!models.!b. Stroop!test!and!blind!spot!test.!c. Color!blindness!and!optical!illusions!!
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Reference:!!1. Biochemical! Methods! for! Agricultural! Sciences!6!Sadasivam!and!Manikam.!Wiley!Eastern!Limited,!1992..!2. Practical!Clinical!Biochemistry!Harold!Varley,!CBS; 6 edition (1 December 2006)!3. An!Introduction!to!Practical!Biochemistry!(3rd!Edition)!6!David!T! Plummer.! Tata! McGraw6Hill! Publishing! Company! Limited,!1992.
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PSBT!102!Immunology:!2!credits!!
!1. Preparation!of!TAB!or!any!other!vaccine.!2. Antigen! antibody! reactions:! one! of! each! type:! precipitation!(VDRL!setup!in!tube!or!gels),!WIDAL.!3. Quantification!of!antigen!using!Single!Radial!Immuno-Diffusion.!4. Double!Immuno-diffusion.!5. Immuno-diffusion!and!immune-electrophoresis!(electrophoresis!of! serum! and! then! reaction! with! anti6whole! human! serum!antiserum).!6. Serum!electrophoresis.!Reference:!1. Practical!immunology,!Frank!Hay,!4th!Edition!,!Blackwell!Science!2. Medical!Microbiology,!Anantnarayan!3. Introduction!to!Practical!Biochemistry,!D.T.!Plummer,!Tata!MacGraw!Hill!4. A!Handbook!of!Practical!Immunology!6!G!P!Talkwar!5. Text!Book!of!Medical!Biochemistry,!Praful!Godkar.!Bahalani!
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PSBT!102!Immunology:!2!credits!!Publishers.
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PSBT!103!Molecular!Biology:!2!credits!!1. Extraction!of!genomic!DNA!from!bacteria!and!blood!2. Perform!transformation!of!bacteria.!3. Expression!of!recombinant!protein!4. Problems!on!RE!digests!/!RFLP;!Demonstration!of!ligation!reaction.!5. Conjugation!6. Induction!of!Galactosidase!in!!E. coli!(and!effect!of!inducers).!Reference:!Molecular!Cloning!a!laboratory!manual.!Sambrook!and!Russel
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References :!!PSBT!104!Biochemical!and!Biophysical!techniques:!2!credits!1. Extraction!of!pigments!from!biological!sources!6!plants!and/or!microorganisms! and! study! of! their! absorption! spectrum! in!visible!light.!2. Verification! of! Beer! lamberts! law! and! calculation! of! molar!extinction! coefficient! of! a! coloured! chemical! compound! of!known!molecular!weight.!3. Use!of!UV!spectrophotometry!to!determine!the!concentration!of!protein.!4. Demonstration! and! interpretation! of! NMR,! HPLC,! GC! read6outs.!5. Separation!of!sugars!in!coconut!water!using!TLC!6. Use!of!affinity!chromatography!for!purification!of!antibodies!from!serum.!7. Visit!to!a!facility!housing!EM!and!other!analytical!tools
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!1. An!Introduction!to!Practical!Biochemistry!(3rd!Edition)!6!David!T! Plummer.! Tata! McGraw6Hill! Publishing! Company! Limited,!1992.!2. Principles!and!techniques!in!biochemistry,!Wilson!and!Walker
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!UNIVERSITY!OF!MUMBAI!
!SYLLABUS!FOR!SEMESTER!II!PROGRAM:!M.Sc!COURSE:!BIOTECHNOLOGY!CREDIT!BASED!SEMESTER!AND!GRADING!SYSTEM!WITH!EFFECT!FROM!ACADEMIC!YEAR!2016@17!2016@17!!!
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!!PSBT!201!Metabolism:!4!credits!(1!lecture/!week)!!Unit 1 Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism HMP and gamma amino butyrate shunt, glycogenesis and glycogenolysis. Control of glycogen metabolism: Allosteric control, covalent modification of enzymes by cyclic cascades, maintenance of blood glucose levels. Uronic acid pathway. Lipid metabolism: Biosynthesis of fatty acids (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated), triglycerides and phospholipids.FAS Complex, regulation of fatty acid metabolism. Unit II Physiological biochemistry Regulation of acid-base balance, types and functions of acid-basebuffers, respiratory mechanism of acid-base balance, renal control of acid base balance, clinical abnormalities associated with acid base imbalance. Water and electrolyte balance, clinical abnormalities. Mineral metabolism: Dietary macro elements- Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron, Magnesium.Trace elements- Iron, Iodine, Zinc, Copper. Unit III Stress metabolism in plants Environmental stresses, salinity, water stress, heat, chilling, anaerobiosis, and heavy metals, and their impact on plant growth and
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!metabolism, criteria of stress tolerance.Secondary metabolites in plants- Nature, distribution and their role in plant protection. Unit IV Plant and microbial metabolism Hatch slack pathway, Crassulacean acid metabolism, photorespiration and glyoxylate pathway with significance. Photosynthetic formation of hydrogen. Nitrogen fixation and role of nitrogenase, anammox reactions. Plant symbiosis with fungi: Arbuscular, mycorrhiza, Ectomycorrhiza References: 1. Biochemistry, L Stryer, Freeman and Co, NY 2. Biochemistry, Zubay, Addison Wesley and Co. 3. Textbook of Physiology, Guyton 4. Physiology, Berne and Levy 5. Harper’s Biochemistry- 27th edition 6. Text!book!of!Human!Biochemistry6!Ed.!G.!P.!Talwar!
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!8. Essentials!of!food!and!nutrition!M!Swaminathan!Vol.!II,!Applied!aspects!(1974),!Ganesh!Pub,!Madras!9. Human!biochemistry!6!James!Orten!and!Otto!Neuhaus,!10th!ed!,!CV!Mosby!co!London!10. Human!nutrition!and!dietetics6Davidson!and!Passmore!11. Plant!physiology,!Salisbury!and!Ross!(2007)!CBS!publishers!and!distributors!12. Biochemistry!and!Physiology!of!Plant!Hormones,!Thomas!Moore,!Springer!Verlag!New!York!13. Plant!Biochemistry6!Hans!Walter!Heldt,!3rd!Edition,!Elesvier!Academic!Press!14. Introduction!to!Plant!Biochemistry6!T.W.!Goodwin!and!E.L.!Mercer!15. Plant!Physiology6!Devlin,!CBS!Publishers!16. Plant!Biochemistry6!Dey,!Academic!Press,!1999
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!PSBT!202:!Immunology!Unit!I.!Immunological!diseases!Autoimmunity! mechanisms,! altered! antigens,! Systemic! Lupus!erythematosus,!Graves!diseases,!Rheumatoid!arthritis,!Myasthenia!Gravis,! Multiple! sclerosis,! animal! models! of! autoimmunity!Transplantation! immunology,!GvH,! Immunodeficiency:! phagocytic,!humoral,!CMI,!combined!HLA!association!with!disease.!Unit II: Molecular immunology and animal models Animal!models!and!transgenic!animals!and!their!use!in!immunological!studies,!Routes!of!Inoculation,!Antibody!engineering,!Chimeric!antibodies,!Phage!display.!Unit III: CMI and imaging!Cell!Cytotoxicity, mixed lymphocyte reaction, Apoptosis, Cytokine expression; Cell cloning, Reporter Assays, In-situ gene expression techniques; Cell imaging Techniques- In vitro and!In vivo; Immuno- electron microscopy; In vivo cell tracking techniques; Microarrays!Unit IV: Cancer Immunology and Psychoneuroimmunology!
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!Types! of! cancer,! malignant! transformation! of! cells,! tumour!antigens,! immune! response! to! cancer,! immunotherapy.!Connections!of!CNS!to!immune!system!and!vise versa. Psychological!modulation! of! immunity,! stress! and! immunity,! implication! for!diseases,! functional! significance!6!inflammation! and! acute! phase!response,!role!of!glucocorticoids,!stress!response,!energy!demand!and!balance,!References:!1. Immunology!5th!ed!Janis!Kuby!2. Fundamental! Immunology! 5th!edition! (August! 2003):! by!William!E.,!Md.!Paul!(Editor)!By!Lippincott!Williams!&!Wilkins!Publishers!3. Essential!Immunology,!Ivan!M.!Roit!(1994)!Blackwell!Scientific!Pub,!Oxford.!4. Cellular!and!Molecular!Immunology,!3rd!edition,!Abbas.!5. Psychoneuroimmunology, Stress, and Infection, By Herman!6. Friedman, Thomas W. Klein, Andrea L. Friedman, CRC Press, 1996
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PSBT!203:!Bioprocess!technology!!Unit I: Concepts of basic mode of fermentation processes!Strain improvement for increased yield and other desirable characteristics; Upstream processing: Media formulation, Sterilization. Bioreactor designs; classification of fermenters; Batch, fed batch and continuous; Conventional fermentation v/s biotransformation; Solid substrate, surface and submerged fermentation; Fermenter design- mechanically agitated; Pneumatic and hydrodynamic fermenters; Large scale animal and plant cell cultivation; Aeration and agitation in bioprocess; Measurement and control of bioprocess parameters.! Unit II:!Downstream processing!Bio separation - filtration, centrifugation, sedimentation, flocculation; Cell disruption; Liquid-liquid extraction; Purification by chromatographic techniques; Reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration; Drying; Crystallization; Storage and packaging; Treatment of effluent and its disposal.!Unit III: Applications of enzymes in food processing
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References!!
!Mechanism of enzyme function and reactions in process techniques; Enzymic bioconversions e.g. starch and sugar conversion processes; High-Fructose Corn Syrup; Interesterified fat; Hydrolyzed protein etc. and their downstream processing; baking by amylases, deoxygenation and desugaring by glucoses oxidase, beer mashing and chill proofing; cheese making by proteases and various other enzyme catalytic actions in food processing.!Unit IV: Applications of Microbes in food process operations and production!Fermented foods and beverages; Food ingredients and additives prepared by fermentation and their purification; fermentation as a method of preparing and preserving foods; Microbes and their use in pickling, producing colours and flavours, alcoholic beverages and acids; Process wastes-whey, molasses, starch substrates and other food wastes for bioconversion to useful products; Bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria - Production and applications in food preservation.
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!1. Jackson AT., Bioprocess Engineering in Biotechnology, Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, 1991.!2. Shuler ML and Kargi F., Bioprocess Engineering: Basic concepts, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, 2002.!3. Stanbury RF and Whitaker A., Principles of Fermentation Technology, Pergamon press, Oxford, 1997.!4. Baily JE and Ollis DF., Biochemical Engineering fundamentals, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1986.!5. Aiba S, Humphrey AE and Millis NF, Biochemical Engineering, 2nd Edition, University of Tokyo press, Tokyo, 1973.!6. Comprehensive Biotechnology: The Principles, Applications and Regulations of Biotechnology in Industry, Agriculture and Medicine, Vol 1, 2, 3 and 4. Young M.M., Reed Elsevier India Private Ltd, India, 2004. !7. El6Mansi, Bryle CFA. Fermentation Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis Ltd, UK, 2007.
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PSBT 204 IPR & Biosafety !!Unit I: Introduction to Intellectual Property!Patents, Trademarks, Copyright & Related Rights, Industrial Design, Traditional Knowledge, Geographical Indications, Protection of New GMOs; International framework for the protection of IP Biotechnology!&!the!law:!objective,!evolution,!basic!structure!of!gene!techniques,!applications,!commercial!potential!of!biotech!inventions,!rational!for!IPR!protection.!Unit II Concept of ‘prior art’!Patenting! biotech! inventions:! objectives,! concept! of! novelty,!concept! of! inventive! step,! microorganisms,! and! moral! issues!in!patenting! biotech! inventions; Patent databases; Searching International Databases; Country-wise patent searches (USPTO, EPO, India etc.); Analysis and report formation
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!Unit III: Patent filing and Infringement. Patent application- forms and guidelines, fee structure, time frames; Types of patent applications: provisional and complete specifications; PCT and convention patent applications; International patenting-requirement, procedures and costs; Financial assistance for patenting-introduction to existing schemes; Publication of patents- gazette of India, status in Europe and US!Patenting by research students, lecturers and scientists- University/organizational rules in India and abroad, credit sharing by workers, financial incentives!Patent infringement- meaning, scope, litigation, case studies and examples!Unit IV Biosafety!Historical Background; Introduction to Biological Safety Cabinets; Primary Containment for Biohazards; Biosafety Levels of Specific Microorganisms; Recommended Biosafety Levels for Infectious
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!Agents and Infected Animals; Biosafety guidelines Government of India; Definition of GMOs & LMOs; Roles of Institutional Biosafety Committee, RCGM, GEAC etc. for GMO applications in food and agriculture; Environmental release of GMOs; Risk Analysis; Risk Assessment; Risk Management and communication.
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!!!http://www.w3.org/IPR/http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en http://www.ipr.co.uk/IP_conventions/patent_cooperation_treaty.html www.patentoffice.nic.inwww.iprlawindia.org/ - 31k - Cached - Similar page http://www.cbd.int/biosafety/background.shtml http://www.cdc.gov/OD/ohs/symp5/jyrtext.htm http://web.princeton.edu/sites/ehs/biosafety/biosafetypage/section3.h!tml
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PSBT!201!Metabolism!:!!1. Estimation of Niacin by the CNBr method. 2. Isolation of cholesterol and lecithin from egg yolks. 3. Effect of different types on stresses on plant growth using an appropriate plant model system. Stresses: Salinity, water stress, temperature stress (heat / cold), heavy and metal stress. Appropriate controls to be used and data analysed using appropriate software for analysis. 4. Isolation of Rhizobia from root nodules of leguminous plants. 5. Estimation of leghaemoglobin. 6. Proline estimation in germinated seeds with and without stress. 7. Estimation of phospholipids. 8. Assay of superoxide dismutase in salt stressed and normal plant. 9. Estimation of Ca++ / Zn++ by EDTA titrimetric method.!PSBT!202:!Immunology!1. In-vitro!demonstration! of! phagocytosis! and! calculating!phagocytic!index.!2. Demonstration!of!HLA!typing.!
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6.Video demonstration or field visit!!3. Latex! bead! agglutination! /! precipitation! test! for!detection! of!rheumatoid!factor!(RF).!4. Separation!of!lymphocytes!on!Ficoll6Histopaque,!viability!count!and!separation!of!B!and!T!lymphocytes!using!Fenwall!wool.!5. Assay!for!plaque!forming!cells.!a. Raising!antibodies!in!laboratory!animals!b. Cell!imaging!Techniques6!In vitro!and!In vivo;!Immuno6electron!microscopy;!In vivo!cell!tracking!techniques;!Microarrays.!PSBT!203:!Bioprocess!technology!1. Demonstration!of:!Plackett6Burman!design!for!formulation!of!fermentation!media.!2. Pigment!production!and!isolation!from!a!microbial!source!(yeast,!fungi!or!bacteria)!3. Physico6chemical!characterization!of!an!industrial!effluents.!4. Detection! of! different! food! enzymes! by! simple! tests! (amylase,!catalase,!invertase,!papain,!pectinase,!pepsin).!Reference!:!http://www.ableweb.org/volumes/vol66/106miller.pdf!
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!5. Study!of!pickling!process!(sauerkraut!/!pickled!cucumbers)!with!respect!to! physical,! chemical! /! biochemical! and! biological!changes!occurring!during!the!pickling!process.
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6.Video demonstration or field visit!!PSBT!204!IPR!&!Biosafety!1. Study! of! a! patent! and! developing! a! hypothetical! patent!application!for!a!hypothetical!product!/!process.!(To!be!submit!for!exam)!2. Writing!of!SOP!for!364!laboratory!equipment’s!/!instruments.!3. Use! of! Microsoft! PowerPoint! /! Corel! Draw! to! prepare! a! poster!(ideally!on!a!topic!to!be!pursued!for!Sem!IV!project,!otherwise!to!prepare!a!poster!on!a!paper!from!peer6reviewed!journal!no!more!than!5!years!old!6!to!be!brought!for!practical!exam!and!if!possible!presented!as!in!a!poster!presentation!at!a!conference)!4. Compilation!of!information!on!recommended!biosafety!practices!in!a!biotechnology!laboratory!(demonstration!by!field!visit!or!video)!