UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
Revised Syllabus for the M.A. & M.Sc.
Program: M.A. & M.Sc.
Course: Geography
(Semester IV)
(As per Choice based Credit System
with effect from the academic year 2017 2018)
Choice Based Credit System Syllabus, 2017-18
Total No. of Credits offered: 100
Electives offered in a particular academic year in each group could vary.
Semester is 15 weeks duration. Credits are defined for a semester
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Subject
CodeCourse TitleCreditsNo. of
Hours
401:A Compulsory Skill/ Enhancement Based Paper (any one)
1.Digital Image Processing
2.Thematic Cartography
3.Application of Remote Sensing Techniques in Geographical
Studies
4.Advanced Quantitative Techniques in Geography
5.Introduction to Programming Using Python
6.Geoinformatics for Urban and Regional Planning
7. Computer Cartography
8.Geographical Information System and Geographic
Knowledge System
9.Geoinformatics and Health Care
10.Geospatial Technologies and Management660+60+
120
402: B Interdisciplinary/Cross -disciplinary paper (any one)
1. Coastal Geomorphology
2. Micro-climatology
3. Geographical Perspective in Ocean Development
4. Geography of Water Resource Management
5. Geography of Soils with special reference to Tropics
6. Plant Geography with special reference to Tropics
7. Ecology and Environment
8. Spatial Perspectives in Environmental Planning and
Management.
9. Maritime Studies with special reference to India
10. Geography of Contemporary Agricultural with special
reference to India
11. Regional Planning and Development
12. Social Geography
13. Cultural Geography
14. Historical geography
15. Geography of Exclusion
16. Geography of Work Spaces
17. Geography of Media and Communications
18. Electoral Geography with special reference to India
19. Geography of Resources
20. Geography of Energy Resources
21. Geography of Hazards and Disaster Management
22. Globalizing Megacities with special reference to MMR
23. Geography of Knowledge and Power
24. Geography of Marketing and Consumption
25. Theoretical Geography
26.Development of Modern Geography660+60+
120
403 Dissertation 10
Group III (Data -based study on any branch of Geography)
100+100=
200
Total 22
University of Mumbai
M. A. / M. Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System
w. e. f. Academic Year 2017-18
Semester IV
Paper: 401 A 1- Digital Image Processing
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours: 60 + Notional Hours: 60= Total hours: 120
1: Introduction to Digital Image (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Digital image data: Spectral reflectance and radiance, brightness value and digital
number, signal to noise ratio, spectral sensitivity.
1.2 Vector data formats: binary and decimal numerical systems, data types ASCII, Binary,
TIGER.
1.3 Raster data structures: header, data and trailer files, raster data compression types
Lossless compressions: cell-by-cell encoding, Run-length encoding, Quad Tree; Lossy
compressions JPEG, MrSID, PNG.
1.4 Formats of Digital Images: Band Interleaved by Pixel, Band Interleaved by Line, Band
Sequential.
2: Digital image preprocessing /Types of errors and methods of correction
(Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Sensor errors and corrections: random pixels, line/column dropouts, line start problem;
correction methods: line (pixel) replacement, line average, adjusted line average.
2.2 Atmospheric errors and corrections: Absolute and relative corrections, de-hazing,
normalisation within scene and between dates, Conversion of Digital Number to
reflectance, reflectance to radiance, noise removal.
2.3 Geometric errors and corrections: types of errors - systematic, unsystematic corrections
Georeferencing, registration (image to image), ortho-rectification, true ortho-rectification.
2.4 Re sampling techniques:Nearest Neighbour, Bilinear Interpolation, Cubic Convulution.
3: Image Enhancements and Transformations (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Radiometric enhancements (Contrast stretching, histogram equalization, histogram
matching, piece wise stretching).
3.2 Spatial enhancements: Convolutions, High pass, low pass and band pass filters, edge
detection and edge enhancement filters.
3.3 Spectral enhancements: ratio images, Principal Component Analysis, Tasselled Cap,
Change detection.
3.4 Image Indices: SAVI, NDSII, LWM, NDWI, NDMI.
4: Image Classification, Level of Classification. (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Supervised classification: training sites, ground truthing, classifiers Minimum Distance
to
Mean, Mahalnobis distance, Maximum likelihood.
4.2 Accuracy assessment, covariance matrix, feature space
4.3 Unsupervised classification: ISODATA, regrouping, iterations.
4.4 Image differencing with classified images.
References:
1. Cambell, J. B. (2002): 'Introduction to Remote Sensing', Taylor & Francis, UK.
2. Duda, R. O. and Hart, P. E. (1973): Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis
Wiley, New York.
3. Gibson, P. J. (2000): 'Introduction to Remote Sensing - Digital Image Processing and
Applications', Routledge - Taylor & Francis.
4. Gibson, P. J. (2000): 'Introduction to Remote Sensing - Principles and Concepts',
Routledge - Taylor & Francis.
5. Gonzalez, R. C. and Wintz, P. (2010): Digital Image Processing, Prentice Hall, Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey.
6. Jain, A. K. (2012): Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Prentice Hall,
Information and System Sciences Series, Kailath, T. (Series Ed.).
7. Lilles and T. M. and. Kiefer, R. W. (2015): 'Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation',
John Wiley & Sons, Singapore.
8. Pratt, W. K. (2001): (3rdEd.) Digital Image Processing John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISBNs: 0-471-37407-5.
9. Russ, J. C. (1992): The Image Processing Handbook, CRC Press SIUE Library call #:
TA1632.R88 (reference).
10. Sabins (Jr.) F. F. (1986), 'Remote Sensing - Principles and Interpretation', W. H.
Freeman & Co., New York.
11. Sahu, K. C. (2008): Text Book of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information
System, Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
12. Schowengerdt, R. A. (2006): 'Remote Sensing - Models and Methods for Image
Processing', Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
13. Umbaugh, S. E. (2005): Computer Imaging: Digital Image Analysis and Processing ,
The
CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, January.
14. Umbaugh, S. E. (2011): Digital Image Processing and Analysis, 2ndEdition , The CRC
Press, Boca Raton, FL, January.
15. IEEE: Transactions on Image Processing
16. IEEE: Transactions on Neural Networks
17. IEEE: Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
18. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
19.International Journal of Remote Sensing.
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Choice Based Credit System
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-18
Semester IV
Paper 401 A 2- Thematic Cartography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction to Thematic Cartography (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Historical perspective - Conceptual, technological and institutional changes from post
World
War-I period
1.2 History of Cartography in India: past, present and future developments
1.3 Conceptual bases of Cartography: map as miniature model of reality.
1.4 Elements of Cartography, Changing role of maps
2. Acquisition of data for mapping (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Nature and sources of data
2.2 Sources of Data: Conventional
2.3. Sources of Data: Contemporary
2.4. Various GIS databases - Internet and World Wide Web.
3. Data processing and representation (Contact Hours 15)
3.1. Characteristics of data and levels of measurement
3.2. Concept of statistical surface, Statistical diagrams and maps interrelation.
3.3 Basic statistical and cartographic techniques of representing different features in thematic
Maps.
4. Production of maps: (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Techniques - Characteristics of map image -Drawing instruments, equipment and base
materials
4.2. Map projections: properties and Choice, Map design and layout, principles of
visualisation,
visual variables.
4.3. Computer cartography and automation: development of digital computers
4.4. Geographical Information Systems - Nature, structure and components of GIS database
Applications in cartography
Reference Books:
1. Crone, G. R. (1968): Maps and their Makers: An Introduction to the History of
Cartography, Hutchinson University Library, London.
2. Cuff, D. J. and M.T. Mattson (1982): Thematic Maps: Their design and Production,
Methuen and Company, New York.
3. Dickinson, G.C. (1977): Statistical Mapping and Presentation of Statistics, Edward Arnold
limited, London.
4. Heywood, Ian etal (1998) .An Introduction to Geographical Information Systems, Addison
Wesley Longman, Limited, England.
5. Keates. J S (1973): Cartographic Design and Production, 2 ndedn., Longman Group
Limited, London.
6. Keates, J.S. (1996): Understanding Maps, 2na Edn., Longman Group Limited, London.
7. Kraak, Menno-Jan and FerjanOrmeling (1996), Cartography Visualization of Spatial Data,
Addison Wesley Longman Limited, England.
8. McDonnell. P. W. Jr. (1979): Introduction to Map Projections, Marcel Dekker, Inc New
York and Basel.
9. Monmonier, Mark S. (1982), Computer-Assisted Cartography Principles and Prospects,
Prentice-Hall, Inc, London
10. Robinson, A.H. et al. (1995): Elements of Cartography, Vol.VI, John Wiley & Sons,
New York.
11. Sabins, Floyd F. (978): Remote Sensing: Principles and Interpretation, W.H. Freeman &
Co., San Francisco.
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Choice Based Credit System
w.e.f. academic year 2017-18
Semester IV
Paper: 401 A 3-Applications of Remote Sensing Techniques in Geographical Studies
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Application of Remote sensing (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Land Use/Land Cover and Wetland Mapping
1.2 Agriculture and Soil Mapping Applications
1.3 Water Resources Applications
1.4 Urban Planning Applications
2. Hyperspectral Remote sensing (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Hyperspectral Imaging: Hyperspectral Concepts, data collection systems, normalization,
Calibration techniques,
2.2 Data processing techniques; N-dimensional scatter plots, special angle mapping, Spectral
Mixture analysis, Spectral Matching, Mixture tuned matched filtering
2.3 Classification techniques, airborne and space borne Hyperspectral sensors
2.4 Hyper-spectral satellite systems: Sensors, orbit characteristics, description of satellite
Systems, data processing aspects, applications.
3. Aerial photography: (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Introduction to aerial camera, factors affecting image quality,
3.2 Types of aerial photographs Photographic resolution and radiometric Characteristics.
3.3 Fundamentals of photogrammetry: Introduction and definition Simple geometry of
3.4 Vertical aerial photograph Relief and tilt displacement Stereoscopy, parallax
Equation; flight planning Scale and height determination.
4 Principles and fundamentals of aerial photo interpretation (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Image analysis Elements, Fundamentals of satellite images analysis: Types of
Imagery, Visual image analysis, digital image analysis
4.2 Basic principles of thermal and microwave remote sensing.
Reference Books
1. Jenson, R.J. (2003): Remote Sensing of the Environment- An Earth Resources
Perspective, Pearson Education Series
2. American Society of Photogrammetry (1983): Manual of Remote Sensing, ASP Falls
Church, V.A.
3. Barrett, E.C. and Curtis, L.F.(1992): Fundamentals of Remote Sensing in Air Photo-
interpretation, McMillan, New York.
4. Campbell, J. (1989): Introduction to Remote Sensing, Guilford, New York.
5. Curran, Paul, J. (1988): Principles of Remote Sensing, Longman, London.
6. Hard, R.M. (1989): Digital Image Processing of Remotely Sensed data, Academic
Press, New York.
7 George Joseph,2005):Fundamentals of Remote Sensing , Universities press (India) Private
Limited, Hyderabad.
8 Lillesand. T.M. and Kiefer R.W.(2002): Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, John
Wiley and sons Inc., New York.
9 Paul Curram P.J.,(2004) Principles of Remote Sensing , Longman, RLBS, 2003.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
W.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 A 4 -Advanced Quantitative Techniques in Geography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Scientific method in Geographical Explanation (Contact Hour 15)
1.1 What is explanation routes to explanation
1.2 Methods in geography
1.3 Data analysis in geography
1.4 Nature and characteristics of geographical data
2. Spatial Data Analysis (Contact Hour 15)
2.1 Defining Spatial sub disciplines- nature of spatial data- Obtaining spatial data data
quality
2.2 Exploratory spatial data analysis conceptual models visualization methods
numerical methods
2.3 Hypothesis testing and spatial auto correlation testing mean of the spatial data
test of bivariate associations chi-square tests for contingency tables
2.4 Modelling Spatial Data a. descriptive model - model for representing spatial
variations Hierarchical Bayesian models b. Explanatory models - classical
approach econometric approach- applications of linear modelling of spatial data
3 Spatial applications of test results (Contact Hour 15)
3.1 Regression analysis
3.2 Analysis of variance- One way and two way ANOVA
3.3 ANCOV A
3.4 MANCOV A
4 Multivariate techniques of analysis and synthesis (Contact Hour 15)
4.1 Factor analysis: basic concepts, Derivation of factors and their labelling,
Interpretation of factor extracts
4.2 Derivation of factor scores, Mapping and Interpretation of the scores
4.3 Cluster analysis: basic concepts, Derivation of clusters, Interpretation of cluster
results
4.4 Mapping of clusters, Interpretation of the cluster maps
References:
1. Burt, J. E. and Barber, G.M. (1996): Elementary Statistics for Geographers , The
Guilford Press, New York.
2. Clark, W.A.V . and Hosking, P.C. (1986): Statistical Methods for Geographers , John
Wiley and Sons, New York.
3. Ebdon, D. (1977): Statistics in Geography , Basil Blackwell, London. 53
4. Gregory, S. (1963): Statistical Methods and the Geographer , Longman Group Ltd.,
London.
5 Haining Robert (2003) Spatial Data Analysis: Theory and practice, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge
6. Killen, J. (1983): Mathematical Programming Methods for Geographers and Croom
Helm, London.
7. Levin, J. (1973), Elementary Statistics in Social Research , Harper & Row, New York.
8. Mahamood, A. (1977): Statistical Methods in Geographical Studies , Rajesh Publications,
New Delhi.
9. Norcliff, G. B. (1982), Inferential Statistics for Geographers , Hutchinson, London.
10 Sarkar Ashish (2013) Quantiative Geography: Techniques and presentation , Orient
blackswan, New Delhi.
11. Taylor, P.J. (1977), Quantitative Methods in Geography , Houghton Mifflin Company,
Boston.
12. Watson, G. and McGraw, D. (1980), Statistical Inquiry , John Wiley & Sons, New
York.
13. Yeates, M. (1974), An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis in Human Geography ,
McGraw Hill, New York.
14. Cressie, N. (1991): Statistics for Spatial Data , John Wiley and Sons, New York.
15. Duncan, O.D., Cuzzort, R.P.and Duncan, B.(1961): Statistical Geography: Problems in
Analysing Spatial Data , The Free Press of Glenco, Illinois.
16. Hammerton, M.(1975): Statistics for the Human Sciences , Longman Group Ltd.,
Barlow.
17. Till, R. (1974): Statistical Methods for the Earth Scientist , The MacMillan Press Ltd.,
London.
18. Wicox, R. R. (2003), Applying Contemporary Statistical Techniques , Academic press,
Amsterdam.
19. Wilson, A.G. and Bennet, R. J. (1985), Mathematical Methods in Human Geography
and Planning , John Wiley & Sons, New York.
University of Mumbai
M. A. / M. Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System
w. e. f. Academic Year 2017-18
Semester IV
Paper: 401 A 5- Introduction to programming using Python
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction to Programming and Python (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 The way of the program: Development of Python, Low-level language, Interpreter and
Compiler, Types of errors, Formal and natural languages, The first Python program,
Debugging. Python 2 / 3 differences [ Reading Chapter 1 from [1] ]
1.2 Variables, expressions and statements: Values and types, variables, variable names
and keywords, operators and operands, expressions and statements, order of operations,
string operations, comments, interactive mode and script mode. [Reading: Chapter 2 from
[1]]
1.3 Conditional statements: Boolean expressions, Logical operators, Conditional execution,
Chained and nested conditionals, [Reading: Chapter 5 from [1]]
1.4 Function: Definition, Parameters and arguments, Global and local variables, Composition
and recursion, [Reading: Chapter 3 and 6 from [1]]. Iterations: While and for loop, break
statement. [Reading: Chapter 7 from [1]].
2. Data Structures (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Introduction to PYQGIS: Python console in QGIS, Using PyQGIS in scripts.
Reading: [Chapter 1 from [3]].
2.2 Python Data Structures: Strings, Dictionaries, Tuple and Lists
[Reading: Chapter 8, 10, 11, and 12 from [1]].
2.3 File Handling: Reading and writing in files. [Reading: Chapter 14 from [1]].
2.4 Classes and Objects: Objects and object-oriented programming, Classes, Operators
overloading, Polymorphism, Inheritance. [Reading: Chapter 15, 17, and 18 from [1]].
3. Vector Data Processing with Python (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Reading and writing vector data with OGR: Introduction to OGR, Reading vector data
: accessing specific features, and displyaing data, writing vector data: Creating new data
sources and new fields, Updating existing data. [Reading: Chapter 3 from [2]]
3.2 Filtering data with OGR: Attribute filters, Spatial filters, Using SQL to create temporary
layers. [Reading: Chapter 5 from [2]].
3.3 Manipulating geometries with OGR: Working with points, lines, and polygons. [Reading:
Chapter 6 from [2]].
3.4 Using spatial reference systems: OSR and pyproj. [Reading: Chapter 8 from [2]].
4. Raster Data Processing with Python (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Reading and writing raster data with GDAL: Introduction to GDAL, Reading writing and
Resampling raster data with GDAL. [Reading: Chapter 9 from [2]].
4.2 Working with raster data: Ground control points, Converting pixel coordinates,
Histograms, Attribute tables, Virtual raster format. [Reading: Chapter 10 from [2]].
4.3 Map algebra with NumPy and SciPy [Reading: Chapter 11 from [2]].
4.4 Visualizing data with Matplotlib: Introduction to Matplotlib, Plotting vector data, Plotting
raster data, Plotting 3D data. [Reading: Chapter 13 from [2]].
References:
1. Allen Downey. Think python. http://greenteapress.com/thinkpython/ thinkpython.pdf,
2012.
2. Chris Garrard. Geoprocessing with Python." Manning Publications ", 2016.
3. Fabrizio Roman. Learning Python , 2015 Packt Publishing, Birmingham-Mumbai
4. QGIS Community. Pyqgis developer cookbook.http://docs.qgis.org/2.14/pdf/ en/QGIS-
2.14- PyQGISDeveloperCookbook-en.pdf, accessed 25-Feb-2017.
5.Shell Scott M. An introduction to numpy and scipypy. https://engineering.ucsb.
edu/ ~shell/che210d/numpy.pdf, accessed 25-Feb-2017.
6. John VGuttag. Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python,
Prentice Hall of India
7. Sinan Kalkan. Introduction to Programming Concepts with Case Studies in Python ,
Springer Wien Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London
8. Erik Westra. (20130: Python Geospatial Development, Second Edition, Packt Publishing,
Web References:
1. Introduction to Computer Programming
2.http://cims.nyu.edu/~kapp/courses/cs0002fall2014/syllabus.php
3. Introduction to Computer Programming Spring 2017
4.https://www.cs.uky.edu/~keen/115/syllabus/root.html
5. For Errors: https://docs.python.org/release/3.0/contents.html
6. AUTOMATE THE BORING STUFF WITH PYTHON :
https://automatetheboringstuff.com/
7. "Python Programming", http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Python_Programming ,
8.https://docs.python.org/release/3.0/tutorial/index.html
9. Building a Basic GUI in Python with Tkinter and wxPython
http://sebsauvage.net/python/gui/
10. Tkinter Python Interface to Tcl/Tk
https://docs.python.org/2/library/tkinter.html
11. Python Scripting (PyQGIS)
http://www.qgistutorials.com/en/index.html
12. PYQGIS DEVELOPER COOKBOOK
http://docs.qgis.org/testing/en/docs/pyqgis_developer_cookbook/
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Credit Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 401 A 6- Geoinformatics for Urban and Regional Planning
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction to Urban Planning (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 GIS in Urban Planning: Urban Planning stages and system, basic concepts and principles,
GIS for decision support in urban planning and management.
1.2 Urban spatial data: scales of data (city-level, building level data), required attributes and
types of remote sensing data, urban data updation with remote sensing techniques.
1.3 Spatial Database Organization for Urban Planning: Land record information, cadastral
maps, development plans, master plans, GPS surveys, remote sensing data.
1.4 Integration of data from different sources: data warehousing, Web GIS, cloud computing
and big data. Spatial data validation.
2. Geoinformatics and Urban Planning (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Network Analysis: optimum route analysis, for planning of transpiration lines, pipelines
and
cables. location-allocation function distribution of facilities
2.2 Proximity Analysis, Nearest neighbor analysis, spatial autocorrelation, spatial
interpolation.
2.3 Satellite image classification and change detection: urban landuse-landcover, levels of
details
of classification and types of images.
2.4 Site suitability analysis Spatial Multi-criteria Analysis for introducing new facilities,
identification of suitable sites.
3. Urban challenges and Application of Geoinformatics (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Land valuation: defining criteria for land value determination with GIS, gaps between
actual and official value of land, mapping changes in land values and infrastructure, GIS
modeling and simulation of various scenarios.
3.2 Urban housing: types of housing, standard of housing, vertical and horizontal expansion
and related issues, building height determination digital aerial photographs, LIDAR
data.
3.3 Urban safety and security: distribution of police stations and crimes; distribution of fire
stations and population density, road connectivity.
3.4 Prediction of urban landuse-land cover :Marchov chain, regression model using remote
sensing data; 3 D city modeling, E-governance and GIS.
4Regional Planning and Geoinformatics (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Regional Planning: Definition, objectives, scope and related issues, scale of planning,
types of regions, delineation of regions , industrial , agro-climatic and city regions,
special zones and corridors.
4.2 Tools of regional planning: spatial scale of planning, need for large, medium and small
scale maps and images. Challenges of data integration.
4.3 Data sources and platforms : Digital data in public domain, National digital data portals,
BHUVAN.
4.4 Regional planning in India: industrial regions, agro-climatic regions and city regions in
India Case studies.
References :
1. Bernhardsen, Tor(2002): Geographical Information Systems: An Introduction
(3rdEdition), John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.
2. Burrough, P.A. and McDonnell, R.A. (1998): Principles of Geographical Information
System, Oxford University Press, New York.
3. Clarke, Keith C. (1998) : Getting Started with Geographic Information Systems,
Prentice-
Hall Series in Geogl.Info. Science, Prentice-Hall, Inc. N.J.
4. Deakin, M. (2013): Smart Cities, E-book, ISBN 9780203076224.
5. Fleming, Cory, (2005), The GIS Guide for Local Government Officials, International
City/CountyManagement association(ICMA),ESRI Press, Redlands, California
6. Hall, P. and Tewdwr, M. ( 2010): Urban and Regional Planning (5thEdition),
7. Huxhold, William E. (1991): An Introduction to Urban Geographical
InformationSystems, Oxford University Press, New York.
8. Markandey, K. and simhadri, S. (2009): Urban Environment and Geoinformatics,
Rawat Publications. ISBN 10-8131602567, 13-978-8131602560.
9. Martin, D. (1996): Geographical Information Systems: Socio-economic Applications,
(2ndEdition), Routlege, London and New York.
10. Masser, Ian (1998): Government and Geographical Information Systems,Taylor &
Francis Group, London
11. Morain, Star (1998): GIS Solutions in Natural Resource management: balancing the
Technical-Political Equations, Onward Press, London.
12. Nathawat MS (ed), (2008), Geoinformatics for Decentralized Planning and
Governance, Rawat Publications, Jaipur
13. Nyerges, T. and Jankowaski, P. (2010): Regional and Urban GIS: A Decision Support
Approach; Rawat Publication. ISBN: 9788131603697, 8131603695.
14. Obermeyer, Nancy J. and Jeffrey K. Pinto (1995): Managing Geographical
Information Systems, The Guilford Press, New york.
15. Pamuk, Ayse, (2006), Mapping Global Cities: GIS Methods in Urban Analysis, ESRI
Press, Redlands, California.
16. Pickles, John (Ed.) (1995): Ground Truth : The Social Implications of Geographical
Information Systems, The Guilford Press, New York.
17. Scholten, H.J. and Stillwell, C.H. (Edts.): Geographical Information Systems for
Urban and Regional Planning, ISBN: 978-90-481-4071-8 (Print), 978-94-
017-1677-2 (Online).
18. Subudhi, A.P., et.al. (2001), Remote Sensing and GIS: Applications inUrban and
Regional Planning, IIRS, Dehradun.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) Syllabus
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
401:A 7- Computer Cartography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. An overview of development of digital computer systems (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Progressive and adaptation of hardware and software for handling and display of
spatial data
1.2 Principles of mapping: fundamental attributes of maps
1.3 Elements of map design and layout, scale, techniques of representation and
Symbolization.
1.4 Map projections: properties and choice , Map as medium of communication
2. Data source and Basic analytic Geometry (Contact Hours 15)
2.1. Sources of data for mapping: traditional and modern sources -Integration of
data from different sources
2.2. Cartesian coordinates, vector matrices
2.3. Spatial data structures, topology building, file structures, graphs and trees
2.4. Basic statistical techniques for processing and organisation of data Conversion into
mappable form.
3. Data conversion and preprocessing (Contact Hours 15)
3.1. Conversion of spatial data into digital form
Characteristics of digital data, line and area encoding
3.2. Vector and raster formats: their implications for input, processing and storage
3.3. Manual, semi-automated and automated procedures for input of spatial data.
4. Processing, classification and trends (Contact Hours 15)
4.1. Processing and output of spatial data, computer assisted procedures for
representation of point, line and area data
4.2. Linking of attribute data with corresponding objects
4.3. Recent trends in computer cartography -Impact of Geographical Information
System
4.4. Dynamic and animated maps, three dimensional analytic geometry
Internet Web-based cartography Future potentials
References:
1.Clarke, K. C. (1998) : Analytical and Computer Cartography, Pearson Educational
Company, New Jersey.
2. Harvey, F. (2009): Primer of GIS: Fundamental Geo. & Cartographic Concepts,
Rawat Publications, Jaipur
3.Jones, C. B. (1997): Geographical Information Systems and Computer Cartography,
Addison Wesley Longman Limited, England.
4. Kraak, M. J. and A. Brown (1996) : Web Cartography: Developments and Prospects,
Addison Wesley Longman Limited, England.
5. Mather, P. M. (1976): Computers in Geography: A Practical Approach, Basil Blackwell,
Hampshire.
6.Monmonier, M. S. (1982) : Computer-Assisted Cartography: Principles and Prospects,
Prentice-Hall, Inc., London.
6. Robinson, A. H. et al (1995): Elements of Cartography, V ol.6, John Wiley and Sons,
New York.
7. Saxena, S. (1998): A First Course in Computers, Vikas Publishing House, U.S.B.
Publishers and Distributors Ltd., New Delhi.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Credit Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper 401 A 8- Geo-informatics and Health Care
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1.Health care and Geoinformatics (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Insight and scope of healthcare in Geoinformatics environment
1.2 Health care planning and Geo-Information, Global health policy
1.3 Spatial and non-spatial factors
1.4 Role of GIS and Remote Sensing for health care planners
2. Geoinformatics and database for health care (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 GIS data base for diseases- : spatial and non-spatial
2.2 Remote Sensing as a source for health related information
2.3 Vector and raster data for health care , techniques for analysis
2.4 GIS model for healthcare accessibility plume model , star model
3. GIS, healthcare, , technologies and surveillance (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Public health and geo-information system
3.2. Health care and GIS and GPS
3.3 Socio-demographic determinants and GIS initiatives
3.4. GIS and spatial Epidemiology
4. GIS applications for health care (Contact Hours 15)
4.1. GIS and environmental risk factor analysis
4.2. Spatio-temporal approach and spatial statistics for creation of habitat suitability
4.3 Geoinformatics as a decision support system for prevention of epidemic disease
4.4. Web-based GIS for control of communicable diseases
References:
1.Bracken, I, and Webstar, C,(1990):Information Technology, Geography and Planning,
Routledge, London and New York
2.Pickles, John (Ed.) (1995): Ground Truth : The Social Implications of Geographical
Information Systems, The Guilford Press, New York.
3.Ahmad,S, Sais.S, and Muddassir, S.M. (2011):Remote sensing and GIS for
Environmental Management, World Education, Delhi
4.Birkin,M et al,(1996): Intelligent GIS: Location Decisions and Strategic Planning,
Geoinformation International, Cambridge, UK.
5. Dantas,Anandi,(2011): Mapping of urban Health Facilities in Maharashtra, Centre for
Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes(CEHAT), Mumbai
6.Masser, Ian (1998): Government and Geographical Information Systems,
Taylor & Francis Group, London.
7.SteinBerg, S.J., and Steinberg, S.L.,(2006): Geographic Information Systems for
Social Sciences: Investigating Space and Place, Sage Publications, California.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Credit Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 401 A 9- Geo-spatial Technologies and Management
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction to Geospatial Technology: (Contact Hours 15)
1.1. Organisation and management of geospatial data, spatial data infrastructure,
important geospatial technologies
1.2. Coordinates and coordinate systems, Datums and geodetic systems, Coordinate
transformations
1.3. Datums and geodetic systems
1.4. Introducing the Global Positioning System, GPS signals and data
2. Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (Contact Hours 15)
2.1. Definition and scope, history of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
2.2. Principle, Remote Sensing, data acquisition, Remote Sensing data analysis Methods and
systematic organisation
2.3. Advantages and limitations
2.4. Digital Image processing
3. Geographic Information Systems (Contact Hours 15)
3.1. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and science,
3.2. Geographic Information Systems, Geographic data structures, data validity and
organisation
3.3. Geospatial data analytical techniques
3.4. Spatial data modelling, management
4. Applications of Geospatial Technology (Contact Hours 15)
4.1. Strategy for testing, evaluation and implementation- examples
4.2. Social and institutional context
4.3. Approaches to geographic measurement, contemporary techniques with examples
4.4. Geospatial technology for spatial decision support system and management
References :
1. Reddy, A. Textbook of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems,
B.S. Publication.
2. Demers, M. Fundamentals of GIS , John Wiley & Sons Inc.
3. Goodchild. M.F, et.al.:Environmental Modeling with GIS
4. Arnoff,S.:Geographic Information Systems: A Management Perspective
5. Burrough, P, and Frank, A. U., (1996): Geographic Objects with indeterminate
Boundaries, Taylor and Francis, London, UK
6. Cromley, R. (1992):Digital Cartography, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs,
New Jersey
7. Iliffe,J, (2006): Datums and Map Projections for Remote Sensing , GIS and Surveying,
Whittles Publishing, London.
8. Jones, Christopher B. (1997): Geographical Information Systems and Computer
Cartography, Addison Wesley Longman Limited, UK.
9. Molenaar,M,(1998): An Introduction to the Theory of Spatial Object Modelling for
GIS,Taylor and Francis, Ltd, London, UK
10. Panigrahi,N, (2008):Geographical Information Science, University Press, Hyderabad.
11. Petersen, M.P.,(1995):Interactive and Animated Cartography, Prentice Hall,
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
12. Shekhar,S, and Chawla, S.,(2009):Spatial Databases: A Tour, Pearson Education,
New Delhi.
13. Wang,F.(2006): Quantitative Methods and Applications in GIS, Taylor and
Francis,NewYork.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper - 402: B1- Coastal Geomorphology
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Morphodynamics of coastal systems (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Meaning, Nature and Content of coastal geomorphology
1.2 Models in coastal geomorphology, feedback, thresholds and equilibrium
1.3 Coastal classification schemes of Johnson, Shephard; Hayes (1979), and Darlymple,
Zaitlin and Boyd (1992).
1.4 Paleoenvironmental analysis and dating coastal landforms
2. Coastal processes (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Ocean waves: Types, characteristics, propagation, refraction, and reflection; wave
spectrum.
2.2 Wave induced near-shore currents and sediment movement.
2.3 Tides: Types and tide generating forces; tidal theories, tidal characteristics in open
coasts, bays and estuaries.
2.4 Sea level variations: Causes and consequences; Pre-Quaternary and Quaternary,
isostatic adjustments and present sea level trends.
3. Coastal morphology (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Morphology of rocky coasts: Morphodynamic evolution of cliff and platform,
polygenetic rocky coasts and the role of inheritance.
3.2 Morphology of sandy coasts: Changes in beach platform and profile, dune building
phases, beach-dune interaction.
3.3 Morphology of muddy coasts: Morphodynamic evolution of tidal flats and salt marshes,
tidal inlets and their role in sedimentation.
3.4 Morphology of deltaic and estuarine coasts: Morphodynamic evolution of deltas and
estuaries, delta-front processes and estuarine hydrodynamics and their role in deltaic-
estuarine sedimentation.
4. Anthropogenic impacts on coasts (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Coastal erosion prevention structures: Classification and impacts.
4.2 Coastal pollution and saltwater incursion: Sources and management
4.3 Dune encroachment: Types and impacts.
4.4 Integrated coastal management plan: Implementation, monitoring and evaluation;
Coastal Regulation Zones; Coastal reclamation and effects with special reference to
Mumbai.
References:
1. Ahmed, E. (1972): Coastal Geomorphology of India, Orient Longmans, Delhi
2. Bird, E.C.F. (1984): Coasts An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology,
Australian National University Press, Canberra.
3. Bird, E.C. (2000): Coastal Geomorphology: An Introduction. John Wiley and Sons,
Chichester.
4. Bird, E.C. (2002): Geomorphology: A systematic analysis of late Cenozoic
landforms, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.
5. Bloom, A.L. (2002): Geomorphology (3rdEd.) Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.
6. Davis J L (1980): Geographical variation in coastal development, Longman,
New York
7.Embelton and Thornes (1979): Process in geomorphology, Arnold, London
8. Fairbridge, R (1968): Encyclopaedia of Geomorphology
9. Goudie, A.S. (2004) (Eds.). Encyclopaedia of Geomorphology, Routledge,
London.
10.Hails J and Carr A (1975): Nearshore sediment dynamics and sedimentation,
Wiley, London
11. Johnson, D.W. (1965): Shore Processes and Shoreline Development, Hanfer,
New York.
12. Kale V .S. and Gupta, A. (2001): Introduction to Geomorphology, Orient
Longman, Calcutta.
13. Karlekar, S. N. (2016): Coastal geomorphology of India, Aparna Publication,
Pune
14. Karlekar, S. N. (2009): Coastal processes and landforms, Aparna Publication, Pune
15. Karlekar, S.N. (1993): Coastal geomorphology of Konkan, Aparna Publication,
Pune
16. King, C.A.M. (1972): Beaches and Coasts, Edward Arnold, London.
17. Masselink G, Hughes M G (2003): Introduction to coastal processes and geomorphology,
Arnold, London
18. Pethick John (1984): An introduction to coastal geomorphology, Arnold Heinemann,
London
19. Tooley M J and Shennan I (1987): Sea level changes ,Basil Blackwell, Oxford ,U K.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Paper: 402 B 2- Micro Climatology
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Microclimatology : (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Definition, scope and content
1.2 Relevance in applied climatology
2. Factors affecting microclimate - Physical : (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Elevation, slope and aspect
2.2 Proximity to water body
2.3 Types of climate: mountain, valley, coastal - Indian examples.
3. Impact of vegetation : (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Variations inlight, temperature, humidity, wind, rainfall
3.2 Microclimatic conditions of forests, grasslands, barren areas
4. Climate and man : (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Urban areas urban temperatures heat island causes and effects, changes in
humidity, precipitation, wind environments
4.2 Industrial centres pollution and its impact Issues and problems
4.3 Climatic approach to housing design - Surface and building materials and
their impact
4.4 House-types in relation to climate
References:
1. Mather,J.R.(1974):Climatology: Fundamentals and Applications, McCraw Hill
Book Co., U.S.A.
2. Matthews, W. H., Kellogg, W., Robinson, G.D. (1971): Man s Impact on
Climate, M.I.T.Press Design Dept.U.S.A.
3. Rosenberg, N.J., Blad, B.L., Verma, S.B.(1983): Micro-climate Biological
Environment, John Wiley & Sons, U.S.A.
4. Subrahmanyam, V .P.(1983): Contributions to Indian Geography Part IV
AppliedClimatology, Heritage Publishing, New Delhi.
5. Geiger, R.(1966): The Climate near the ground, Harvard University Press,
Cambridge.
6. Bach, W., Pankrath, J., Kellogg, W.(1979):Man's Impact on Climate, Elsevier,
Scientific Publishing Company, New York.
7. Lvovich, M.I., (2010): Climatology, Hydrology, Glaciology, John Wiley and Sons,
London
8. Smith, K. (1978): Principles of Applied Climatology, McGraw Hill Books Co. Ltd.,
U.K.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 3 - Geographical Perspective on Ocean Development
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1.Introduction (Contact
1.1 History of oceanography, Origin of earth s atmosphere and ocean
1.2 Morphology of Ocean basin- Pacific, Atlantic, Indian
1.3. Oceanic sediments-types and distribution
1.4. Ocean as a resource- fresh water ecology, fisheries, minerals, transport,
2. Ocean-Atmospheric system (Contact 15 Hours)
2.1. Energy transfer mechanisms, World energy balance
2.2. Circulation in major oceans: surface, subsurface and deep water circulation
2.3.Tides and waves: Types of tidal patterns, Tidal theory, Wave dynamics: Origin and
characteristics
2.4. El-Nino, South Oscillation, L-Nina and their impacts
3. Biotic and Abiotic Environment of Ocean (Contact 15 Hours)
3.1. Biotic ocean resources: Flora and Flora
3.2. Ecological factors of productivity- Horizontal and vertical distribution
3.3. Energy resource: Tidal, thermal, Fossil fuel
3.4. Human impact of ocean environment: Overfishing- Pollution of oceanic waters-
causes and impact - measures
4. Significance of Ocean (Contact 15 Hours)
4.1. Laws of sea: Territorial waters, exclusive economic zone, international waters, islands:
continental and oceanic, their significance
4.2. Problems associated with island ecosystems
4.3. Geological and strategic importance of Oceans with special reference to Indian Ocean
4.4. Strategic and economic significance of Indian Ocean Islands
References:
1.Allan P Trujillo and Herold V Thurman (2012): Essentials of Oceanography,
PHI learning Private Limited, New Delhi
2.Bhatt, J.J. (1978): Exploring the Planet Ocean, D. Von Nostrand Co., New York.
3.Birla Economic Research Foundation, Economic Research Division(1992):
The Oceans, allied Publishers Ltd., New Delhi.
4.Chandra, S. and others (eds.)(1993): The Indian Ocean and its Islands: Strategic,
Scientific and Historical Perspectives , Sage Publications, New Delhi.
5.Couper, A.D. (1972): Geography of Sea Transport, Hutchinson University
Library, London.
6. Sharma, R.C.(ed)(1985): The Oceans: Realities and Prospects, Rajesh
Publications, New Delhi.
7. Sengupta, R. and Desai, E. (eds.)(2001): The Indian Ocean: A Perspective
Vol., I and II, Oxford and IBH Publishing Company Private Limited, New Delhi.
8. Paul, P.R. (1998): Invitation to Oceanography, Jones and Bartlett Publishing,
Sudbury, Massachusetts.
9. Rajgopalan, R. (ed)(1996): Voices for Oceans, A Report to the Independent
World Commission on the Oceans, International Ocean Institute, Operational
Centre, Madras, India.
10. Qasim, S.Z.(1998): Glimpses of Indian Ocean, Universities Press (India)
Limited, Hyderabad.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B4-Geography of Water Resources Management
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction (Contact Hours 15)
1.1. Water as a resource to human society- changing perspective in uses of water.
1.2. Source of water: hydrological cycle-catchment area of river basin methods
of water storage
1.3. Human interference and climatic disturbances
1.4. Effects of droughts and floods-los ses
2. Water Availability and Water situation (Contact Hours 15)
2.1. Water uses in rural areas and associated problems
2.2. Water uses in urban areas and associated problems
2.3. Contemporary water wars Global and Indian context- water politics in
Maharashtra-
2.4. Right to water - role of Government and NGO s in mitigating water conditions
3. Water Resource Management in India (Contact Hours 15)
3.1. Need and methods for conservation of water resources
3.2. Water Future: Challenges and Strategies Development I India
3.3. National water Policy- Integrated water resource development Action Plan
3.4. Urban Hydrological cycle, urban surface runoff models: Management and
Quality Models.
4.Application of Advanced Geographical Techniques for Water resources
management and Development (Contact Hours 15)
4.1. Spectral properties of water- Geoinformatics based site selection for river
valley Projects, surface water harvesting structures: check dam, Nala bunds,
subsurface dykes etc.
4.2. Application of remote sensing in hydro geomorphological interpretation for
Ground water exploration, Water Quality monitoring through remote sensing.
4.3. Urban Hydrological cycle, urban surface runoff models: Management and
Quality Models. GIS applications in water resources development and
management.
4.4. Flood and Drought hazard assessment and risk analysis using RS and GIS
References:
1. Iyer, R.R. (2003): Water: Perspectives, Issues and Concerns, Sage, New Delhi.
2. Mather, J. R. (1984): Water Resources Distribution, Use and Management, John
Willey, Maryland.
3. Michael, A.M. (1978): Irrigation: Theory and Practice, Vikas Publishing Home
Private Limited, New Delhi.
4. Todd, D.K. (1959): Ground Water Hydrology, John Wiley, New York.
5. Pereira, H.C. (1973): Landuse and Water Resources, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
6. Kates, R.W. and Burton, I (eds.)(1980): Geography, Resource and Environment,
Ottawa.
7. Singh, R.A. and Singh, S. K. (1979): Water Management: Principles and Practice,
Tara Publications, Varanasi.
8. White, G.F.L. (1977): Environmental Effects of Complex River Development,
Westrirer Press, Boulder, Colorado.
9.Brundtland, H. (1987): Our Common Future, Oxford University Press, Oxford for
the World Commission on Environment and Development.
10.Agarwal, A. and Narain, S. (eds.)(1997): The State of India's Environment 1996-97:
The Fourth Citizen's Report, Dying Wisdom:Rise, Fall and Potential of India's
Traditional Water Harvesting Systems, Centre for Science and Environment,
New Delhi.
11. Mishra, A. (1993): AajBhiKhare Hai Talab, Gandhi Peace Foundation, New Delhi.
12.Hengeveld, H. and C. De Voch.t (Ed) (1982):, Role of Water in Urban Ecology,.
13.Overtens D.E. and Meadows M.E., (1976): Storm Water Modelling, Academic Press,
New York,
14.John G Lyon, (2003): GIS for Water Resources and Watershed Management, CRC
Press LLC
15.K.Kovar& H.P. Nachtnebel, (1996): Application of Geographic Information Systems
inHydrology and Water Resources Management, International Associationof
Hydrological Sciences
16.Schultz, G. A. and Engman, E. T.( 2000): Remote Sensing in Hydrology and Water
Management, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
17.Dutta, D., Sharma, J.R. and Adiga, S. (2002). Watershed characterization,
Development planning, and monitoring- Remote sensing approaches, Tech. Report,
ISRO- NNRMSTR-103-2002.
18.Manual of Remote Sensing, vol-II, Chapter on Water Resources Assessment . American
Society of Photogrammtery.
19. Murthy, J. V . S. (1994): Watershed Management in India. Wiley Eastern Ltd., New
Delhi.
20.Schultz, G. A. and Engman, E. T.( 2000): Remote Sensing in Hydrology and Water
Management, Springer-Verlag, Berlin,Germany.
21. AmitaBaviskar (ed.) (2007): Waterscapes The Cultural Politics of a Natural
Resource, Permanent Black Himalaya ,Ranikhet , Uttaranchal, India.
22. Arun Kumar Singh (June 2004): Privatization Of Rivers in India. Published by Vikas
Adhyayan Kendra, Malad, Mumbai.
23. Sanjay Sangvai (ed) (2000): The River and Life- People s Struggle in the Narmada
Valley Earthcare Books, Mumbai.
24. ShripadDharmadhikari, (2002): Water: Private Limited- Fundamental Issues in
Privatisation and Corporatisation of Water in India, Manthan Adhyayan Kendra,
Badwani.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
W.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 5 - Geography of Soils with Special Reference to Tropics
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Pedology: (Contact hours 15)
1.1 Scope and content
1.2 Significance in geographical studies
1.3 Multidisciplinary nature
1.4 Relevance in environmental geomorphology
2. Process of Soil formation: (Contact hours 15)
2.1 Soil formers - Physical: parent rock, time, topography and climate
2.2 Role of biotic factors
2.3 Soil profile - idealized profile - soil profile of tropical soils
2.4 Concept of soil catena
3. Properties, characteristics and constituents of soils: (Contact hours 15)
3.1 Texture, structure, pore space, bulk density, tilth
3.2 Soil constituents - organic and inorganic matter, soil organisms, soil air and water
3.3-Soil fertility in tropics - nutrients, soil capability, suitability and productivity
4. Conservation and management of tropical soils: (Contact hours 15)
4.1 Soil degradation and erosion - causes and consequences
4.2 Methods of conservation
4.3 Trends in farming techniques Vermiculture , organic fertilizers, bio-pesticides, drip
Irrigation.
References:
1. Bridges,E. M. (1970): World Soils, Cambridge University Press, U.K.
2. Daji, J .A.(1970): A Text Book of Soil Science, Asia Publication House, Mumbai.
3. De, N.K. and Sarkar, H.K.(l993): Soil Geography, Sribhumi Publishing Company,
Calcutta.
4. Dohahue, E.L., et. al., (1987): Soils: An Introduction to Soil and Plant Growth, Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi.
5. Foth, H.D. & Turk, L.M.(l972): Fundamentals of Soil Science, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
Canada.
6. Pitty, A.F. (1978): Geography and Soil Properties, Methuen and Co. Ltd., London.
7. Paton, T. R., Humphreys, G.S., Mitchell, P. B. (1995): Soils: A New Global View, U.C.L.
Press, London.
8. Datye, V .S. et. al. (ed.)(1987): Explorations in the Tropics, Prof. K. R. Dikshit Fel.
V ol., Pune. _
9. Foth, H.D. & Schafer, F.W.(l980): Soil Geography and Landuse, John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., Canada.
10.. Raychaudhari, S.P. (1958): Soils of India, ICAR, New Delhi.
11. U.S. Department of Agriculture (1957): Soil, The Year Book of Agriculture, New York.
12. Miller, R.W. et. al., (1995): Soil in Our Environment, Prentice Hall, U.S.A.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 6-Plant Geography with Special Reference to Tropics
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Plant Geography as a discipline: (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Evolution as a discipline, scope and content
1.2 Links with other disciplines
1.3 Relevance to Geography
1.4 Recent trends and need for phytogeographical research
2. Tropical vegetation (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Distinguishing characteristics
2.2 Indigenous and exotic flora
2.3 Bio-diversity of the tropics
3. Major plant formations of the tropics: (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Terrestrial - forests, grasslands, deserts
3.2 Marine and aquatic mangroves, coastal
3.3 Vegetation types of India
4. Conservation and Management of tropical vegetation: (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Degradation and depletion of tropical vegetation
4.2 Need for conservation and management
4.3 Methods - protected area network effectiveness
4.4 Green belts and zones in urban areas
References:
1. Akin, W.E. (1991): Global patterns Climate, vegetation soils, University of Oklahama
Press, U.S.A.
2. Ewusie, J.Y. (1980): Elements of Tropical Ecology, Heinemann Educational Books
Inc. London.
3. Furley, P.A. and Newey, W.N. (1983): Geography of the biosphere, Butterworth & Co.
Ltd., London.
4. Kellman, M.C. (1975): Plant Geography, Methuen & Co. Ltd., London.
5. Mani, M.S. (1974): Ecology and Biogeography in India. The Hague: Dr. W. Junk
Publishers.
6. Pears, N. (1985): Basic Biogeography, Longman, London.
7. Slaymaker,O. and Spencer, T. (1998): Geography and Global Environment
Change, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd., UK.
8. Smithson, P. et al (2002): The Fundamentals of The Physical Environment,
Routledge, London.
9. Ali, S. (1990): Notes on National Forest Policy 1988, Ecology, 5(3), August,
1990,
10.Bharucha, F.R. (1983): A text-book of the plant geography of India, Oxford
University Press, Bombay.
11. Forest Survey of India (1987-1999): The State of Forest Reports, Dehradun.
12. Dikshit, K.R. (1991): Environment, Forest Ecology and Man in the Western Ghats
The Case of Mahabaleshwar Plateau, Rawat Publ., New Delhi.
13. Ganeshaiah, K. N. et al (ed) (2001): Tropical Ecosystems Structure, Diversity
and Human welfare, Oxford & IBH Publ. Co., New Delhi.
14. Geethakrishnan, K.P. (1994): National Forest Policy, 1988, Encology, 5(3), 15-20.
15. Meher-Homji, V.M. (1987): Vegetation types of Peninsular India in
relation to environment conditions, in Explorations in the Tropics,
Prof. K.R. DikshitFel.Vol.Comm., Pune
16. Meyers, A.A. and Giller, P.S. (1988): Analytical Biogeography An Integrated
Approach to the Study of Animal and Plant Distribution, Chapman and Hall,
London, New York.
17. O riordan, T. et al (2002): Biodiversity, Sustainability and Human Communities
Protecting beyond the Protected, Cambridge Univ. Press, U.K.
18. Puri, G.S. (1980): Indian Forest Ecology, Vols.2, New Delhi: Oxford.
19. Sharma, N.P. (ed.) (1992): Managing World s Forests, Kendall Hunt Publ. Co., Iowa.
20. Walter, H. (1973): Vegetation of the Earth in relation to climate and eco-
physiological conditions, English Univ. Press Ltd., London.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B-7 Ecology and Environment
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1.Ecology: Concepts and Applications (Contact Hours 15)
1.1. Introduction to ecology: overview
1.2 Nutrient Cycling: Phosphorus, Nitrogen and carbon.
1.3 Energy Energy flows tropic levels- energy pyramids.
1.4 Life on land and water: Importance of Solar energy and Ocean water- Terrestrial and aquatic
ecosystem of tropical/temperate/polar/ hot desert tropical/temperate/polar ocean/ lakes and
ponds ( any one from land and water each)
2Environmental degradation (Contact Hours 15)
2.1. Factors responsible and consequences nature induced (one example from each related
to tectonic / atmospheric/ oceanic)
2.2. Factors responsible and consequences - human induced primary/secondary/tertiary
activities (any one example from each activity)
2.3. Global environmental problems.
2.4. Local environmental problems with special reference to Mumbai Metropolitan Region
3Environmental Conservation and Sustainability (Contact Hours 15)
3.1. Need ecological equilibrium- stability- environmental sustainability
3.2. Principles of Environmental conservation
3.3. Global efforts for Environmental conservation
3.4. Role of Indian government towards Environmental conservation
4. Environmental Research: (Contact Hours 15)
4.1. Concept, objectives and scope.
4.2. Review of literature and research methodology
4.3. Study area: Focus on any one major environmental problem of area selected.
4.4. Findings, limitations, suggestions.
References:
1. Adams, W.M. (2001):: Green Development; Environment and Sustainability in the Third
World, Rout ledge, London.
2. Basu, D. (ed.) (1995): Environment and Ecology - The Global Challenge, Printwell,
Jaipur.
3. Calvert P.S. (1999): The South, the North, and the Environment, Printer, London and
New York.
4. Odum, E.P.(1971): Fundamentals of Ecology , Third ed. W.B. Saunders Company,
5. United nations (1971): ECS Symposium on Problems relating to Environment
6. Mather, A.S. and Chapman, K. (1995): Environmental Resources, Longman group
Limited, U.K.
7. Molles (2013): Ecology - Concepts and applications , McGraw Hill Publications, 6th
edition.
8. Paul cloke ,et.al. (2005) : Introducing Human Geographies Hodder and Arnold
Publications, 2nded
9. UNFPA (1992): Population, Resources and Environment- The Critical Challenges,
United Population Fund, London.
10. United Nations (1971): ECE Symposium on problems Relating to Environment , U.N.,
New York.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper - 402 B 8- Spatial Perspectives in Environmental Planning and Management
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Environmental planning and management : (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Principles of environmental management - Protective, Adaptive, Integrative
1.2 Importance of environmental planning and management eco-friendly, soft
technology
1.3 Environment Management System EMS standards: ISO
2. Institutional arrangements for conservation of resources: (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Government policies and agencies
2.2 International organizations and Legislation
2.3 Protocols, treaties, conventions
3. Environmental Impact Assessment: (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Aims and objectives
3.2 Basic concepts and framework of EIA
3.3 Methods of EIA
3.4 Merits and demerits
4. Environmental Planning and Environmental Protection in India: (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Constitutional and legislative measures and their implementation
4.2 Environmental Policy environmental dimension in 5 year plans
4.3 Environmental education and awareness
References:
1. Adams, W.M.(2001): Green Development: Environment and Sustainability in the
Third World, Routledge, London.
2. Agarwal, S.K. and Dubey, P.S. (2002): Environmental Controversies, A.P.H
Publishing Corporations, New Delhi.
3. Saxena, H. M. (2010): Environmental Management 2nd Edition, RawatPubl, Delhi.
4. Hay, P. (2009): Companion to Environmental Thought, RawatPubl, Delhi.
5. Rashid, et al. (2008): Environment, Resources & Sustainable Development, Rawat
Publications, Delhi.
6. Srivastava, D. C. (ed) (2005): Readings in Environmental Ethics: Multidisciplinary
Perspectives, RawatPubl, Delhi.
7.http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/iass/eia/Cover.htm
8. Wathern, Peter (2002): Environmental Impact Assessment: Theory and Practice
Routledge
9. Murthy D. B. N. (2005): Environmental Planning and Management, Deep & Deep
Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
10.Selman Paul (1999): Environmental planning: The Conservation and Development of
Biophysical Resources, Sage Publications, London.
11. Leonard, Ortolano (1984): Environmental planning and decision making, John
Wiley, New York.
12. Basu, D.(ed.)(1995): Environment and Ecology The Global Challenge, Printwell,
Jaipur.
13. Calvert P.S. (1999): The South, The North and the Environment, Bloomsbury
Publishing PLC , London.
14. UNFPA (1992): Population, Resources and Environment The Critical Challenges ,
United PopulationFund, London.
15. Centre for Science and Environment (1985),(1991): The State of India s
Environment, V ol. 1, 2, 3, 4. CES,
New Delhi.
16. The Hindu (1991-2003) Survey of the Environment, Madras.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 9- Maritime Studies with Special Reference to India
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Marine environment and resources: (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Factors influencing the marine environment
1.2 Habitats within oceans horizontal and vertical ecosystems
1.3 Living and non-living marine resources exploitation and conservation
1.4 Pollution causes, sources and impact
2. Legislative framework : (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Maritime laws, conventions and treaties with special reference to India
2.2 Problems and issues in implementation
3. Maritime security: (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Threats and concerns
3.2 Disasters and their management
4. Maritime trade of India: (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Ancient and historical linkages
4.2 Impacts, influences and interchanges
4.3 Present linkages
4.4 Ports of India past, present and future prospects
References:
1. Chandra, Moti. (1977): Trade and Trade Routes in Ancient India, Abhinav
Publications New Delhi.
2. Maritime Heritage Series Maritime History Society, Mumbai.
3. Admiral ArunPrakash (Retd) (2009): The Indian Ocean- A Zone of Conflict, in Lt.
4. Col. Harjeet Singh (Retd.) Ed. South Asia Defence and Strategic Year Book,
Pentagon Press, New Delhi.
5. Chaudhary, Rahul Roy (2000): India s maritime Security, IDSA and Knowledge
World, Delhi.
6. Sugandha (2008): Evolution of Maritime Strategy and National Security of India,
Decent Books.
7. Institute of Defense Studies and Analysis- WWW.idsa.in
8. Preliminary Report, Diversity of Coastal Marine Ecosystem of Maharashtra,
BNHS Mumbai
9. Reports of Kharland Development Board - http://www.mahakharlanddevelopment.org
10. Hattendorf, John B. (2007): Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper -402: B 10 - Geography of Contemporary Agriculture
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Nature and Scope of Agriculture and its Geographical Structure (Contact Hours 15)
1.1. Global overview of Agriculture- Importance of Agriculture
1.2. Factors influencing agriculture agriculture areas of specialization - regional analysis
1.3. Impact of climate change on agricultural productivity- analysis with reference to major
crop Area; Food insecurity - droughts and floods.
1.4. Dispersal of Agriculture Processes and Impact
2. Changing Perspective in Agriculture Teaching Hours (Contact Hours 15)
2.1. Colonialisation and exploitative structuring of agricultural regimes in the colonial world.
2.2. Export orientation agricultural production and dependency of the colonial countries on
the Colonies;
2.3 Green Revolution- Need for Green Revolution- Production Performance -Problems In
The Spread of Green Revolution- Effects of Green Revolution
2.4 Agricultural Innovation- New Methods of Cultivation- Cooperative Farming, Contract
Farming, Corporate Farming, Precision Farming etc.
3. Contemporary Globalization in Agro-marketing (Contact Hours 15)
3.1. Globalization and Agriculture- Agricultural Competitiveness
3.2. Globalization and Changing Structure of Agribusiness- Structural Adjustment And
Agricultural Export
3.3. Functioning Of Futuristic Commodity Markets, Food Supply Chains and FDI in Agro
Marketing
3.4. WTO and Mobilization of Farmers' Protest at the Global Level
4. Agricultural Sustainability (Contact Hours 15)
4.1. Concept and Need for sustainable agriculture- Crisis in Indian Agriculture- falling prices
of agricultural commodities, increasing debts, issues of intellectual property rights and
patterns of farmers suicides.
4.2. Measures and its efficacy undertaken at Global level towards agricultural sustainability
4.3 Measures and its efficacy taken at National towards agricultural sustainability
4.4. Measures and its efficacy taken at State and Local level towards agricultural
Sustainability
References:
1. Grigg, D. (1984): An Introduction to Agricultural Geography , Hutchinson
Publication, London
2. Morgan, W. B. and Munton, R. J. C. (1977): Agricultural Geography Methuen,
London.
3. Singh, J. and Dhillon, S. S. (1984): Agricultural Geography , McGraw Hill,
New Delhi.
4. Majid Husain (1996): Systematic Agricultural Geography , Rawat Publications,
New Delhi.
5. Symons, L. (1972): Agricultural Geography , Bell and Sons, London
6. Tarrant, J. R. (1974): Agricultural Geography , John Wiley and Sons, New York.
7. Sauer, C. O. (1952): Agricultural Origins and Dispersals , American Geographical
Society, New York
8. Dantwalaet. al (1986): Agricultural Development Since Independence , Oxford and
IBH, New Delhi.
9. Frankel, F. R. (1971): India s Green Revolution , Princeton University Press.
10. Borgstron, G. (1967): Hungry Planet , Collier Macmillan, Toranto.
11. The Hindu ( 2006): Survey of Indian Agriculture 2006. New Delhi
12. Bansil, B. C. (1975): Agricultural Problems of India , Delhi.
13. Bowler, I. R. (1992): The Geography of Agriculture in Developed Market Economy ,
Longman.
14. Brown, L. R. (1971): Social Impact of Green Revolution , New York, Carnegie.
15. Grigg, D. B. (1974): The Agricultural Systems of the World, Cambridge University
Press.
16. Coppock, J. T., (1968): The Geography of Agriculture , Journal of Agricultural
Economics.
17. Mohammad Noor (ed.) (1981): Perspectives in Agricultural Geography , Vol. I to V,
Concept, New Delhi.
18. Van RovenWillam (1954): Atlas of the World Resources, Vol.I The Agricultural
Resources of the World, Prentice Hall, New York.
19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, Production Year Book,
FAO, Rome.
20.John W Mellor (1967):The Economics of Agricultural Development, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York.
21. Dr K V enkata Reddy (2001): Agriculture and Rural Development , Himalaya publication
House, Delhi.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 11- Geography of Regional Planning and Development
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction to Regional Planning and Development (Contact Hours 15)
1.1. Concept of region, types of region: physical, cultural, economic, administrative and
planning region.
1.2. Relevance of regional concept in planning and development
1.3. Need for regional planning, regional disparity, factors responsible: physical,
historical, socio-economic and political
1.4. Indicators of development- measurement of levels of development.
2.Regional problems and planning strategies (Contact Hours 15)
2.1. Identification of regional problems
2.2. Regional development strategies
2.3. Implementation of policies and plans
2.4. Efficacy of regional plans.
3.Regional hierarchy and Planning for Development (Contact Hours 15)
3.1. Concept of regional hierarchy
3.2. Need of regional hierarchy for planning and development
3.3. Applicability of spatial models to regional development
3.4. Changing perspectives in regional planning and current status in India.
4.Regional Development in MaharashtraContact Hours 15
4.1. Introduction physical regions resource regions and cultural regions
4.2. Connectivity and regional development- factors influencing
4.3. Levels of regional development in Maharashtra- regional disparity-factors
responsible.
4.4. Regional development strategies and its efficacy in Maharashtra.
References:
1.Alden, J and Morgan, R (1974):Regional Planning: A Comprehensive View, Leonard
Hill Books, Beds.
2.Ardill, J.(1974): New Citizen s Guide o Town and Country Planning, Charles Knight
and Company Ltd. Londion.
3.B.M.R.D.A. (1995): Draft Regional Plan for Bombay Metropolitan region: 1996-
2011 , Bombay.
4.Bhat, L.S. : Regional planning of India, Statistical Publishing society, Calcutta1973.
5.Chandana, R. C. (2000): Regional Planning - A Comprehensive Text, Kalyani
Publishers, Ludhiana
6.Chorley, R.J. and Hagget, P. :Medels in Geography Methuen, London, 1967.
7.Cook, P.(1983) Theories of Planning and Spatial Development, Hutchinson and
Company Ltd. London
8.Dube K. N. (ed) (1990): Planning and Development in India, Asia Publishing House,
New Delhi
9.Friedmann, J Alanso W (1967): Regional Development and planning - A Reader,
MIT Press Mass
10.Gosal, G.S. and Krishnan, G.1984):: Regional Disparities in Levels of Socio
Economic Development in Punjab, Vishal Publications, Kurukshetra,
11.Govt. of India (1986), Regional Plan 2001 - National Capital Region, NCRPB,
Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi
12. Indian Journal of Social Work (1994), Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai .
13.Mishra R. P (Ed.) (1992): Regional Planning, Concepts, Techniques, Policies and
Case Studies, Concept Pub. New Delhi
14. Radhakrishnamurthy K. (ed) (2001): Urbanization at the New Millennium: The
Indian Perspective , Andhra University Press.
15.Sundaram, K.V. (1985): Geography and Planning, Concept Publishing Company,
New Delhi.
16.Subrahamanya, K.N.(ed) (1985)::Economic Development and Planning in India,
Publications, New Delhi.
17.Sundaram K.V. et.al. (1971): Regional Planning for a Tribal Region, Institute of
Development Studies, Mysore.
18.Sundaram K.V. , Misra R.P. and Prakasa Rao, V.L.S. (1978): Regional Development
Planning in India , Vikas Publishers, New Delhi
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 12- Social Geography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Society and Space: Perspective and approach (Contact Hours 15)
1.1. Key concepts in social thought and their relevance in social geography
1.2 Evolution of perspective in social geography.
1.3 Social relations, Spatial diversity and differenciation
1.4 Social processes and spatial form- Spatiality of society and economy.
2. Social groups, social identity and space (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Social groups - Primary and secondary groups- Interaction, Processes and patterns of
socialisation and segregation
2.2 Ethnicity, language and religion as basic parameters- social class- spatiality of social
identity.
2.3 Towards a social geography of India Social differentiation and regional formations
Caste and clan territories - Tribes and spatial variations.
2.4 Concept of social well-being - Indicators of social and economic well-being - Spatial
pattern of well-being with special reference to India- age and gender as factors.
3. Social stratification and Urban Social Order (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Social stratification and Urban Social Order- Urban space and polarisation in post-
industrial cities-Globalisation and rise of network society.
3.2 Social geography of Contemporary Third World Cities- Impact of globalization-
3.3 Fragmentation, segregation and crisis of local and global Modernity- Post-modernity and
related issues.
3.4 Concept of Social planning and politics of space- concept of social justice- Planning with
a welfare approach - People's participation.
4. In Depth Study of any one of the following concepts (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Slums Ethnic/ religious /linguistic identity and negotiation of economic and political
space in Mumbai
4.2 Social spaces in Geography post graduate class
4.3 Reproduction, sexuality and contemporary gender issues- Role of media.
4.4 Malls as inclusive and/or exclusive spaces.
References:
1. Eyles, J. (1974): Social Theory and Social Geography, in Progress in Geography,
V ol.6, pp 2788.
2. Gregory, D. and Urry, J. (1985): Social Relations and Spatial Structure, Macmillan.
3. Pacione, M. (ed) (1987): Social Geography: Progress and Prospect, Croom Helm.
4. Jones, E. and Eyles, J.(1977); Introduction to Social Geography, Oxford University Press.
5. Sassen, S. (1994): Cities in a World Economy Pine Forge Press.
6. Smith, D. M. (1979): Where the grass is Greener, Croon Helm.
7. Ahmad, A. (1999): Social Geography, Rawat Publishers.
8. Daniels, S. and Lee, R. (eds.)(1996): Exploring HumanGeography, Arnold.
9. Castells, M., (1996): The Rise of the Network Society, Basil Blackwell, 1996.
10. Dear, M.J. and Flusty, S. (2000): The Spaces of Postmodernity, Blackwell.
11. Vincent J. Del Casino, (2009): Social Geography- Critical Introduction to Geography,
Wiley- Blackwell.
12. Chris Hamnett (ed.), (1996): Social Geography A Reader, Arnold.
13. Johnston, R. J., Gregory, D., et.al. (eds.),(2005): The Dictionary of Human
Geography, Blackwell Publishing.
14. Lefebvre, H. (1991): The production of Space1(Translated by Donald Nicholson),
Basil Blackwell.
15. Maheu, L. (1995): Social Movements and Social Classes, Sage
16. J. O'Loughlin and Friedricks, J. (1996): Social Polarization in Post Industrial
Metropolises, Water de Gruyter.
17. Peet, R. (1977): Radical Geography, Maaroufa Press.
18. Harvey, D. (1996): Justice, Nature and the Geography of Difference, Basil Blackwell.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 13 -Cultural Geography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Evolution and growth of cultural geography
1.1. Evolution and growth of Cultural Geography
1.2. Significance of a spatial perspective in cultural studies
1.3. Attributes of culture- spatio-social context
1.4. Contemporary approaches- Cultural Turn in Geography
2.Culture Hearths (
2.1.Evolution of culture hearths
2.2.Culture realms and regions
2.3. Early migration and interaction in culture realms
2.4. Convergence and divergence processes and Cultural changes.
3. Ethnicity, Language and Identity (
3.1. Race and ethnicity - People as racial groups, classification and distribution, racial regions ,
process of acculturation.
3.2 Caste and structuring of cultural space in India- Identity politics based on caste
3.3. Cultural Geography of language, Language as a basis of nations and states - Language
and Dialects. Diversity of language groups in India
3.4. Evolution of linguistic states -Cohesion and integration - Relevant issues.
4. Culture, Knowledge and Production of Space (
4.1. Geography of religion , evolution of major world religions- Spatial spread
4.2. Religion and colonialism, role of religion in the formation of nations and states, Culture
and religion.
4.3. Major and minor religious groups in India, distribution and spatial attributes,
Multi- religious Diversity
4.4.Culture- Knowledge and politics in India -Contemporary issues- Political economy of
culture , Patterns of dominance and dependence , India as a land of multiculture.
References:
1. De Blij, H.J. and Muller, P.O. (1977): Human Geography: Culture, Society and Space,
John Wiley & Sons.
2. Steve, P. and Michael, K. (1993): Places and the Politics of Identity, Routledge, U.K.
3. Dohr, F.E. and Sommers, LM, (1967): Cultural Geography: d Readings, Thomas Y ,
Crowell Company.
4. Sopher, D. E. (ed)(1980): Explorations of India: Geographical Perspective on Society
and Culture, Longman.
5. Faruqi, I.R. and Sopher, D.E. (1974): Historical Atlas of Religions of the World,
Macmillan.
6. Bose, N.K. (1967): Culture and Society in India, Asia Publishing House
7. Mitchell, D. (2000): Cultural Geography: A Critical Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell, U.K
8. Nobal, A. G. and Dutt, A. K. (ed.) (1982): India: Cultural patterns and processes West View
Press, U.S.A
9. Spencer, J.E. and Thomas, W.L. (1973): Introducing Cultural Geography, John Wiley & Sons
10. Cook, I. et. al., (2000): Cultural Turns/Geographical Turns, Prentice Hall, U.K
11.Harper, R.A. and Schmudde, T.M. (1978): Between the Two Worlds, Houghton Mifflin.
12.Beteille, A. (1969): Social Inequality, Selected Readings, Harrnondsworth.
13. Bose, N.K. (1969): Problems of Indian Nationalism, Allied Publishers.
14.Sinha, S.C. (ed.), (1976): Cultural Anthropology, Anthropological Survey of India
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 14- Historical Geography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
I Spatial bases of History- Evolution (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Time space convergence - History as an aspect of geographical explanation.
1.2 Theory and Methodology in Historical Geography
1.3 Evolution of Civilisation, society culture - Origin and diffusion of technology
1.4 Society and space in ancient civilisations: selected examples.
2.Spatial organisation of medieval economy (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Agriculture and society during feudalism - Growth of feudal towns and mercantile capital
Discovery and explorations.
2.2 Transition from feudalism to capitalism -Mercantile capitalist period.
2.3 Industrial growth and industrial revolution - Growth of towns and cities
2.4 Emergence of colonial spatial organisation -Spatial shift and changing spatial order
Transformation of settlement and urban systems
3. Indian urban history: A critical perspective (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Towns in ancient India - Trade and commerce
3.2 Nature of spatial economic organisation - Urban growth in medieval India - Role of urban
centres in regional and national economy.
3.3 Historical geography of the western coast of India- Pre-colonial economy and society -
3.4 Spatial organisation of the economy during Maratha Period - Space, society and
economy during colonial period.
4. Urban history of Mumbai (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Space and Society-Rise and fall of ancient trade centres - Pre- British relations
4.2 Colonial spatial organisation and emergence of Bombay Growth of a Colonial
City
4.3 Evolution of Mumbai as an Industrial city Bi-polarity and the production of social
space of Mumbai
4.4 The case study of heritage landscapes and the native communities of Mumbai: Any one
a. The Fort and the Market Area: The dual city.
b. Fishing hamlets and the Fishing community;
c. The ancient temples, caves and the sculpture;
d. Mill land and the industrial community of Mumbai
References: :
1. Pacione, M (ed.)(1987): Historical Geography, Progress and Prospect, Croom Helm.
2. Dunford, M. and Perron, D,(1984): The Arena of Capital, Macmillan.
3. Wooley, L.(1963):History of mankind : The Beginnings of Civilization, George Allen and
Unwin,
4 Jones, B.(1988): Feudal Society and its Culture, Progress Publishers.
5 Srnailes, A.E (1966); The Geography of Towns, Hutchinson University Library.
6 Baker, A. R.H.& Gregory, D. (1984): Explorations in Historical Geography,
Cambridge University Press
7 Baker, A.R.H.(1972): Progress in Historical Geography, David and Charles.
8 Gladhill, J, Bender, B. & Larsen, M.T. (1995): State and Society, Routledge.
9 Annenkov,V .V .(ed.)(1976): Historical Geography, International Geographical Congress.
10 Carter, H.(1983):An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography, Edward Arnold.
11 Sen, S. N. (1988): Ancient Indian History and Civilization. Wiley Easten Ltd.
12 Habib, I.(1982): An Atlas of the Mughal Empire, O.U.P.
13.Basham, A. L. (1975): Cultural History of India, O.U.P.
14. Norton, W. (1984): Historical Analysis in Geography, Longman.
15.Guelke, C. (1982): Historical understanding in Geography, Cambridge
University Press.
16. Husain, M.(1993):Perspectives in History and Nature of Geography, V ol.II,
Anmol Publication.
17. Kinder, H. and Hiigemann, W.(1964):The Pengiun Atlas of World History,
V ols.I and II, Penguin Books.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper - 402: B 15 Geography of Exclusion
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Genesis of Process and act of exclusion (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Envisioning differences between Self and Others feelings and their parameters-their
grounding into place and space.
1.2 Alternative perspectives on the self- Theoretical approaches- Freudian psycho-analysis;
Object relations theory; abjection- Relevance of the generalized Other ; Cultural
representations of people and things- as constituted by places and space.
1.3 Images of differences- Stereotypes and their construction signifying Defiled Other
interpreting Colour, disease, nature Verbal and visual images rooted in culture.
1.4 Border crossings contestation of boundaries- Boundary maintenance and social
organization; Pollution, discrepancy and small group boundaries Boundary
enforcement- inversions and reversals.
2. Mapping the Pure and the Defiled (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Colonisation- Expansion of the European empires and mapping of the colonized as the
Defiled Others Imaginative geographies of landscapes, architectural forms, paintings,
advertisements and exhibitions depiction of residual population and places
2.2 Bounding Space Purification and Control Structuration theory and Spatial theory-Spatial
purification as a key feature in organizing Social Space- The form of purified space and
Exclusionary Space- Space and Social control.
2.3 Spaces of Exclusion and emplacement of power relations- Home as heaven as against
a socially stratified space.
2.4 Locality and Otherness; National identities and alien others. Geopolitics and purified
identities.
3. Knowledge, Power and Exclusion (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 The exclusion of Geographies- people, spaces and exclusion of knowledge Knowledge
and Power Interrelations Production of Knowledge as a form of social practice-
Differential power among practitioners.
3.2 Compartmentalization - Specializations of knowledge Monopolies and Control;
Hierarchical structuring of knowledge and power in academia- Exclusion of folk
knowledge.
3.3 Lost knowledge- Rejected knowledge and Forms of exclusion- deindustrialization and
exclusion of the knowledge base and employment of workers Illustrative cases
3.4 Gender- politics and Power Production gendered spaces- Patriarchy and power relations-
Social control Forms, patterns and terrains of Exclusion; Sexual violence, Control of
resources, Property ownership, Control of body and reproduction, Political representations
and participatory decision making.
4. Exclusion in India: Interpretations of Identities, Knowledge and Power Interrelations
(Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Religion;
1.2 Caste,
1.3 Class,
1.4 Gender
References:
1. Sibley David, (1995): Geographies of Exclusion- Society and Differences in the West ,
Routledge.
2. Murdoch Jonathan, (2006):, Post-structuralist Geography, Sage
3. Sharp Joanne, (2009): Geographies of Postcolonialism Spaces of Power and
representation , Sage.
4. Herod Andrew and Wright Melisa W. (2002): Geographies of Power Placing Scale ,
Blackwell Publishing.
5. Aitken Stuart and Valentine Gill, (2006): Approaches to Human Geography , Sage.
6. Doreen Massey, John Allen and Sarre Philip, (eds.), (1999): Human geography
Today , Polity Press.
7. Cloke Paul, Philip Crang and Mark Goodwin (eds.), (2004): Envisioning Human
Geographies , London, Arnold.
8. Dear Michael and Flusty Steven, (eds.), (2002): The Spaces of PostModernity ,
Blackwell Publishing.
9. Clifford Nicholas J., Holloway Sarah, Rice Stephen P.(eds.),(2009): Key Concepts in
Geography , Sage.
10. Harvey, D. (1989): The Condition of Postmodernity, An Enquiry into the
conditions of Cultural Change, Blackwell
11. Harvey, D. (1982): Revised (2007), The Limits to Capital ,
12. Harvey, D. (2001): Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography ,
Edinburgh University Press.
13. Harvey, David (2002): Spaces of Hope , Edinburgh University Press.
14. Hubbard Phill, Kitchin Rob, Bartley Brendan and Duncan Fuller,(2002): Thinking
Geographically Space, Theory and Contemporary Human geography , London.
15. Cloke Paul and Johnston Ron,(2005): Spaces of Geographical Thought , Sage.
16. Barnes trevor and Gregory Derek (eds.)(1997): Reading Human Geography
The Poetics and Politics of inquiry , London, Arnold.
17. Eyles, J. (1974): Social Theory and Social Geography, in Progress in Geography,
V ol.6, pp 2788.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper- 404 B 16 - Geography of Work Spaces
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Spatial context of Work, Workers and labour (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Spatial divisions of labour and Social Relations Relevance of Geography of Work
spaces.
1.2 Evolution of World economy restructuring capitalist mode of production-Comparison
between Fordist and Post- Fordist Regimes flexibilising labour markets and economic
spaces
1.3 Typology, Similarities and differences between work, workers, skills and management,
wages and work-places and spaces- Situating labour in the capitalist production process.
1.4 Employment relations in the workplace- Problem of labour control and reproduction social
regulation institutional framework- Segmented labour markets workers and workplaces.
2. Labour in an Interdependent World- Placing, Spacing and Scaling
(Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Interdependence, porosity and permeability of workplace - Place-boundness of
workers.
2.2 Territoriality of production- uneven and casual interrelations -Types of structure and links-
Place, agglomeration and economic growth-
2.3 Worker- employer nexus- Local social relationships- Place and class identity and class
action of workers.
2.4 Contextualising place and space interface of labour multiscalar connections
Significance of scale and its social construct re/scaling and its implications-
Geography of worker politics.
3. Agency of Labour and Organizing in Place (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Replacing labour- mechanisms of labour control Hegemonic regime and scaling Role of
the State- Illustrations from the Global South
3.2 Agency of labour and organizing in place- workers and local coalitions labour working
in place with others From progressive to regressive localism- back again
3.3 Displacing labour labour migration- a geographical strategy- Economic- socio-cultural
and political consequences
3.4 Up-scaling worker action- Transcending the local: national unionism- New
internationalism-boarderless solidarity problems and prospects- Beyond workers-social
movement politics- Progressive translocalism.
4. Indian Context (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Workers and workplaces in India- A historical perspective- Growth of modern industry-
Constraints- Bi-polarity and segmentation of labour markets- Regional disparity.
4.2 Globalisation- Deindustrialisation- Growth of Service Sector in India- Changing nature
of work and workspaces in Indian metropolitan economies- Any one case study a.
Textile Industry in Mumbai and Malegaon; b. Automobile Industry in Gurgaon Delhi; c.
IT industry in Pune/ Bangalore; d. Tiffin carrriers of Mumbai
4.3 Work spaces and Gender dimensions Any one case study Women workers in a. Garment
export industry; b. Electronic Industry; c. Women in Indian Civil Services; d. Vegetable
selling in streets
4.4 Informal Work places in Dharavi/ Shivajinagar- Baiganwadi/ Bharatnagar-
Kismatnagar- in Mumbai
References:
1. Knox, Paul. et.al. (2008): The Geography of the World Economy, Hodder
Education, UK.
2. Sheppard Eric and Barnes Trevor J., (eds.) (2000): A Companion to
Economic Geography, Blackwell, Massachusetts.
3. Wood Andrew and Roberts Susan, (2011): Economic Geography- Places, Network
and flows, Routledge, London.
4. Bryson, J. Henry N., Keeble D. and Martin R. (eds.) (1999): The Economic
Geography Reader, Producing and Consuming Global Capitalism, John Wiley
and Sons Ltd., New York.
5.Leyshon, A., Lee R., McDowell L., Sunley P., (2011): The sage Handbook
Economic Geography, Sage.
6.Daniels, Peter. (1995): Services In a Shrinking World , Geography, V ol. 80 Issue
347, p97.
7.Tickell, A.(1999),(2001), (2002): Progress in Human Geography [progress reports
on the geography of services]. V ol. 23, 633-9; V ol. 25, 283-92; V ol. 26, 791-801.
9. Hidenori Okahashi, (ed.)(2006) Emerging New Industrial Spaces India and
Regional Development , Manohar.
10.Mazumdar, Indrani.(2010): Women Workers and Globalisation- Emergent
Contradictions in India , Centre for Women s Development Studies, Delhi.
11. Shalti Research Group (2008):Big capital in Organised Retail, Serribaan, Kolkata.
12.Shalti Research Group(2008): Growth trajectory Impact, SEZ in West Bengal,
Kolkata.
13. McChesney, et.al.(1998): Capitalism and the Information Age Thepolitical Economy of
the Global Communication Revolution , Cornerstone Publication India and Monthly
Review Press, New York
14. Lee Roger and Wills Jane, (eds.) (1997): Geographies of Economies, Arnold,
New York.
15. Scott J. Allen, (2006): Geography and Economy- The Clarendon Lecture in
Geography and Environmental Studies, Clarendon Press, Oxford, New York.
14. Banerjee- Guha Swapna, (ed.) (2004): Space, Society and Geography, Rawat
Publication, Jaipur.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper 404 B 17 - Geography of Media and Communication
No. of Credits: 6- Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Basic concepts, components and definition
1.2 Evolution and growth of media and communication: A historical perspective
1.3 Significance of Media and Communication for society and nation (welfare society,
imbibing ethical values through folk stories (malgudi days) /dance/music/songs (
kirtan/bhajan/powda/ovi/) , educating in science and technology for economic activities etc.
1.4 Precautionary component of media and communication
2 Contemporary methods of media and communication and its significance
(Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Types, spatial distribution of ownership, services (users) and regulations
( *satellite types- weather phenomena/ agriculture/ forest/ Landuse change;
* radio; **telephone/mobile; *** internet; / patent/cost of services.
2.2 Role in governance, defence and economy
2.3 Significance in disaster mitigation and management
2.4 Importance in planning and sustainable development
3Topologies of communication flows: (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Topologies of communication- network theory and geography- central places in network
theory- a space of flows and power relations.
3.2 Boundaries in communication-media networks
3.3 Print and Electronic media their role in structuring of power relation- case Study
3.4 Role of Bollywood in structuring place and space identities across the Globe.
4Geography of media and communication in environmental conservation:
(Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Tourism sector- wild life sanctuaries- bird sanctuary- jungle safari- eco-parks-
4.2 Agriculture Programmes for farmers - news awareness
4.3 Forest protection prevention of illegal activities
4.4 Water resources- identifying polluted areas and sources of pollution
References:
1. Adams Paul. C., (2009): Geographies of Media and Communications , Wiley-Blackwell.
2. Abler, R.(1971): Distance Intercommunications and Geography, Proceedings of the
Association of American Geographers.
3. Abler, R Janelle, D, Philbrick, A. and Sommer, J.(1975): Human Geography in a
Shrinking World, Duxbury Press.
4. Johnston, R.J.(1973): Spatial Structures, Methuen and Co. London.
5. Abler.J.S., Gould, P.R.(1971): Spatial Organization, Englewood cliffs, N.J, Prentice Hall.
6. Helling, D.(1996): Information Inequality, Routledge , New York.
7. Staple, G.C.(ed.) (1993): Telegeography, International Institute of Communication,
London.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 18 - Electoral Geography with special reference to India
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Spatio-temporal Context of Electoral Processes (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Conceptualising Citizenship- Enlightenment, liberalism and democracy; Diffusion of
democracy and citizenship- nature and typologies; Spaces and levels of citizenship
1.2 Defining electoral constituencies- structuration and delimitation- geographical bases-
Representation systems and Political mobilization- Social production of electoral space.
1.3 Power structures, administrative hierarchies and delimitation of electoral constituencies;
Fluidity, distortion and bias- Gerrymandering and malapportionment
1.4 Electoral Geographies - Development of thoughts, contemporary approaches: From
Mapping of Voters Behaviour to Geographies of Representation
2. Electoral Geographies: the World View and Indian Experience (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Electoral processes and voting behavior in the Globalised North and Globalising South: Case
studies of USA, Great Britan, South Asian nation-states
2.2 Evolution of India s Electoral Space in Post-Independence Phase Indian constitution,
citizenship, electoral mechanism and voting rights.
2.3 Centre-State relationship- array of Linguistic States and union Territories Size factor-
Politics of electoral seats - North-South and east-west divide- Boundary issues.
2.4 India s Political Space Centrist, right and left wing party rule- from single party to the
coalition governments Rise of regional political parties: Pre and post- emergency trends.
3. Production of India s Electoral Spaces: Regional and local dimensions
(Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Identity politics and embededness of electoral spaces- Role of religion, caste, language and
gender.
3.2 Reservation policies and spatiality of reserved electoral constituencies across the Indian
states- Caste and Gender dimensions
3.3 democratisation - regional imbalances - insurgency, militancy and challenging electoral
spaces- North Eastern and Central Indian States.
3.4 Spatial dynamics of urbanisation, migration and class differentiation Electoral spaces in
Indian mega cities globalisation, denationalisation and impact on psyche of urban voters
4. Voting Behaviour and Geographies of Representation in India: A Multi-scalar analysis.
(Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Spatio-social analysis of election results, the post 1990 trends: Electoral Issues and voting
behavior in Parliamentary and assembly elections Illustrations from select Indian states
4.2 Issues of Local elections and voting patterns Rural- urban context: the case of
Maharashtra and Mumbai
4.3 Pre and Post-election poll surveys and prediction of voting behavior Vote-seat Proportions-
Recent illustrations - A Critical Analysis.
4.5 Tools and techniques of electoral Geography: Typology and nature and sources of data -Use
of maps, Application of quantitative analysis and Geo-informatics.
References:
1.Agnew, John. (1996): Mapping politics: how context counts in electoral geography.
Political Geography, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp. 129-146. Elsevier: London,
United Kingdom.
2.Painter Joe and Jeffrey Alex, (2009): Political Geography An Introduction to Space and
Power , Sage, Los Angeles.
3. Dikshit, S. K. (1993): Electoral Geography of India, VishwavidyalayaPrakashan
Varanasi.
4. Sukhwal, B.I. (1971):lndia -A Political Geography, Allied Publishers.
5. Morrill, Richard, et.al. (2007): Anomalies in red and blue: Exceptionalism in American
electoral geography . In Political Geography, Volume 26, pp. 525-553. Elsevier: Atlanta.
6. Prescott, J.R.V. (1959): The Function and Methods of Electoral Geography. In Annals
of the Association of American Geographers, Volume 49, Issue 3, pp. 296 304. John
Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken.
8. Johnston, Ron.( 2005): Anglo-American Electoral Geography: Same Roots and Same
Goals, but Different Means to Ends? Professional Geographer, pp. 580 587. Blackwell
Publishing: Oxford.
9. Denver, David. Elections and Voters in Britain. Palgrave Macmillan: New York.
10. Jones, Martin, et.al. (2006): Democracy, participation and citizenship . In An Introduction to
Political Geography: Space, Place and Politics, Second Edition, pp. 137-157. Routledge:
New York.
11. Demko, George, K. and Wood, William, B., (1994): Reordering the World ,
Westview Press: Oxford.
12. Johnston, R. J., Shelley, P. M. and Taylor, PJ. (1990), Developments In Electoral
Geography , London: Routledge.
13. Barney Warf, 2011, Revitalizing electoral Geography , Ashgate,
14. Taylor, P. J. and Johnston, R. J. (1979); Geography of Elections, Harmono'sworth.
15. Bhambhri, C. P. (1991): Elections 1991; An Analysis, B. R. Publishers.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 19- Geography of Resources
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Resources - Links and Flows among Environment, Economy and Society
(
1.1Resource definitions - Changing perceptions - socio-spatial and political ecology perspective
1.2Typology of Resources- Characteristics and interrelations- Scarcity and potentiality-
1.3Resources as inputs Organization in economy and society- a historical perspective
1.4Resource ownership and control- across diverse value systems and culture Role of market
and the State - resource governance.
2. Resources, People and Development: Theoretical Framework (
2.1 Resource ogranisation in pre-industrial society- Colonisation, trade and resource transfer.
2.2 Industrialsation, urbanization and growth- Classical and neoclassical approaches to resource
organization.
2.3 Organised capitalism and stages of economic development -advances in technology,
transport and communication
2.3 Structuring of spatial fixity and resource transfer- carrying capacity - Limits to growth.
3. Contemporary Patterns of Resource Distribution and Exploitation (
3.1 Expansion of international capital - Globalisation- MNCs and restructuring of production -
Gaps and imbalances
3.2 Issues and challenges in distribution and use of key resource types - Land / forests / water /
energy/ minerals / ocean resources.
3.3 Related dynamics - implications on resource ownership, accessibility and patterns of
livelihood
3.4 Resource organization - Structuring of world economy as core and periphery- imbalances
in resource use
4. Resources Development Choices and Emerging Issues (
4.1 Resource depletion, degradation and emerging crisis- Desertification, deforestation and
losses in bio-diversity.
4.2 Politics of global warming - Increasing water scarcity and conflicts Indian examples
4.3 Energy crisis Issues of sharing, alternate sources- Resource conservation and creation.
Challenges for the Global South .
4.4 Sustainable development and conservation of resources- Critical Perspective- Emergence of
global environmentalism
References:
1. Mather, A.S. and Chapman, K. (1995): Environmental Resources, Longman Scientific and
Technical, London.
2. Harper, C.L. (2001): Environment and Society, Human Perspectives on Environmental Issues,
Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
3. Adams, W. M. (1990): Green Development, Environment and Sustainability in the Third
World, Routledge, London.
4. Sarre, P. and Blunder, J. (1995): An Overcrowded World Population, Resources and the
Environment, the Open University, Oxford
5. Hampel, L.C. (1996): Environmental Governance, the Global Challenge, Island Press,
Washington D.C.
6. Redicliff. M. (1987):Sustainable Development: Exploring the Contradictions, Melhuen,
London.
7. Redcliff, M. (1996): Wasted: Counting the Cost of Global Consumption, Earthscan, London.
8. Potter, R.B., Binns, T. Elliott, J.A. and Smith, D. (1999): Geographies of Development,
Longman.
13. Elliott, J.A. (1999): An Introduction to Sustainable Development, Routledge.
14. Mengitsu, W. (1987): The Geography of Hunger- Some aspects of Causes and Impacts of
Hunger, Geografriska Institute.
15. Dreze, J. and Sen A. (1990): The Political Economy of Hunger, V ol. 1, 2, 3, Clarendon Press,
Oxford.
16. Roy, P. K (2001): Economic Geography, A Study of Resources, New Central Book Agency,
Kolkata.
17. Beck, U. (1992): Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity, Sage, London.
18. Chopra, K, Kadekodi, G.K. and Murty, M.N. (1989): Participatory Development: People and
Common Property Resources.
19. Peet, R. Watts, M. (eds.) (1996): Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, Social
Movements, Routledge, London.
20. Smitu Kothari, et.al. (ed.) (2003): The Value of Nature-Ecological Politics In India,
Rainbow Publishers, Noiada, U. P., India.
21. AmitaBaviskar (ed) (2007): Waterscapes The Cultural Politics of a Natural Resource
Permanent Black Himalaya , Uttaranchal.
22. Arun Kumar Singh (June 2004): Privatization of Rivers in India, VikasAdhyayan Kendra,
Mumbai
19. SangvaiSanjay (ed) (2000): The River and Life People Struggle in the Narmada
Valley, Earthcare Books, Mumbai.
23. ShripadDharmadhikary (2002): Water: Private, Limited Fundamental Issues in Privatisation
andCorporatisation of Water in India. ManthanAdhyayanKendra, Badwani (M.P)
24. Riccardo Petrella , Translated by Patrick Camiller, (2001): The Water Manifesto Arguments
For A World Water Contract, Books for Change, Bangalore, India.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 20 -Geography of Energy Resources
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Role of energy in society and economy and space (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Sources of energy - Definition, and typology conventional and non-conventional-
Changing perspective
1.2 Energy systems Evolution- Role of capital, technology, power structure trade links.
1.3 Commercial energy systems- structural components- Environmental, economic and
spatio-social context.
1.4 Dynamics of energy and development- Aspects of mobilization, security and social
well being
2. Production, Transfer and trading of energy resources (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Uneven distribution and localization of energy resources- production and consumption
of major types- multiscalar, spatio-social gaps
2.2 Organisation of energy production and flows Variation in volume and direction
Examples of Conventional and non conventional energy resources-
2.3 Structuring of production and consumption spaces- footloose capital and Spatial fixity-
Role of MNCs, and the State- WTO and the trade blocks.
2.4 Environmental andspatio-social implications- Energy profiles of the Global North and
the South
3. Energy crisis (Contact Hours15)
3.1 Localisation impact - dominance and dependence- Sectoral links
3.2 Energy resources- capitalist development- conflicting demands- contestation in space-
displacement and deprivation
3.3 Environmental concerns- pollution and global climate change- Carbon credits and trading-
dilemma of the Global south
3.4 Energy security -Policies of conservation, renewal and sustainable use of energy
4. State of energy and power sector in India (Contact Hours15)
4.1 Resource types and evolution of energy systems - Impact of urban and industrial growth
4.2 Regional dimensions - Privatisation of energy production and power supply
4.3 Energy profile and security issues- Gaps in resource mobilisation
4.4 Critical issues of governance -Availability and use of sustainable energy resources
Future trends.
Reference Books:
1. Chapman, J. D.{1989): Geography and Energy .Commercial Energy Systems and National
Politicies, Longman Scientific and Technical
2. Guyel, N.B. (1971): Energy in the Perspective of Geography, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
3. Manners, G. (1964): The Geography of Energy, Hutchinson University, London.
4. Shaw, T.L. Lennard D.E. and Jones, P.M.S. (1984): Policy and Development of Energy
Resources, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
5. Hoffman, Thomas and Johnson Brian (1981) The World Energy riangle, A Strategy for
Co-operation.
6. McVeigh J C. (1984) Energy around the World, An Introduction to Energy Studies, Global
Resources, Needs, Utilisation, Pergamon Oxford.
7. Shaw, T.L. Lennard, D.E, and Jones,P.M.S.(eds.)(1984): Policy and Development of Energy
Resources, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
8. World Energy Council, (1993): Energy for Tomorrow's World. The Realities, The Real
Options and The Agenda for Achievement, St.Martin's Press, New York
9. Pachuri, R.K. (1977): Energy and Economic Development in India, Prager, New York.
10. Dayal, Maheshwar(1989): Renewable Energy, Environment and development.
Konark. Delhi.
11. Parikh Jyoti K. (1980). Energy Systems and Development Constraints, Demand and Supply
of Energy for Developing Regions. Oxford. Bombay.
12. Pachuri, R K (1985): The Political Economy of Global Energy, Oxford, Mumbai
13. Chaturvedi, P. (1997): Sustainable Energy Supply in Asia, V ol. 1 and 2, Concept,
New Delhi.
14. Edmonds, J. and Reilly, J.M. (1985): Global Energy, Assessing the Future, Oxford,
New York
15. World Energy Council (1994): New Renewable Energy Resources, A Guide to Future,
Kogan Page, London
16.Edmonds, J. and Reilly J.M. (1985): Global Energy, Assessing the Future, Oxford,
New York.
17.World Energy Council (1994): New Renewable Energy Resources, A Guide to the Future,
Kogan Page, London.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper 402: B 21 - Geography of Hazards and Disaster Management
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Fundamentals of Disaster (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Understanding Disasters, Definition & Terminology of Disasters, Causation of
disasters
1.2 Understanding Natural Disasters Types, Causes and Effects
1.3 Understanding Man-Made Disasters Types, Causes and Impacts
1.4 Risk Assessment and Vulnerability Analysis
2. Environmental Hazards and Disasters. (Contact Hours 15)
2.1.Concept of Environmental Hazards, Environmental Risk and Environmental Disasters.
2.2. Human ecology geography and its application in geographical research in hazards
and disasters.
2.3. Different approaches and relation with human ecology
2.4.Landscape Approach, - Ecosystem Approach, - Perception approach
3. Environmental Hazards & Disasters: Typology, Mitigation and Preparedness
(Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Natural hazards and Disasters - Natural Disaster Reduction & Management
3.2 Man induced hazards & Disasters, Social Aspect, Economic Aspect
3.3. Prediction of Hazards & Disasters, Measures, Use of Technology in
Disaster Management
3.4. Disaster Management- An integrated approach for disaster
preparedness, mitigation & awareness
4.Disaster Management Perspective: India and World ( Contact Hours 15 )
4.1. Disaster Management in India, Global Perspective on Disaster Management
4.2. A regional survey of Cyclonic Disaster, Disaster in Hills, Urban Disaster with
reference to India.
4.3. Environmental policies and programmes in India- Institutions, Environmental Legislations
in India, Awareness, Conservation Movement, Education and training
4.4. Integrating Disaster Management and Development, Gender Perspective in
Disaster Management
References.
1. Ghosh G. K (2001):Disaster Management (6 volumes); Saujanya Distributors, Delhi
2. Gaur, Ramakant,(2006):Disaster Management
3. Gulia, K S(2008):Disaster Management,
4. Goel, S. L, Et al. Disaster Management
5. Bose, B.C.(2008) Disaster Management in the 21st Century,
6. Sinha, Dilip Kumar. (2007) :Natural Disaster Reduction: Global Perspectives, South East
Asian Realities and Global trategies (Anthem Press India)
7. Singh, R.B. (2006):Natural Hazards and Disaster Management: Vulnerability and
Mitigation, Rawat Publications, New Delhi.
8. N.C Mahanti (2006) Disaster Management- Narosa Publishing House
9. Talwar, Arun Kumar, JunejaandSatish(2008): Encyclopedia of Disaster management
(10 volumes)- Saujanyabooks,Delhi
10. Smith, Keith (2004): Environmental Hazards: Assessing Risk and Reducing Disaster.
Routledge. Place of Publication: New York. Publication
11. Jennifer Reed (2005): Earthquakes: Disaster & Survival
12. Trivedi, Priyaranjan (ed.), (2007), Encyclopedia of disaster management (12 volumes)
Delhi
13. Damon P. Coppola (2007), Introduction to International Disaster Management-
14. George D. Haddow Introduction to Emergency Management-, Published by Butterworth-
Heinemann.
15. Dr. Jayeshsinh Shah and Mr. Ashutoshsinh Tambe (Editors) (2002): Textbook of Disaster
Management, A Sadguru Shree Aniruddha Upasana Trust publication, Mumbai.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
w.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 22- Globalising Mega Cities with special reference to MMR
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Introduction to Globalising Mega Cities (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Trend of metropolitan urbanisation in advanced countries Meaning and Concept of New
Centralism - Globalisation - emergence of megacities Megacities as engines of Growth
1.2 From World Cities to Global cities Overview of paradigmatic shift - Global city in
global system - Global urban hierarchy Command and Control functions - Case studies
of Global Cities from Global North
1.3 Megacities Advanced economic activities and urban transformation urban
restructuring - built environment - local and global connections - Megacities as site and
place
1.4 Global city making and Global South policy shifts Neoliberalism New urban
policies Global cities different perspectives
2. New Regionalism and consequent urbanisation (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Emergence of Mega-city regions and new regionalism Global urban regions concepts
and salient characteristics Global city region making Urban Regeneration processes
in Global North and Global South
2.2 Spatial restructuring in Mega city-regions - structure, processes and Patterns with special
reference to Global South Case studies of Mumbai, Johannesburg, Sao Paolo and
Shanghai
2.3 Urban planning experiments and visions smart city / edge city / SEZ / EPZ /
entertainment legitimisation and deregulations and urban space - neoliberal urban
governance cities for profit not for people
2.4 Consequences land conversions and changing landuse - spatial and social polarisation
heterogeneity economic and cultural shocks formal or informal urbanism
3. Mumbai as megacity (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Transition from Colonial city to global/globalising city spatio-temporal changes
characteristic features issues in socio-economic and spatial organisation
3.2 Changing demography and patterns of socio-economic configuration inclusion and
exclusion
3.3 Deindustrialisation and reindustrialisation - Urban Planning visions shifting policies and
perspectives and associated spatial, economic and social development Transforming
Mumbai visions verses implementation Critical assessment of JNNURM and
AMRUT
3.4 Resultant urban space in Mumbai contestations and conflicts right to the city
exclusion and polarisation
4. MMR global/globalising urban region (Contact Hours 15 )
4.1 Placement of MMR vis-a-vis Mumbai in regional development context review of
linkages between the Mumbai and MMR Planning perspectives on MMR Draft
regional development plan 1972 and 1998 success and failure
4.2 Neoliberal planning perspectives and policies spatial restructuring land conversions
and legitimisation logic of regional planning and development
4.3 Impact on economy, culture, society and environment - status of towns and cities in inner
and outer peripheries transformation of rural hinterlands consequences and issues of
development Future development Draft regional development plan 2016
4.4 Case study of SEZ at Uran, NAINA, Kharghar, Entertainment Hub at Marve, Madh and
Manori , Pen and Alibaug Tehsil
References:
1. Castells, M (1989) The Informational City. Blackwell, Oxford.
2. Dogan, M and Kasarda, J D (eds.) (1988) The Metropolis Era, Mega-Cities 2. Sage,
New York.
3. Friedman J. (1986), The World City Hypothesis, Development and Change , 17, 1,
69-83. Reprinted in Knox P.L. and Taylor P.J., 1995, World Cities in a World-
System , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 317-331.
4. Gugler J. (2004), Introduction, in Gugler J. (ed), World Cities beyond the West:
Globalization, Development, and Inequality , Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1- 26.
5. Hall, P.G. (1966): The World Cities, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson
6. Mcgee,T.G.(1975): The Urbanisation Process in Third World, G. Bell and Sons,
London
7. Patel,S. And Thorner,A.(eds): (1995), Bombay: Metaphor of Modern India, Oxford
University Press.
8. Sassen S. (2000) : Cities in a World Economy , Thousand Oaks: Pine Forge Press.
9. Sassen S. (1996) : Global City, Princeton University Press
10. Szelenyi, J.(ed), (1984): Cities in Recession, Sage Publication.
11. Taylor, P.J. (2004), World city network: a global urban analysis . London and New
York, Routledge.
12. Banerjee-Guha, S. (2010) : Introduction : Transformative Cities in the New Global
Order in in Banerjee-Guha, S. (eds.), Accumulation by Dispossession
:Transformative Cities in the New Global Order , Sage publication,
New Delhi, pp. 1-16.
15. MMRDA (1998): Draft Regional Plan for Mumbai Metropolitan Region 1996-2011 ,
Mumbai, MMRDA, (A Metropolitan Regional Development and
Planning Authority).
16. MMRDA (2017): Draft Regional Plan for Mumbai Metropolitan Region 2016-2036 ,
Mumbai, MMRDA, (A Metropolitan Regional Development and
Planning Authority).
17. Sassen, S. (1991) : The Global City , Princeton University Press, US.
18. Harvey, D. (1990) : The Condition of Postmodernity , Cambridge, MA, Blackwell
19. Banerjee-Guha, S. (2002) : Shifting Cities: Urban Restructuring in Mumbai , Economic
and Political Weekly , V ol 37(2), pp 121-128.
20. Dupont, V . (2004) : Peri-urban Dynamics: Population, Habitat and Environment on the
Peripheries of Large Indian Metropolises , Introductory Paper at International
workshop on Peri-urban Dynamics: Population, Habitat and Environment on
the Peripheries of Large Indian Metropolises , 25-27 August, 2004, International
India Centre, New Delhi, .
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
W.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 23- Geography of Knowledge and Power
No. of Credits: 6- Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Evolution of Geography of Knowledge and Power- A Critical Perspective
(Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Imagined Geographies as knowledge forming process- Imagining body as space-
imagining differences- Euro-centrism in production of knowledge regimes
textualities of the world.
1.2 Orientalism as a subordinated ontology of knowledge and structuration of colonial
power regimes- Differentiated discourses of the Orient- Critique.
1.3 European Enlightenment- separation of man and nature development of science and
technology- academia and colonialism- Racism and Social Darwinism an apology to
Imperial capitalism
1.4 Travellers tales and Exhibitioning World Distorted singular reconstruction of the
diverse multiculturality of the Orient- Fractures in the representations.
2. Landscapes of Power and Power in Landscapes (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Conceptualising power in landscapes Gazes of power and establishing knowledge of
power through gazing the colonial landscapes- interpretations by Foucault- a Critical
appraisal.
2.2 Geographers contribution towards cartography and maps as the creation of Abstract
Spaces and strengthening imperial powers Lefebvre s concept on production of space
and control of social reproduction- Colonial landscape, work and the body-
Landscapes as homes.
2.3 Decolonisation process- Dialectics of knowledge transfer Motivations for a third
alternative power structure- Tricontinentalism- Hybrid identities- the non-alignment
movement; pan Africanism; Arab-nationalism as examples.
2.4 The New World Order- led by the USA- Marshall plan and Reconstruction of European
economies Containment of the USSR- Modernisation and structuring of the Three
Words.
3. Globalisation, Regulation Approach and the Politics of Scale (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Contextualising Scale Internationalisation and destatisation The Regulation
Approach- Separation of State and Capital- Aspatial context of regulation
3.2 Geographic division of labour Scale division of labour- The movement of Capital
through successive stages of fixity and movement Beyond Internationalisation
3.3 Conceptualising relational space- Typologies-embodiment of action- actor s
contextualization- embededness of space in social practice- Relationality and
geographical knowledge.
3.4 Scalar confusion- flows and relational links Actor-network theory- Emergence-From
actors to network Associated actions- Network space- Territorialisations of social
relations
4. Globalisation- Cultural Imperialism (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Placing question of Scale A discourse of the diverse economy Cultural
Imperialism- Consuming the Other Illustrations- Film; Fashion; Tourism
4.2 Geographies of Cultural Imperialism and Power Geometry Representation-
Subjectivity and Power- Speaking for others ; Geographies of Understanding-
Relevance of Hybrid identities.
4.3 Postcolonial Feminism- exploitations by patriarchy; global economic systems; race;
class and caste Comparative significance of Geographic and culture specific situated
knowledge
4.4 Dis/ Ordering Space The Case of Food- Spaces of Fast food- Spaces of slow food
Networks and flows actors and action spaces- Spaces of Consumption - Risk and
Relationality.
References:
1. Murdoch Jonathan (2006): Post-structuralist Geography, Sage
2. Sharp Joanne (2009): Geographies of Postcolonialism Spaces of Power and
representation , Sage.
3. Herod Andrew and Wright Melisa W.(2002): Geographies of Power Placing Scale,
Blackwell Publishing.
4. Aitken Stuart and V alentine Gill, (2006): Approaches to Human Geography, Sage.
5. Doreen Massey, et. al. (eds.). (1999): Human geography Today,Polity Press.
6. Cloke Paul, et. al. (2004): Envisioning Human Geographies, London, Arnold.
7. Dear Michael and Flusty Steven, (eds.)(2002): The Spaces of PostModernity,
Blackwell Publishing.
8. Clifford Nicholas J., Holloway Sarah, Rice Stephen P.(eds.) (2009): Key Concepts in
Geography , Sage.
9. Harvey, D. (1989), The Condition of Postmodernity, An Enquiry into the conditions of
Cultural Change, Blackwell
10. Harvey, D. (1982), Revised (2007), The Limits to Capital .
11. Harvey, D. (2001): Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography , Edinburgh
University Press.
12. Harvey David, 2002, Spaces of Hope , Edinburgh University Press.
13. Hubbard Phill, et. al (2002), Thinking Geographically Space, Theory and
Contemporary Human Geography , London, Continuum.
14. Cloke Paul and Johnston Ron, (2005): Spaces of Geographical Thought, Sage.
15. Barnes Trevor and Gregory Derek (eds.), (1997), Reading Human Geography The
Poetics and Politics of inquiry , London, Arnold.
16. Leyshon Andrew, Roger Lee and Collin Williams,(2003): Alternative Economic
Spaces , Sage.
17. KohliAtul, (2004): State Directed Development - Political Power and Industrialization in
the Global Periphery , Cambridge University Press
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
W.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 24 -Geography of Marketing and Consumption
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Marketing and consumption Interrelations (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Conceptualisation: Embededness Spatialities, Socialities, Subjectivities and
Identities- Typologies Networks and flows, Inclusion and exclusion.
1.2 Evolution of modern marketing and consumption- Fordist and Post-Fordist forms and
patterns Trends in Global north and south.
1.3 Theories of marketing and Consumption A Critical Review.
1.4 Marketing Geography and Geographies of Consumption- emerging areas of research and
trends.
2. Spatio- Social Context (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Space-Place and scale production of spaces and sites of marketing and consumption
- Economic, political, social cultural dimensions- Typologies of sites and forms.
2.2 Segmented spaces of marketing and consumption Urban and rural, Formal and
informal, Ethnic and community spaces, Mass and Niche spaces; Virtual, cyber-
spaces.
2.3 Spaces of conspicuous and inconspicuous consumption- Holidays, Leisure and
consumption of spaces- Deprivation and exclusion from consumption.
2.4 Display and Identity Formation in Marketing and consumption, aspects of
positionality, embodiment and emplacement House and body as sites of
consumption - Placing consuming identities-
3. Connections (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Interdependency of spaces of work and consumption in the era of globalization-Role
of the State, MNCs and Supranational Institutions - Commodity chains: the global,
regional and local context.
3.2 Producer and buyer led commodity and service chains - typologies - Commodity
circuits Actor-network structuration- Politics and Connectivities in marketing and
consumption.
3.3 Structures, links and organization global commodity Chains- Examples of Nike and
Wal-Mart- FDI policy and Retail trade in India.
3.4 Agribusiness and food bazaars as spaces of consumption Co-existence of weekly
markets, street selling, green grocery shops and Malls in Indian cities
4. Commercial Cultures and Moralities: (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Time and Space convergence, distanciation and compression- cultural imperialism and
consumption -Americanisation of commercial spaces McDonaldisation of culinary
cultures.
4.2 Creolization and hybridity of commercial cultures- a multiscalarphenomena- Spread of
Punjabi Dhabas, Udupi Restaurants and Chinese Food outlets Fusion in Indian music
and dance.
4.3 Contradictions and moralities of Consumption - Tourism and Recreation and
Commodification of Culture; Consumption of spaces in Goa- Networks and Spaces of
Sex trade in Nepal.
4.4 Experiencing a mall in Mumbai; Inclusion and exclusion experiencing street food in
slums of Mumbai
References :
1. Beaujeu-Garnier, J.andDelobez, A.(1979): Geography of Marketing, Longman,
London.
2. Knox, P., Agnew, J. and McCarthy, L. (2008)(5th Edition), The Geography of the
World Economy, Hodder Education. Arnold, London.
3. Bryson, J., Henry, N., Keebly, D. and Martin, R. (1999): The Economic Geography
Reader, John Wiley and Sons Limited, Chichester.
4. Mansvelt Juliana,(2005): Geographies of Consumption , Sage.
5. Leyshon Andrew. et.al. (2011): The Sage Handbook of, Economic Geography , Sage,
6. Hudson Ray(2005): Economic Geographies , Sage, pp. 167-188, Chapter 9.
7. Sheppard Eric and Barnes Trevor J., (eds.) (2000): A Companion to Economic
Geography, Blackwell, Massachusetts.
8. Wood Andrew and Roberts Susan, (2011): Economic Geography- Places, network and
flows, Routledge, London and New York.
9. Scott J. Allen, (2006): Geography and Economy- The Clarendon Lecture in
10. Geography and Environmental Studies, Clarendon Press, Oxford, New York.
11.Castree Noel, et.al. (2004): Spaces of Work: Global Capitalism and the Geographies
of Labour, Sage, London.
12. Brakman Steven, et.al. (2009): The New Introduction to Geographical Economics,
Cambridge University Press, UK.
13. Johnston R.J., Taylor, P.J. and Watts, M.J. (2002), Geographies of Change,
Remapping the World, Blackwell.
14. Kitchin R., Thrift, N, (eds.) (2009), The International Encyclopedia of Human
Geography, Elsvier.
14. Cloke, Paul, Crang Philip, Goodwin Mark, (1999): Introducing Human Geographies,
Arnold
15. George Ritzer, (2010): Globalization A Basic Text, Wiley-Blackwell
16. Markusen Ann, (2007), The Urban Core as Cultural Sticky Space , in Henckel
Dietrich, Pahl-Weber Elke, Herkommer Benjamin (eds.), 2007, Time Place
Spaces, Peter Lang, pp. 173-188.
17. Camp David,(2007): Leisure in Urban Environment , in Henckel Dietrich, Pahl-
Weber Elke, Herkommer Benjamin (eds.), 2007, Time Place Spaces, Peter
Lang, 211-226.
18. Berry, B.J.L. (1967): Geography of Market Centres and Retail Distribution, Prentice
Hall, Englewood Cliff.
19. Vince, James, E.Jr. (1970): 'The Merchants' World - The Geography of Wholesaling,
Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs.
20. Conkling, E.G. and Thoman, R.C. (1967): Geography of International Trade,
Prentice Hail Englewood Cliffs.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
W.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 25- Theoretical Geography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Geographical discourse (Contact Hours 15)
1.1 Social construction of the discipline - Geography as a situated knowledge
Dichotomy and Exceptionalism - Areal differentiation, fragmentation and coherence.
1.2 Places of theory and geographical interest - Kuhn: paradigms and scientific
revolutions- Foucault: truth and power - Habermas: power, knowledge and truth
Therory and practice in geography.
1.3 Geography and society - Classical context and non-formal age - Advent of classical
formal geography. - Cartography and exploration.
1.4 Institutionalised geography - Emergence of geography as an academic formal
discipline.
2. Geography as an empirical analytical science (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Analytical and phenomenological approaches in Geography
2.2 Systems and process- Logical positivism - Process and form in physical geography
2.3 Environment and regional geography -
2.4 Behaviorialism in geography - Approaches to systematic human geography.
3. Philosophy and Methodology (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Significance of philosophy and its placement- Methodology and explanation systematic
studies
3.2 Theory building in geography- Explanation, relevance and social origins of concern
3.3 Geography as historical- hermeneutic science - Phenomenology and geography
coexistence of naturalism and historicity - dialectics and geography
3.4 Spatiality and Time - Dialectic of space and time geography Time-space and area
Social construction of space and time - Towards a humanistic geography.
4. Geography and the production of knowledge (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Radical geography and a structuralist alternative
4.2 Reality and realism in geography - Ideology and ethics
4.4 Post-structuralism and relational Space contributions by Lefebvre, Castells, Harvey
4.4 Geography as a critical science - Towards a critical geography.
References:
1. Davies, M.K.D. (1972)'Conceptual Revolution in Geography, University of London
Press Ltd.
2. Unwin, T. (1992): The Place of Geography, Longman.
3. Barnes, T. and Gregory, D. (1997): Readings in Human Geography, Arnold.
4. Mitchell, B. and Draper, T. (1982): Relevance and Ethics in Geograpny, Longman.
5. Gregory1 D. (1978}:Ideology, Science and Geography', Cambridge University Press.
6. Stoddard, D.R.(986): On Geography, Basil Blackwell.
7. Pickles, J. (1985): Phenomenology, Science and Geography, Cambridge University
Press.
8. Carlstein, T, Parkes, D. and Thrift, N.(1978): Making Sense of Time, Edward Arnold.
9. Harvey, D.(1969): Explanation in Geography, Edward Arnold.
10. Hussain, M. (ed)(1993): Perspectives and Nature in Geography, Vol. I to V, Anmol
Publications.
11. Haggett, P.(1983):Geography: A Modern Synthesis, Harper and Row.
12. Johnston, R.J.(1985):Future of Geography, Methuen, London.
13. Woolridge, S.W, and East W.G, (1970): Spirit and Purpose of Geography, Hutchinson
University Library, London.
14. Harvey, D. (1985): Conciousness and the Urban Experience, Basil Blackwell
15. Harvey, D. (1973), (2009) (revised Ed.), Social Justice and the City, Geographies of
Justice and social Transformation , The University of Georgia press
16. Harvey, D.(1989), The Condition of Postmodernity, An Enquiry into the conditions
of Cultural Change, Blackwell
17. Harvey, D. (1982), Revised(2007), The Limits to Capital ,
18. Harvey, D. (2001): Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography , Edinburgh
University Press.
19. Harvey, D. (2005), A Brief History of Neoliberalism , Oxford Geographical
Development ,
20. Harvey, D. (2010), A Companion to Marx s capital , Vol. I, II Verso
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
W.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 402 B 26- Development of Modern Geography
No. of Credits: 6 Teaching Hours 60 + Notional Hours 60= Total hours 120
1. Development in Modern Geographical Thought (Contact Hours 15)
1.1. Philosophy of geography Evolution of early modern geography environmentalism,
possibilism, neo-possibilism - Growth of geography as a spatial science quantitative
revolution critical appraisal
1.2 Positivism in geography - Explanation and search for scientific routes - Existentiation
phenomenology and humanistic geography
1.3 Welfare approaches in geography - Radical geography inductive, deductive and critical
approaches
1.4 Marxism and Marxist geography -Political economic perspective in geography
quantitative verses qualitative newer resources in research - ethnography and social
research
2. New perspectives on Environment, Region and Geopolitics (Contact Hours 15)
2.1 Reality, process and the dialectical relation between man and environment
contemporary models of environment and resources Resource management and natural
hazards -Modern environmentalist concepts and challenges.
2.2 Reconstructing regional geography - New models of regional change - Economic, social
and cultural dimensions Regional verses spatial controversy - New Regionalism
2.3 Regions and political life - Civil society, political systems and territorialisation of Power
theoretical explanation international relations and regional cooperation - recent
theories and praxis liberal and neoliberal dimensions
2.4 New models of geopolitical change - Post-cold war democracy and human rights
UNCHR and politics of human rights in the era of globalisation - conventions, treaties
and agreements
3. Gender Geography (Contact Hours 15)
3.1 Feminist geography and the concept of gender
3.2 Place, space identity and gender Production of gendered spaces and differentiation
3.3 Gender theories- Radical, Marxist, Poststructural- Cultural turn and Feminist politics.
3.4 Gender, nation and international relations- Globalisation and geographies of gender
4. Post-colonial and Postmodern Geography (Contact Hours 15)
4.1 Geography in the era of globalisation Globalisation, nationalisation or anti-globalisation
trends theorising BREXIT
4.2 Crisis of modernity poststructuralism postmodernism and postmodern geographies
4.3 Deconstruction - creative destruction towards newer theoretical consolidations
4.4 Contemporary pedagogies and research frontiers in Geography
References:
1. Peet, R. (1998): Modern Geographical Thought , Blackwell.
2. Lefebvre, H. (1991): The Production of Space, Blackwell, (Translated by D.
Nicholson-Smith).
3. Harvey, D. (2001): Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography , Edinburgh
University Press.
4. Harvey, D. (1991): The Condition of Postmodernity- An Enquiry into the conditions
of Cultural Change, Blackwell
5. Harvey, D. (1969) Explanation in Geography, Edward Arnold.
6. Blunt, A. and McEwan, C. (2002): Postcolonial Geographies', Continuum.
7. Unwin, T. (1992): The Place of Geography , Longman.
8. Cloke, P. et. al., (eds.), (1999): Introducing Human Geographies , Arnold.
9. Peet, R. and Thrift, N. (eds.): New Models in Geography, Vol. I and II, Unwin
Hyman.
10. Livingstone, D. N. (1992): The Geographical Tradition , Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
11. Arild Holt-Jenson- History and concepts in Geography: A Student s Guide , 2009,
4th Edn., Sage.
12. DeLyserDydia, Herbert Steve, Aitken Stuart, Crang Mike and McDowell Linda
(eds.), 2010, The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Geography , Sage.
13. Leyshon Andrew, Lee Roger, McDowell Linda and Sunley Peter, (eds.), 2011,
The Sage Handbook of Economic Geography , Sage.
14. Dear Michael and Flusty Steven, (eds.), 2002, Spaces of Post Modernity: Readings
in Human Geography , Blackwell.
15. Gregory Derek and Urry John, Social relations and spatial Structures , 1985,
Macmillan
16. Bonnett, Alastair, 2008, What is Geography , Sage.
17. Murdoch Jonathan, 2006, Post-Structuralist Geography , Sage.
18. Clifford Nicholas, Holloway Sarah, Rice Stephen and Valentine (eds.), 2nd Edn.,
(2009) Key Concepts in Geography , Sage.
19. Progress in Geography (1969-76): Volume 1 to 8, Arnold Edwards, London.
20. Taffe, E.J. (1970): Geography, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
University of Mumbai
M.A./ M.Sc. Geography Syllabus Based on Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
W.e.f. Academic Year 2017-2018
Semester IV
Paper: 403 Group 3 Practical Based Dissertation Credit 10
(Data -based study on any branch of Geography)
Annexure I
Department of Geography
University of Mumbai
Two Year Degree Course of M. A./M.Sc. in Geography
As per Choice Based Credit System
(CBCS) (With effect from the academic year
2017-2018)
Examination pattern for Semester IV
Semester IV:
a) Theory Paper: 100 marks for each paper (Total theory papers 2)
i) Internal examination: Total marks 40 (in each theory paper)
ii) External examination: Total marks 60 (in each theory paper) Duration: 2 1/2
Hours
1) Total number of questions to be framed for theory paper in external examination
is 6 of 15 marks each.
2) Out of total 6 questions, students are required to attempt any four questions.
b) Dissertation: 100 marks
1) Out of total 100 marks 20 marks for internal assessment and 80 marks by
external examiner i.e. 60 marks for assessment and 20 marks for viva voce
examination on dissertation.
c) Marking system:
1) Total marks for theory: 200 ( 6 Credits *2 theory papers =12 credits)
2) Total marks for practical: 100 (10 credits* 1 dissertation = 10 credits)
3) Grand Total for Semester IV= 300 marks : 22 credits